Environmental monitoring:-daban da kuma subsystems

Environmental monitoring - a sa na lura da ake gudanar da jihar da ya rataya yanayi, kazalika da ta kimantawa da kuma Hasashen na canje-canje a cikin shi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar biyu anthropogenic da na halitta abubuwan. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, to wani yankin na irin wannan karatu ne ko da yaushe za'ayi, amma sabis, suka tsunduma a, sun kasance a daban-daban sassan, kuma sunã aikatãwa ba hadewa a cikin wani daga cikin al'amurran. Saboda wannan dalili, kafin muhalli monitoring kamata da Hakin: domin sanin muhalli da kuma tattalin arziki yankin. A mataki na gaba shi ne don zaɓar bayanai game da shi shi ne jihar da yanayi. Kana bukatar kuma ka tabbatar da cewa data samu isa zuwa zana dama karshe.

Nau'in na muhalli monitoring

Tun lokacin da kallo don warware matsaloli da yawa daga bangarori daban-daban, a lokacin da shi da aka samarwa a rarrabe ta fannoni uku:

- hygienic.

- halitta da kuma tattalin arziki.

- duniya.

Duk da haka, a yi ya juya daga cewa wannan m ba a fili ayyana karba-karba da kuma kungiya sigogi. Ba shi yiwuwa a raba da kuma aiki subspecies muhalli kallo.

Environmental monitoring: subsystem

Babban subspecies na kallo, gudana ga muhalli, shi ne:

- sauyin yanayi saka idanu. Wannan sabis hulda da iko da kuma Hasashen na sauyin yanayi canzawa. Yana maida hankali ne akan kankara takardar, da yanayi, da teku, da sauran sassa na biosphere cewa tasiri da samuwar.

- Geophysical Kulawa. Wannan sabis na nazarin data a kan iska da kuma bayanan hydrologists, yanayin sararin samaniya.

- Halittu monitoring. Wannan sabis ɗin yana sa idanu yadda gurbatawa rinjayar duk rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

- Kulawa da kiwon lafiya na mazauna wani musamman ƙasa. Wannan sabis zaune a yanki, na nazarin kuma kintace da jihar kiwon lafiya na al'ummar jihar.

Saboda haka, a general muhalli monitoring kamar haka. Zaba yanayi (ko ɗaya daga cikin shafukan), ta sigogi ake auna, tattara, sa'an nan da bayanai ne daukar kwayar cutar. Bayan haka, data da aka sarrafa, ba su janar halaye a halin yanzu mataki da ake kiyasin nan gaba.

Matsayin sa idanu a jihar da yanayi

Environmental monitoring - a tsarin na Multi-matakin. By kara shi kama da wannan:

- Cikakken matakin. Kulawa da aka aiwatar a kananan yankunan.

- Local matakin. Wannan tsarin yana kafa a lokacin da wani bangare na cikakken monitoring suna hade a daya cibiyar sadarwa. Wannan shi ne, an faruwa a cikin gundumar, ko wani babban birni.

- Regional matakin. Yana maida hankali ne akan ƙasa da dama yankuna a cikin jihar ko lardin.

- National matakin. Kamanninsa hade a daya kasar na yankin monitoring tsarin.

- Global matakin. Yana integrates monitoring tsarin da dama al'ummai. Ya aiki - don saka idanu da jihar na yanayi a ko'ina cikin duniya, to hango ko hasashen da canje-canje faruwa, musamman, kuma a sakamakon tasirin da anthropogenic dalilai a kan biosphere.

saka idanu shirin

Environmental monitoring kimiyance tushen da kuma na da shirin. Yana ƙayyade manufar taron, kankare matakai da hanyoyin da aiwatar. Babban maki cewa yin up da shirin kula da muhalli saka idanu, da wadannan:

- The jerin abubuwa da ake kula. A daidai nuni na yankinsu.

- The jerin Manuniya na gudana saka idanu da kuma iyakokin da canje-canje.

A karshe, cikin lokaci, da cewa shi ne, sau nawa dole dauki samfurori, da kuma lokacin da data kamata a bayar.