The kama da kisa da Louis 16, Sarkin Faransa

A tarihin Turai da dama jihohi ne musamman mai ban sha'awa da kuma m, kamar yadda na ƙarni a cikin wadanda wuraren akwai mutane da yawa events: daga funny to ban tausayi. A karshen zartuwa ga kisa na Louis 16. Wata ila, daga wannan lokacin zai fara labarin yadda Biyar Jamhuriyar Faransa. A mutuwa wannan sarki har abada kawo ƙarshen Faransa bourgeois jamhuriyar.

King kama

An sani cewa Louis ya fairly yarda sarki. A takaice, ya yi biyayya ga bukatun na yunkuri, ya ki cikakkar daular mulkinsu, bayan amincewarsa da kafa wani tsarin mulki irin na gwamnati. Amma ya a lokaci guda kokarin sa matsa lamba a kan yunkuri adawa mafi m sake fasalin. Shi nan da nan ya zama bayyananne cewa dogon ba zai iya ci gaba.

Hakika, ba wanda ya yet tunani a lokacin da cewa yana yiwuwa kisan na Louis 16. Ranar da (21 Janairu 1793) ya fara da cewa da rana, bayan da Turai wadanada karshe gane cewa su ma, mai mutuwa ne.

A sarauta iyali yanke shawarar gudu kasar. A mãkirci aka sadaukar domin wasu daga cikin mafi kusa mutanen da suka 'yan kwanaki sun fi fĩfĩta jirgin shirin. A X hour monarch iyali abincin dare tare da keta yarjejeniya, ya yi magana da kotu, sa'an nan kuma suka duk ya tafi ya kwanta ... Amma shi ne kawai wani bayyanar, a matsayin monarch gidan tare da shi a da kai, yin amfani da sirrin wurare, da suka fito daga gidan sarki, ya zauna a cikin karusarsa.

Da farko jirgin ya faru kamar yadda shirya, amma saboda soyayya Sarkin ta'aziyya (wanda yake shi ne daraja a kalla watsi da karusai), ta aiwatar da aka gane, da kuma birnin Varenna dukan iyalin da aka kama da kuma kama. Ba da da ewa bayan da cewa, akwai da kisan Louis 16. A ranar da wannan taron a Faransa a yau girmamawa a matsayin rana na karshe miƙa mulki ga wata Republican nau'i na gwamnati.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

Janairu 16, 1793 Faransa Yarjejeniyar tattauna uku sosai ban sha'awa tambaya:

• Da fari dai, ko sarki ya da laifi. 683 zabi ga al'ada members, da yanke shawara kusan baki daya.
• Na biyu, maimakon ko yanke shawara don canja wurin masa abin rekõdinsa a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin mutane? Kamar yadda a baya harka, da yanke shawara sunyi baki daya. Babu rinjaye.
• A karshe, abin da azãba kamata a zabe domin wani sarki ... Wannan shi ne kawai batun a kan wanda ra'ayi da aka raba. A lokacin da kisan Louis 16 387 mutanen da zabe a gidan yari - 334 mutane.

Saboda haka, ra'ayi na mutane 53 da aka hukunci, Louis kuma Marie Antoinette aka yanke masa hukumcin kisa. Duk da wannan, a muhawarar da ya ci gaba da dama days. Amma Janairu 19 ya yanke shawara - don yin kisan Louis 16 a lokacin da rana. A Hanyar da aka zabe ya saba, guillotining. Saboda haka, kamawar da kuma kisa na Louis 16 shared da kawai 'yan kwanaki.

Yadda za a amsa kiran shi da sarki?

Duk da yake sarki yana kurkuku a cikin Haikalin Ubangiji. Bayan koyo na yanke shawara na Yarjejeniyar, sai ya tambaye cewa ya cell hana Abbe Edgeworth de Fremont. Kamar yadda daga baya ya tuna, firist, da kansa, biyu daga gare su sun kasance shi kadai domin da yawa hours, kamar yadda sarki ya mai tsanani m tura. Na farko, su duka biyu fashe a cikin hawaye, amma nan da nan, Louis sami ƙarfin da kwantar da hankali.

