"Wa", "abin da" - abin da hali? Affixes da su tambayoyi

Popular sau da yawa, a yi wani morphological analysis wajibi ne don saka akwati parsed kalmomi. Case - daya daga cikin mafi wuya Categories zama a yau a Rasha harshen, amma wajibi ne a san, su koyi su fahimta da batutuwan da parses daidai.

Case a Rasha harshen

Inflection category mace-mace kullum yana nufin da rabo daga wani suna ko siffa zuwa wasu kalmomi a cikin jumla ko yankin jumla wanda shi Forms tare da data kalmomi. A wannan batu a cikin Rasha harshen, akwai kawai 6 lokuta: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental da prepositional.

Tun da farko a Rasha harshen akwai mai yawa fiye da na lokuta, wanda soke kan lokaci, kazalika da dual. Makamantan bayanai na wadannan mamaki a Rasha harshen za a iya gani har zuwa yanzu, wasu daga cikin kalmomin da aka kafa daga nau'i na vocative hali na sunaye da kuma manufofi.

Nominative kuma duk-duk-duk

The suna a cikin nominative yanayin da ake yi tsayayya da dukan sauran mutane, saboda yana da wani m matsayi a wani nau'in harshe, wani lokacin ake magana a kai a matsayin kai tsaye hali. Sauran 6 lokuta ne kai tsaye ba, suna da yaushe dangane da sauran kalmomin da za su iya bayyana daban-daban syntactic dangantaka zuwa wasu kalmar siffofin.

Definition lokuta dauki a kan. Amsa tambaya "Wa? Me? - wani hali ", nan da nan za ka iya ce cewa wannan shi ne da genitive hali, domin shi ne ke da alhakin wa] annan al'amurran. Kowane yana da mace-mace al'amurran da suka shafi ne da sauki don amfani ga kayyade matsayi na kalmar a cikin tambaya.

Kamar yadda ya bayyana ta affixes?

Ƙayyade da hali zai iya zama ba kawai a kan, amma kuma a kan endings. Wasu affixes sun kusan gyarawa endings cewa ya dogara ne a kan irin, yawan da declension (sunaye). Saboda haka, ga kalmomi a cikin mata, mufuradi, nominative hali 1 of karkatar zai zama dacewa karshen "a", "I".

Idan kun haɗu da wata homonymy, za ka iya kokarin sanin ko hali syntactic hanya (via shawarce kuma prepositions ko tsari na kalmomi a cikin jumla). Amfani da wasu hanyoyi, misali, sau da yawa yana amfani da hanyar na canzawa, a lokacin da sauya suna "fox" maimakon data kasance kalma ko "Masha". Don sanin da annoba suna kuma karfafa amfani da duka biyu na harka batun.

Affixes da su tambayoyi

Kowane hali yana da wasu al'amurran da suka shafi. Nominative amsoshin da tambaya "wanda? Abin? ", The genitive harka -" wanda? abin da ", dative -" wanda? Abin da "accusative -" Wa? ? Wannan "na'urar -" ta wanda? fiye da "prepositional -?" game? abin? ". Za ka iya amfani da wadannan tambayoyi domin sanin sunaye da kuma manufofi na lokuta.

Wasu affixes ma da ƙarin pretexts da wanda ƙayyade abin da wuri daukan da kalmar a cikin jumla, da kuma yadda ya kamata a dismantled. Don sanin ko annoba yiwu kafin fassara kalmomi zuwa musanya ƙarin Tsarin, misali, ga genitive - "babu" (babu daya abin da?), Gama dative - "ba", accusative - "zarge" instrumental - "halitta", prepositional - " na ce. "

Siffofin lokuta a Rasha harshen

A lexical ma'anar lokuta da aka harhada a kan tushen da rawar da suka taka a cikin jumla. Idan harka form iya zama ba fãce a cikin kalma daya, shi ne ake kira prislovnoy. Idan haka al'amarin form tana nufin nan da nan zuwa ga tsari, shi ne ake kira mai determinant.

Determinant nau'i ne yawanci a farkon jumla, shi ne ba a hada a cikin jumlar, ya kafa sautin ga dukan jumla. Tambaya shi ya kamata a kafa a kan tushen da duk ko kalamai, ko da duka jumla a lokaci daya. Dubi shi a da tayin ne mai sauki isa, wannan yawanci ba matsala ko dai makaranta ko dalibai.

Janar lexical ma'anonin lokuta

Dabi'u lokuta na iya zama mai zaman kansa, ko shared, kuma su selection na tayi taka wata babbar rawar a cikin ginin kalma, tare da taimakon shi ne zai yiwu a nan gaba don nazarin data kasance bada shawarwari da kuma tantance su nahawu tsarin. Amsa tambaya "Wa? Me? - wani hali, "yana da muhimmanci a tuna da biyu yiwu dabi'u.

