Yauza River a Moscow: tushen da kuma tsawon (photo)

A mafi girma tributary da Moscow River a cikin babban birnin kasar na Rasha shi ne kogi Yauza. Basin a yankin wanda shi ne located, shi ne 452 km ^2. Its tsawon - 48 km, da kuma fadin dabam daga 20 zuwa 65 mita, mafi yawa hilafa ne saboda da wucin gadi gado bazuwa. River gudana a arewa maso gabashin kasar da kuma yankunan tsakiya na Moscow. A 1908, ta mai suna da hukuma iyakar Moscow, a yankin tsakanin jam'iyya da kuma shaft-Kollezhkogo mahaɗar tsakãninsu p. Kopytovki. A floodplain na kogin Yauza aka located a arewa-maso-gabashin gundumar na babban birnin kasar. An kewaye da kananan natsuwa da filayen. Ikon mai ruwa-ruwa rafi ne 90% da snow.

description

River Jauza yana da 12 dama aikin gandu (Chernogryazka, Sukromka da sauransu) da kuma bar 5 (Golden Kakakin, testis). A ranar da bankuna da aka daukaka Bauman Moscow Jihar fasaha da Jami'ar. Ruwa rafi gudana ta hanyar da kauyuka Tayninka, Sha'ir, biranen Moscow da kuma Mytischi. A ranar da bankuna suna located majami'u Serafima Sarovskogo da Sergiya Radonezhskogo, kuma da Andaranikas sufi. Duk da haka, wannan ba duk da gani da za a iya gani, iyo a kan shi. A ta gaba ƙawata manyan gidãje: Catherine kuma Lefortovo. Yana empties a cikin Moskva River. Wannan wuri ne dake a cikin Greater Ustinsky gada. Madogararsa na Yauza kogin - fadama a wurin shakatawa Elk Island.

Gwargwadon siffofin

Jauza miƙa a Moscow a ranar 27 km daga Moscow Zobe Road surfacing a kan Broad Street. Gudana ta hanyar Babushkinskiy gundumar da Sviblovo, Botanical Garden, Prospect Mira, sa'an nan da dama a cikin "runguma" da waterfront a Sokolniki. Kafin ka samu a cikin Moscow River, gudana ta hanyar da Lefortovo da ƙasa bango.

A floodplain na kogin Yauza kusan a cikin halitta ta an kiyaye kawai a yankin tsakanin muz tsibirin kuma Sokolniki. Za mu iya cewa wannan yanki ba a shafi da shekaru fasaha. Ga shi an partially rufe da gandun daji. Duk da yake wasu yankunan sun fi mayar da swamped ko marar amfani ne weeds. A 60-70 shekaru. saboda m ayyukan fadada gado rage muhimmanci da matakin na ruwa a cikin Yauza. Don cika da shi, aka gina shi canals haɗa da Volga tasa, Khimki tafki da Golovinskoye tafkunan. Saboda gina irin wannan hanya ambaliya Lihoborka cika da ruwa, wadda ta amsa ketaren kogi Yauza.

toponymy

A wasu tsoho tarihin sunan Yauza kogin kara kamar Auza. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa hydronym samo asali daga Slavic da Finno-Ugric harsuna. Mafi m, da sunan "Yauza" da aka alaka da Baltic kalma Auzes, kazalika da ta appellatives Auzaine, Auzajs, wanda ke nufin "gemu", "budu", "hatsi stalk."

Historical bayanai game da Yauza River

Ruwa ya kwarara Yauza ya kusan ko da yaushe navigable, a haɗa da kudu na Rasha da Vladimir. A zamanin d tarihin da aka ce cewa ya muhimmanci isa, zuwa ga birnin da ruwa. A XVII karni da jiragen ruwa da aka gina a kan shi. Bitrus I, na karshe sarki da farko sarki na Rasha, mafarkin cewa ta za a shiga cikin Volga da Moskva River. A nan, da shuka, wanda ya faru yi na filafili aka gina.