Ya tambayi firist ya gafarta masa domin haka indelicate nuni da kansa rauni. Sarki ya yarda cewa ya sai anjima zaunã a cikin maƙiyansu, cewa irin kusan kawai m batu kawai ta shãfe shi ba. Bayan haka, Louis gayyaci mazaunin su bi shi a cikin gaba dakin. A firist ya unpleasantly mamaki austerity hukuma: a kan ganuwar ta babu wallpaper, dumama amsa baya earthenware tanda, da kuma duk furniture kunshi kamar wata kujeru da kuma kananan gado mai matasai. Louis 16, Sarkin Faransa (kama da kisa da wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin) dasa kansa a gaban mazaunin.

Baƙin ciki ...

Louis yarda cewa ya aka bar daya kawai guda hali cewa bukatar wani nan da nan bayani. A mazaunin ce cewa a ambaci Duke na Orleans sarki understandingly kuma yayi ajiyar zuci mai zafi. Ya koka kan cewa dan uwansa ya kuma bin son shi mugunta. Louis ya gafarta wa dan uwan da ya ce ya ba ya so ya zama a matsayinsa, saboda "shi zai babu makawa yaudararka."

Amma tattaunawar da aka katse da juyin juya halin Musulunci kwamishinoni. Suka gangaro daga babba benaye na kurkuku ruwaito cewa Sarkin yarda iyali ziyara.

Ganawa da iyali

Na farko shi ne sarauniya, abu ta hannun ɗansa. Ta - Sister Elizabeth Sarki. Dukan su garzaya zuwa cikin makamai na autocrat, kuma a cikin gaba 'yan mintoci za a iya ji kawai sobs. Sa'an nan sarki ya kira a kan duk a ci gaba da cin abinci dakin.

Akwai ba su magana, duk mambobi ne na iyalin kawai kuka kuma hugged juna. Ba da da ewa shi ne lokacin da bankwana. Sarauniya barin, tambayi Louis shakka ganin su gobe. A wannan sarki ya ce chikin protestations ya m soyayya ga iyalinsa, kuma tambaye su yi addu'a ga kanmu da kuma a gare shi.

Da ewa ba bayan, Louis koma ga mazaunin, da karshen jawabin, cewa, sarki yana cikin wani Jihar tsanani m tura. Firist zauna tare da shi har sai da dare, sa'an nan kuma samarwa ga Sarki don ya huta, kamar yadda lura mai zurfi gajiya. Bawan Clary yana falke a bedside na monarch, da kuma mazaunin ya tafi ka huta a cikin kabad, wanda shi ne yawanci barci bawa. Kamar wancan ƙare ranar ƙarshe. Washegari ya faru da kisan Louis 16th ...

The safe na ranar ƙarshe

Bawan Sarki farka a Karfe biyar da safe. Valet fara grooming, da kuma 16 Louis, Sarkin Faransa, a lokaci guda kokarin sa da alkawari zobe, wanda mafi yawa ana boye a cikin wani aljihu watch. Bayan haka, ya sake aika ga mazaunin, wanda ya yi magana na kimanin awa daya. Lokacin da ya gama da wannan, firist bikin Mass, Sarkin dukan cewa lokaci ya tsaya gurfãne a kan danda bene.

Yana da jũna cewa Louis quite a kwantar da hankula. A mazaunin a lokacin da barin Sarki, kuma idan ya dawo, ya gani kamar yadda ya durƙusa kusa da kuka kuma jikinsa tana a rawan jiki. A lokaci guda, har abada more fili alfijir flared da safe sama, da kuma duk kan Paris doke ganguna. Tsakanin bakwai da takwas a cikin safe da masu gadi suna ƙara yin karan a kan ƙofar cell, gano daban-daban pretexts ga wannan. A wannan lokacin da na ji Louis 16? The sarki kisa ya faru a cikin kawai kamar wata hours, amma saboda yana da juyayi domin tabbatar.

Ba da da ewa zuwa buga hanya ...