The abu darajar hali na nufin cewa, a matsayin wani abu na nufin mataki da cewa an directed a gare shi. Lokacin da darajar hali subektnosti mataki yi da batun, wanda ya nuna da aboki a cikinta. Attributive darajar iya bayyana dangantaka tsakanin dama na fadiwa. Tare da adverbial dabi'u ba zai iya sanin ko jiha da batun daga ra'ayinsa na halayyar adverbial dangantakar. Waje na wannan category ne m, kuma ya cika da darajar da cewa na iya bukatar kalmomi biyu a hade da wannan hali siffofin.

Private dabi'u na lokuta: nominative

Bayan da asali dabi'u iya samun affixes da kuma masu zaman kansu, wanda za a iya bayyana bayanai kawai mallakan makarantar sakandare matakin. A makaranta dalibai ana tambayarka don sanin ko hali kawai a general ji, wani lokacin saboda shi akwai kurakurai da cewa ba zai iya ba da damar ko da malamin, dogon-manta makarantar sakandare shirye-shirye.

Nominative iya samun tsakiya, haƙiƙa, wani predicate, appositive, attributive, m-cika da adverbial darajar. Akwai kuma gabatar da nominative a nan, maganar da ke cikin wannan yanayin, domin kafa wani topic for kara ci gaba da labarin.

Private dabi'u QFontDatabase lokuta: genitive

Ji da tambaya, "Wa? Me? - wani hali, "akwai yar shakka cewa wannan ne genitive ?. Connotation genitive kasu kashi priimennoe priglagolnoe da ilimin harsuna a cikin wannan yanayin ne bayyananne isa, na farko halayyar a hade tare da sunan R. n, da kuma na biyu -. Tare da fi'ili.

Genitive priimenny yana da wani musamman darajar, ko hali, kuma na dukan, ingancin kima, fasalin kafofin watsa labarai abu. Akwai kuma kara yanayin batu ko tamanin da mataki, da kuma samuwar m da kuma cika dabi'u kamar partitive irin.

Genitive priglagolny kuma ya amsa wannan tambaya "wanda? abin? ", wani hali ne domin sanin ko akwai wani matsala. Yana yana da wani kai tsaye abu darajar a cikin tunani wani abu ko korau, kazalika da tsammanin darajar (tare da ya dace fi'ilai: request so ka nemi, da dai sauransu ...).

Private dabi'u QFontDatabase lokuta: dative

Dative da priimennymi priglagolnymi yana da musamman dabi'u. A cikin farko idan shi ne mai darajar da wani waje abu cewa aika wani mataki a kayyade da fi'ili. Har ila yau priglagolny dative iya samun darajar gabar a m sentences, a lokacin da ya kira mutum da fuskantar da yanayin, ko haddasawa.

Dative priimenny da wuya a yi amfani da zamani Rasha harshen da, a gaskiya, ya mayar da da lexical ma'anar dative siffa. A wasu lokuta, shi ne iya zama attributive darajar da ciwon touch of makõma: ciyar da kifi.

Private dabi'u QFontDatabase lokuta: accusative

Accusative priimenny a cikin zamani Rasha harshen kusan ba ya faruwa, don haka ne yafi amfani priglagolny ma'ana da magana daga cikin abu na gaba da tsallakawa fi'ilai, ko da darajar da matakan na sarari da kuma lokaci.

Private dabi'u QFontDatabase lokuta: ablative

Instrumental sau da yawa yana da darajar priglagolnym mataki bindigogi, batu, abun ciki, da kuma adverbial darajar. Suna duka ko ta yaya bayar da shawarar wani aiki. M, kuma ya cika a-ablative-predicative darajar isasshe kusa da juna da kuma amfani da fi'ilai "riyãwa zama sauti," da dai sauransu Instrumental priimenny - .. nadiran a cikin harshen, shi yawanci ya mayar da priglagolnye darajar.

Private dabi'u QFontDatabase lokuta: prepositional

Prepositional m yana priglagolnymi abu da kuma adverbial dabi'u cewa suna hade da ko dai yanayin, majiyai, tunani ko magana da wuraren kusa da mataki da za su faru.

Prepositional priimenny wuya amfani, kuma yana da irin wannan priglagolnomu darajar. An fi amfani da lokacin da abu sanyã dabi'u, da ingancin, Properties, kuma shi ne determinative hali.

ƙarshe

Affixes da su tambayoyi iya taimaka ƙayyade ba kawai nau'i na kalmomi, amma kuma matsayinsu a cikin jumla, wadda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a dauke da fitar da morphological da syntactic analysis. Idan dole tuntubar da adabi da tunani hali wanda ya sa muka ga wanda ya mutuwar kamata hada da wani musamman kalma.