Lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin dole ne a san kowa ga mutumin da yake son Rasha. Domin ba wai kawai zuciyar Rasha ba ne, ruhun duniya mafi girma kuma mafi girma a duniya, amma har ma daya daga cikin manyan wuraren kirki a duniya.
Ƙunni na Farko
Tuddai sun nuna cewa ƙauyuka a ƙasar Kremlin sun kasance shekaru 5000 da suka wuce, kuma a cikin karni na VI AD Slavic kabilu sun rayu a nan. A tsakiyar Moscow kanta, an samo asali na wani tsari na al'ada Diacovan.
Dyakovo na da karfi, a matsayin mai mulkin, an kasance a kan iyakar kogi. A zamanin d ¯ a, saboda dalilai na saukakawa da aminci, na farko a cikin gundumar sun kasance da wuraren da tsaunuka suke kewaye da kogi. Yana da kyawawa a cikin bakin teku cewa ruwa yana kare tsari daga bangarorin biyu. Rashin ruwa ya zama hanya don sadarwa tare da makwabta kuma an yarda dasu don cinikayyar cinikayya, kuma duwatsun ba su iya samuwa ga abokan gaba ba kuma sun ba da damar yin nazarin babban yanki.
Haihuwar Moscow
Kuma a lokacin da aka gina da Moscow Kremlin, Borovitsky tudu, kewaye a garesu na Moscow River da kuma Neglinnaya wanda gudana a cikin shi, da kuma wuri a saman wani shiri, ya juya a cikin wani impregnable sansanin soja. Na farko da aka ambaci Kremlin ya koma 1147. Sa'an nan kuma ba a taɓa gina ganuwar a cikin itacen ba. Sun bayyana ne kawai bayan shekaru 9 - a cikin 1156. A zuciya na Moscow da aka farko da aka ambata dangane da gayyatar da Yuri Dolgoruky a cikin sabuwar gina horomina Mataimakinsa Svyatoslava Olgovicha, Novgorod-Seversky Prince. Zuwa na gaba zumunta (su jikanyar da kuma dan - sanannen Igor kuma Yaroslavna - aure) zuwa wani idi da kuma ke dauke da kwanan watan da kafuwar Moscow. Wannan shine lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin.
Babban Gina
Bayan gine-ginen ganuwar, Kremlin ya zama cibiyar kulawa ga waɗanda ke kewaye da ita da kauyuka da ke kusa. A nan mazaunan wadannan ƙauyuka sun sami tsari a lokacin mamaye makiya. A hankali dai muhimmancin wannan sansanin ya karu, kuma ƙasa ta fadada. Kuma yanzu, tare da ɗan Alexander Nevsky, Prince Danila Alexandrovich (1261-1303), kakannin shugabannin Moscow, birnin da ya girma a kusa da Kremlin ya zama babban birnin babban mulkin Moscow.
A lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin, Yuri Dolgoruky ya kafa Pereyaslavl-Zalessky da Yuryev-Polsky. Wannan yarima, wanda dukan rayuwarsa ya mallaki mulkin Rostov-Suzdal kuma ya mutu a can, ya shiga cikin ci gaba na gari. Bugu da kari ya ba da waɗannan garuruwan da ya kafa Dubna, Kostroma, Dmitrov, flooded a lokacin shiri na cikin Uglich tafki kauyen Senyatino, da kuma, a cewar daya labari, Gorodets. Bugu da ƙari, ya gina gine-gine masu yawa da wuraren ginin. Don haka, a lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin (shekara ta 1147), wasu wurare da dama sun dage farawa. Kuma babu abin da ya ce ya kasance daga wannan sansanin cewa babban birnin jihar mafi girma a duniya zai girma.
Ingantaccen babban birnin kasar nan gaba
Kuma an gina Moscow kuma an fadada shi. Prince Ivan Kalita (1283-1341) yana gina gine-gine na fari na dutse. Kuma tare da shi a 1340, an maye gurbin tsoffin katako na katako da itatuwan oak mai karfi. Kuma jikansa Dmitry Donskoy (1350-1389), ɗan Moscow Yarima Ivan II Red, ya maye gurbin ganuwar ganuwar da dutse fari. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ake kira Moscow "dutse dutse". Yana da haka kyau a cikin hoton nuna Vasiliya Vereschagina, rubuta a 1879, mai taken "View na Moscow Kremlin daga Stone Bridge". Babban birnin kasar Rasha, wani birni mai tarihi mai ban mamaki ba zai iya haifar da ƙarin sha'awa ba. Duk wani gari mai girma na kasar yana ƙaunar da mutunta shi. Amma Moscow yana da yawa ga mutumin Rasha. Kuma abu ne na ainihi don so in san cikakken bayani game da asalin garin, inda ya fara, ta yaya kuma a lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin, shekarar da aka samo asali kuma a karkashin wane ne aka gina wannan mu'ujiza.
