Turanci lissafi Dzhordzh Bul: biography, aikin

Akuma daga wani matalauci aiki-aji iyali Dzhordzh Bul aka haifa ba a lokacin, a daidai wurin, da kuma lalle ba a cikin zaman jama'a aji. Ya ba da damar girma a ilmin lissafi baiwa, amma da ya yi shi duk da kome da kome.

Dzhordzh Bul: biography

Haife Nuwamba 2, 1815, a cikin harshen Turanci masana'antu birnin Lincoln, Boole ta yi sa'a da da mahaifi wanda da kansa ya sha'awar ilmin lissafi, kuma ya ba darussa da ɗansa. Bugu da kari, ya sanar da shi yadda za a yi Tantancewar kida. Sun George wazo dauki up karatu, da kuma a cikin shekaru na shekaru takwas, ta zarce mahaifinsa kai sanar.

A iyali aboki taimake koyar da yaro na asali Latin, da gajiya a 'yan shekaru. Domin shekaru 12 Bull ya fassara zamanin d Roman shayari. Domin shekaru 14, George ya saku a Jamus, Italiyanci da kuma Faransa. A shekaru 16 da ya zama wani mataimaki malami da kuma sanar a yankunan karkara makarantu a West Riding na Yorkshire. A ashirin, ya buɗe nasa makaranta a garinsu.

Kan gaba 'yan shekaru short lokaci na free lokaci Dzhordzh Bul ya ciyar a karanta ilmin lissafi mujallolin aro a gida Cibiyar makanikai. Akwai ya karanta aikin Isaaka Nyutona "da Principia" da kuma aiki na Faransa masana kimiyya Laplace da Lagrange XVIII da XIX ƙarni "rubutun a kan Celestial makanikai" da "hikimar makanikai". Ya zarar ƙware da mafi wuya a lokacin ilmin lissafi akida, da kuma fara shirya wuya algebraic matsaloli.

Yana da lokaci don motsawa a kan.

tashin taurari

A shekaru 24, Dzhordzh Bul wallafa wani ilmin lissafi mujallar Cambridge University farko da labarin, "Nazarin ka'idar nazari rikirkida" a kan algebraic matsaloli na mikakke rikirkida da bambanci lissafai tare da girmamawa a kan manufar invariance. Kan gaba shekaru goma, da ya star aka tashi da wani m rafi na asali articles, kara bayan ilmin lissafi.

By 1844, ya mayar da hankali a kan yin amfani da combinatorial bincike da kuma ilmin lissafi ayyukan for izuwa kananan da wani iyaka lamba. A cikin wannan shekara domin aikin, da aka buga a cikin Journal na Royal Society "da ilimin falsafa ma'amala," saboda gudunmawarsa ga ilmin lissafi bincike da kuma tattaunawa da hanyoyi na hada aljabara zuwa bambanci da na game ilimin lissafi, ya aka bayar samu lambar zinariya.

Dzhordzh Bul zarar ya fara bincike da yiwuwar yin amfani da aljabara warware dabaru matsaloli. A cikin 1847 "Ilmin Lissafi Analysis na Dabaru", ya ba kawai fadada baya zaton Gottfried Leibniz a kan hulda a tsakanin dabaru da kuma lissafi, amma kuma ya tabbatar da cewa tsohon ne da farko a ilmin lissafi da horo, maimakon falsafa.

Wannan aiki ya sa ba kawai sha'awa da fice dabaru Augustus De Morgan (shawarta Ady Bayron), amma kuma kulla wurin farfesa lissafi a Queens College a Ireland ko da ba tare da karatu a jami'a.

Dzhordzh Bul: Boolean aljabara

Warware daga aikinsu na makaranta, ilmin lissafi baiwa fara delve zurfi cikin nasu aikin, mayar da hankali kan inganta da "Ilmin Lissafi analysis" da kuma yanke shawarar samun wata hanya ta rubuta ma'ana muhawara musamman harshe tare da wanda suka zai zama zai yiwu a yi amfani da kuma shirya da shifran.