A tsibirin a kusa da Yauza housed a niƙa for nika hatsi, don haka mutanen da suke zaune a yankin, yafi tsunduma a sayar da burodi. A zamanin da, da kogin ya na da muhimmanci ciniki batu, amma tare da m cin gaban fasahar da shi da sauri rasa da muhimmancin. Yanzu shi da ake amfani da balaguro din zuwa cikin babban birnin a Rasha, gaya wa mutane da labarin da kuma nuna gani.

ci gaban kewayawar

River Yauza a Moscow ne shipping, amma kawai a cikin tazara daga Transfiguration Square zuwa Moscow River. A kan ruwa ya kwarara ne 23 gadoji domin Tafiya da Kafa, 28 - ga motoci, 6 - domin trams, kazalika 6 - dogo. Nan za ka iya ganin kananan tasoshin. Amma a lokacin da fasaha aikin iya sau da yawa sami manyan jirãge, kungiyar "Mosvodostok". Yana da wani kamfanin tsunduma a cikin goyon bayan da jihar na kogin, kallon ta tsarki.

Navigable sassan za a iya kira da kuma nesa biyu kilomita daga Yaroslavl karauka zuwa Bogatyrsky gada. Akwai sau da yawa bayyana motorboats. Tun da farko a 2000, wannan yanki da aka yi amfani da maimaitawa na Yauza, ta amfani da fasaha tasoshin. Ruwa ya kwarara ba ya bambanta a girma nisa. Kusan duk navigable yankunan su ne kunkuntar isasshen - ba fiye da 25 m, fãce ga mai rabo headwater cewa shi ne m zuwa Yauza waterworks. Its nisa ne kusan 65 m. Ga kogi ne kewaye da wani kankare embankment, wanda tsayinsa ne 3 m.

Areas na kewayawa gabatar da alamar "Kada jifa da anga." A Dam sanye take da ja hasken wuta, ƙofa Syromyatnicheskaya hydro - zirga-zirga hasken wuta.

Abin baƙin ciki, a tsakiyar zamanai da kogin Yauza, photo, ba a samo karin kyau, yana da matukar muhimmanci ga jihar fiye da yanzu.

Syromyatnicheskiy waterworks

Syromyatnicheskiy waterworks da aka gina a 1940. An ayi a kan Yauza River kusa bakinsa. Sunan zo daga tanneries shiri, shi ne gaba. Ga shi yana sanye take da "Modovodostoka" filin ajiye motoci. Kotun na kungiyar hawa da datti da aka tattara a cikin Yauza da Moskva kogin, a kan wani musamman akai, gudanar da wani janar tsabtace aikin da saka idanu da muhalli jihar.

Goma da suka wuce, da gyara da aka za'ayi a kan waterworks. A wannan lokaci, da ƙofa aka cikakken gyara da kuma maye gurbin ƙofar dam. Ko kafin birnin gwamnati gyare-gyare na embankments.

Flora da fauna

Tushen kogin Yauza ba musamman arziki a cikin kifi. Cirewa ruwa-ruwa rafi zaune perch, roach, da kuma kasa za a iya gani ASP, damuwa, Pike. Akwai sau da yawa bayyana geese, mallard, Reed bunting, Canada Goose, kazalika da yawa tsuntsaye gida.

Kamar yadda da dukan najasa koguna, halin da irin shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, duka biyu phytoplankton da zooplankton, zoobenthos (fi na kowa leeches da mollusks), surface da iyo ganye da kuma karkashin ruwa algae. A kan irin wannan talauci na Flora da fauna a cikin babban wuri na tasiri. Located a cikin iyakoki na birnin da kuma ciwon wata babbar lamba na shuke-shuke da kuma masana'antu a kan ta gaba, da kogin sau da yawa lends kanta dauke da najasa: mai sharar gida da kuma untreated najasa. A kifi kawai ba su iya tsira a irin wannan yanayi. Masana kimiyya da 'yan lokuta na taro guba da aka rubuta.