Wannan Louis lura tare da murmushi cewa masu gadi, a fili, ji tsoro, kamar yadda idan su na da sarki bai dauki guba ko kunar bakin wake ta wata hanyar. A takwas ƙarfe zuwa monarch isa mambobi na gida Municipality. Sarki kuwa ya ba su ya hukuma wasiya da kuma na karshe daga cikin 125 Louis, wanda ya tambayi ba daya daga cikin bashi. Wasu baƙi a farko kangara, amma sai ya yi yarda a yi duk da kananan buƙatun daga sarki. Saboda haka Louis 16, wanda ya riƙi wurin jim kadan azãba kasance, girman remarkably manya da a kwantar da hankula.

Bayan da ya tambaye gadi, "ka sha wahala a 'yan mintuna," da kuma ja da baya sake wa firist. Ya ragu zuwa gwiwoyi da ya tambaye shi ya albarkace shi, domin yana ganin ya bayyana jim kadan kafin Ubangiji ...

Bayan 'yan mintoci na ƙofar akwai murya mai ƙarfi, reminiscent na Louis bukatar tafi. "To, mu je", - ya amince da su da sarki. Mulki m shirun kamar yadda karusa koro hukuncin da juyin juya halin Square. Scaffold a cikin da'irar da aka kewaye da bindigogi, wanda aka aiko zuwa nuna kai tsaye zuwa cikin taron. Filaye ga irin wannan dabarar ne, kamar yadda da yawa daga cikin mãsu kallo da su kansu an dauke da makamai da hakora. Jimawa Sarki ya faru da kisan Louis 16 a Faransa ...

A karshe lokacin da ransa King

Lokacin da karusa tsaya, da monarch, sunã mãsu jũyãwa da firist ɗin, ya ce: "Ina ganin mun zo." Ƙofar karusa bude daya daga cikin executioners. Sarki dan kadan riƙe gendarmes, wanda ya tafi da farko, kuma ya ce da su duba bayan da mazaunin bayan mutuwarsa, kuma babu wanda yake halatta ga cutar da shi.

Sarki hau scaffold kansa, da Gait ya m. A wannan lokaci da ganguna da aka dukan tsiya haka mugun cewa Louis ihu domin shiru. Haushinsa ne irin wannan cewa ya undressed da kansa, sauran a tufafi shirt, wando da kuma safa. A executioners suka zo wurin sarki, da nufin ƙulla, amma ya samun goyon baya daga gare su, kuma ya ce, cewa ba zai tsoma baki tare da kisa, amma suka jũna game to kuskure ya yi amfani da karfi.

Domin support, sai ya juya zuwa ga firist. A mazaunin ce da sarki Louis-shahidi 16 kamata ba tsayayya, saboda tawali'u da ke sa shi yi kama da Almasihu. A mayar da martani, da monarch ya fara magana a cikin abin da ya gafarta dukan da kuma kira tilasta jindadin Faransa. Amma da kisan sarki Louis 16 ya faru sauri fiye da ya iya ce wani abu.

Yaya ta tsaya

A wannan lokacin, Janar Santerre, wanda ya umarci repossession, tsalle a kan doki gaba. Yana ta ihu umarni, da ganguna fara buga sake, da kuma executioners ya fadi a kan monarch, kokarin ƙulla cewa ga jirgin. Tun da akwai shida daga gare su, da yaki ya kan sauri. Board tare a haɗe a cikinta Louis sa a karkashin ajali wuka na guillotine.

The firist ya jingina zuwa gare shi, kuma ya sanya waswãsi, "Ɗan na St. Louis, zo zuwa sama." A wannan lokaci da Executioner saukar da wuka na guillotine, a thud cewa echoed a cikin square. A lokacin baya, taron suka yi kururuwa, wani bellowed: "Tsarki ya tabbata ga Jamhuriyar," Daya daga cikin executioners gudanar up da ciwo mai tsananin shugaban da kuma nuna shi ga mutane a bugãwa. Kamar haka ya faru da kisan Louis 16 a Faransa. Ya 9 hours minti 10 da safe Janairu 21, 1793.