Ya zo zuwa ga ilimin harsuna aljabara, uku manyan ayyukan da suke (kuma har yanzu suna) "AND", "OR" da kuma "BA". Wadannan uku ayyuka samar da tushen ta gabatarwa da kuma su ne kawai aiki da ake bukata domin yin kwatanta yadda ake gudanar da asali ilmin lissafi ayyuka.

Boole ta tsarin da aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki, a cikin aikinsa "A nazarin da dokokin tunani, wanda shi ne tushen duk ilmin lissafi theories na dabaru da kuma yiwuwa" a 1854, dangane da wani binary m, da kuma sarrafa tare da kawai biyu abubuwa - "eh" ko "ba", "gaskiya ce" kuma " arya "," a kan "da" kashe "to" 0 "da" 1 ".

Personal rai

A shekara ya aure Mary Everest, 'yar Sir George Everest, bayan wanda aka mai suna da mafi dutse a duniya. Ma'auratan sun biyar mata da maza. Daya daga cikin su, da babba, ya zama wani malamin sunadarai. Wasu da aka hannu a lissafi. Autan 'yar George Boole, Ethel Lilian Voynich, ya zama wani shahararren marubuci wanda ya rubuta da dama ayyuka, mafi mashahuri na wanda shi ne labari "The Gadfly".

mabiya

Abin mamaki, ba da girma na lissafi a tsarar masana kimiyya, da ra'ayin Boole soki ko gaba daya watsi da mafi yawansu ya Sahaban. Sa'a, da American logician Charles Sanders Peirce ya fi bude.

Shekara goma sha biyu bayan buga "Research" Pearce sanya wani gajeren jawabin, ya bayyana ra'ayin Boole na American Academy of Arts da Kimiyya, sa'an nan shafe fiye da shekaru 20, da canza da kuma fadada shi zuwa gane da m ka'idar a yi. Wannan kyakkyawan jagorancin da zane na tushe lantarki dabaru kewaye.

Pierce ya msar tambayar dabaru zahiri ba gina, kamar yadda ya mai girma masanin fiye da lantarki, amma gabatar da wani Boolean aljabara a jami'a Darussan ma'ana falsafa.

A karshen, daya hazaka dalibi, Klod Shennon, ya dauki wannan ra'ayin da kuma ci gaba da shi.

Recent aiki

A shekara ta 1957, George Boole an zabe Fellow na Royal Society.

Bayan da "Research", ya wallafa wani yawan ayyukan ƙwarai, daga abin da biyu mafi tasiri ne "rubutun a kan bambanci lissafai" (1859) da kuma "A rubutun a kan ilimin lissafi na guntun bambance-bambance" (1860). Books amfani da litattafan shekaru da yawa. Ya kuma yi kokarin haifar da kowa Hanyar yiwuwa ka'idar, wanda zai ba da damar data daga yiwuwa na wani tsarin na events domin sanin m Yiwuwar wani taron dangantaka da kayyade ma'ana.

The latest hujja

Abin baƙin ciki, da aikin da aka katse Boulle sa'ad da ya rasu da "feverish colds" a cikin shekaru 49 bayan faruwa 3 kilomita a cikin ruwan sama, da kuma ya lectured a rigar tufafi. Wannan ya tabbatar da zarar more cewa baiwa da kowa ma'ana wani lokacin da kadan a na kowa.

al'adunmu

"Ilmin Lissafi analysis" da "Research" George Boole qaddamar da Boolean aljabara, wanda wani lokacin ake kira Boolean dabaru.

Ya tsarin na biyu dabi'u, muhawara rabuwa a cikin daban-daban azuzuwan, wanda zai iya sa'an nan yi aiki bisa ga gaban ko babu wasu kaddarorin sun sanya shi yiwuwa a yi inferences ko da kuwa da yawan mutum abubuwa.

Aikace-aikace Buhl kai ga halittar aikace-aikace, wanda ya iya taba yi zaton zace. Alal misali, kwakwalwa aka yi amfani a binary lambobi da kuma ma'ana abubuwa, tsari da kuma aiki wanda dogara ne a kan Boolean dabaru. Science, wanda aka dauke kafa Dzhordzh Bul, kwamfuta, bincika msar tambayar tushe na bayanai da kuma ƙidãyar, kazalika da m hanyoyin domin su aiwatar.