Na farko wallafe-wallafen nassoshi
Daya daga cikin bayanin farko game da haihuwar babban birni shine a cikin labarin "The Tale of Murder Daniel of Suzdal and the beginning of Moscow". "Tarihin Ipatiev" ana dauke da asalin tushen asali, inda aka ambaci garin Moscow - wurin wurin babban biki don girmama gamuwa da abokai da abokan aikin Rostov-Suzdal da shugabannin Novgorod-Severny. Lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da shekarar da aka gina Moscow Kremlin, akwai amsoshin da dama. Zaka iya siffanta kwanan wata, dangane da abin da aka ambaci Kremlin - a ranar "Gidan Gida ga Gidan Gida", wato, Asabar, Afrilu 4, 1147. Kuma zaka iya yin magana na tsawon lokaci game da yadda aka gina Kremlin a cikin ƙarni. Shin yana yiwuwa su yi tunanin da hadaddun ba tare da Cathedral na Dormition, ko Big Kremlin Palace?
Kremlin ya gina da sake gina shi
Amsar tambaya ga lokacin da Kremlin na ginawa a nan gaba zai dogara ne akan abin da wannan sunan yake nufi - gwargwadon zamani, wurin zama na shugaban Rasha, ko kuma karamin katako, daga abin da duk abin ya fara. Babu adadin shafi don kawai jerin jerin ɗakunan, ɗakunan katolika, gine-gine, murabba'i, lambuna da wuraren tunawa da wannan babbar ƙungiyoyin zamantakewar siyasa da tarihin tarihi da kuma fasaha na Rasha da ke zaune a yankin da ya kai kadada 27.5. Yankin Kremlin kamar misalin triangle ne.
Daya daga cikin lu'u-lu'u na Kremlin
Katin Cathedral Uspensky na Moscow Kremlin ya cancanci a ambata. An gina shi a 1479. Tarihin farkon halittarsa ya koma 1326. Babban Moscow Prince Ivan Kalita, tare da St. Peter, ya kafa wannan babban dutse na farko a Moscow. Tsarin Uwa na Tsarkin Tsarin Rasha ya kamata a yi babban birni (kuma wannan shine matsayin Moscow). Yana da St. Peter wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gaskiyar cewa Moscow ta zama babban jari-hujja. Saboda haka, bayan rasuwar tsohon Metropolitan na Moscow an binne shi a babban babban katallar da ba a gama ba. Abubuwan da ya rubuta da kuma jerin alamar "Lady of Petrovskaya", wanda asalin manzo Bitrus ya yi, shi ne ɗaya daga cikin wuraren tsafi na rukunin Rasha. An gina ginin. Wannan ya faru a lokacin mulkin unifier ƙasashen Rasha a ƙarƙashin mulkin Moscow, Grand Duke Ivan III. Lokacin da yake cikin Kremlin ya gina babban gini - dukkan gine-gine sun sake gina dutse. Kuma a wannan yanayin, amsa tambayoyin lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin, za'a iya kiran shekarar nan wani abu - 1485. A cikin shekarun (1485-1495) an gina ɗakunan musamman, wanda shine katin ziyartar babbar ƙwayar.
Gida mara darajar gine-gine na duniya
Kamar yadda aka gani a sama, Dmitry Donskoy ya sake gina dutse na katako na farko (wanda ake kira a Rasha da Kremlin). A gaskiya, ya gina sabon siliki "silicon", kuma shekarar da aka kammala, 1367, za a iya daukar daidai lokacin da aka gina Moscow Kremlin. Daga bisani, a lokacin mulkin Ivan da mummunan, wanda ya zama tsatson Rasha na farko (ya dauki taken a cikin Cathedral na Kremlin), an kammala maɗaukaki kanta.
Kuma kayan ado na Gidan Cathedral - Gidan tauraron "Ivan Great", ba tare da abin da yake da wuya a yi tunanin Kremlin, tun lokacin da ya kasance gine-gine mafi girma a Moscow shekaru da yawa, an gina shi lokacin mulkin Boris Godunov. Duk da haka, an gina Moscow Kremlin na farko a 1147 da umurnin Yury Dolgoruky. Har ila yau, ana kiran birnin da ake kira "chrome", wanda ya fi dacewa da hasumiyar katako, kewaye da shinge na katako. Babban mahimmanci, mai ban mamaki da kuma marar iyaka, Kremlin shine keɓancewa da ikon da kuma bambanta na Rasha.