A 'yan kalmomi game da Moscow River

Magana game da kogin. Yauza, ba za mu iya watsi da bakinsa - Moscow River. Shi ne babban jijiya daga cikin babban birnin kasar na Rasha Federation. Its total tsawon shi ne 502 km. Moscow River fãra daga babban fadama kusa Starkogo (Smolensk yankin). Yana gudana a cikin birnin Kolomna a Oka. Tun zamanin da, shi ya quite wani muhimmin ruwa jiki ga jihar, hada da Novgorod da Smolensk, da Volga da Don. A wannan darajar ta zauna ita a yau. Asalin da kogin sunan ake dangantawa da Finno-Ugric, Baltic da kuma Slavic harsuna. Ainihin version ba ya wanzu.

A Moscow River samu game 30-35 jinsunan kifaye. Mafi na kowa bream, roach da perch, da yawa kasa Pike, bream, Chub, irin kifi, perch da Chub. Kawai a gaskiya masunci sa'a kama catfish, IDE, whitefish da nase. Domin kara yawan kifaye kamar sturgeon, da kogin samar soya, wanda shi ne fitarwa ta wucin gadi wajen. Saboda ayyukan mutane a cikin Moscow River kifi iyo daga magance kusa ruwa kududdufai, da kiwon kifi. Akwai alƙarya jinsunan kamar irin kifi, bano, irin kifi, kifi da kuma sabrefish.

Kare Mahalli

Saboda gaskiya cewa kogin Yauza arziki a masana'antu, a wasu wuraren wani rafi cike da datti, shara ruwa, da man fetur. Saboda wannan dalili, da ruwa ya samu zurfin-zaunar da ku dadi wari.

Amma, da kogin gurbatawa ne saboda karafa, organics, dakatar da daskararru, wanda su ne kusan insoluble da tara a cikin al'ada. Duk wannan fada ga ruwa ya kwarara wa kamfanonin da cewa tsaya a kan ta bankuna. A cikin tsakiyar birnin ƙazantar da kogin thawed, ruwan sama da kuma masana'antu ruwa. Saboda haka, ruwa ingancin yake ta tabarbarewa.

Tun zamanin da, da kogi ne m wari, akwai da yawa cutarwa effluents samar a lokacin da wannan ya kwarara. Saboda wannan dalili, riga a cikin XIX karni, ruwa da aka gane a matsayin m don sha. Amma Yauza kwarin Kogin har yanzu gudanar don riƙe da fara'a. Yana faruwa a arewa-maso-gabashin ɓangare na Moscow. Its yanayi dubi sosai halitta, janyo hankalin yan unguwa suka zai gladly zo shakata da kuma yi nishadi. Shekaru da dama da suka wuce, birnin gwamnati ya sa domin wannan bangare na kogin, ba shi da wani dadi da kuma na ado bayyanar: Saita benci da kuma karfafa for rairayin bakin teku, deben hanya.

A Rasha babban birnin kasar yana da fiye da 100 tabkuna. A daidai wannan lokaci da kogin Yauza taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar birni, kuma bai yarda da tamanin da babban jijiya, da Moscow River. Ana rinjayar aikin masu yawa kamfanonin, da kuma dogara a kan muhalli yanayin ta muhalli. Game da Yauza River bil'adama sani ga dama ƙarni, shi ake dangantawa da yawa na tarihi da adadi gagarumin events a cikin rãyuwar Rasha. A ranar da bankuna ne tsire-tsire da kuma gidajen lama, makarantu da wuraren shakatawa, da filayen da fādodinta, dakunan karatu da kuma gine-gine suna da ban mamaki tare da tsawo da kuma gine-gine ainihi. A floodplain na kogin Yauza hada da wani kandami, mai kyau da kuma m, a da bayyanar.