The jirgin "Olympic": da labarin. "Olympic," Titanic, "" Britannicus "- transatlantic liners

The jirgin "Olympic" ya samu da yawa karin bayanai. A lokacin ƙaddamar da shi shi ne jirgin ruwa da ke dauke a matsayin sabon abin mamaki na duniya. Sai ya shahara a iri na kafin "Titanic", wanda yana da wannan tsarin da kuma ya bayyana bayan shekaru biyu, amma aka nutsar a cikin sosai farko tafiya.

Class liners "Olympic"

Akwai hadisin a Shipbuilding. A cewar ta, da sunan da aka ba wa jirgin, da kuma ayyukan da suke ba da labari. Saboda wannan dalili, talakawa mutane sau da yawa gauraye jirgin "Olympic" na wannan aji na teku liners.

Akwai sun kasance uku. Na farko shi ne "Olympic", gina a 1910. Na biyu shi ne "Titanic", wanda ya zama duniya shahara bayan hadarin.

A karshe jirgin na wannan aji aka mai suna "Britannic". Ya bayyana a kan Hauwa'u na yakin duniya na farko da kuma nan da nan suka fara aiwatar da soja manufa, ciki har da shari ji rauni sojoji. Bayan biyar nasara flights an gurgunta da wani Jamus nawa a 1916.

Shipbuilding masana'antu a farkon karni XX

A lokacin wadannan shekaru, da farar hula rundunar kasashen Turai da aiki, yafi da cewa mamaya sabon gudun records, kuma mafi m deben hanyoyi domin samun m yankuna. Atlantic Ocean ya zama mafi muhimmanci fiye da yadda wani hanya, kamar yadda akwai cruising tasoshin daga azumi-girma United States zuwa Turai da kuma mayar. Hawa m lodi da manyan yawan baƙi. Wani muhimmin alama na zamanin - da kara kishi tsakanin manyan kasashen duniya a kan Hauwa'u na yakin duniya na farko.

Birtaniya shipping kamfanin White Star Line cewa tseren rasa. Its main fafatawa a gasa ne da Jamus da kuma sauran English manufacturer - Cunard Line. A karshen zama cikin masana'antun shugaban tun da masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a cikin teku zo biyu sabon ƙarni shafi - "Mauritania" da "Lusitania." Ba su sãɓa ba kawai manyan a size, amma rundunar halaye. "Lusitania" a cikin 1907 m gudun rikodin a cikin Atlantic ruwa, wanda ya kasance daga kai har ma fiye da shekaru 20.

Da wannan bango, da tycoon Dzhon Morgan, wanda shi ne maigidan da White Star Line, ya yanke shawarar outdo gasar da kuma kafa wa injiniyoyin da aiki na samar da wani abu da gaske girma. A wannan aikin ya kasance cikin jirgin "Olympic" da kuma biyu daga cikin "wa".

halaye na

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran jiragen ruwa, sabon jirgin ruwa sãɓã wa jũna yawa ya fi girma. Su tonnage wuce tonnage na wannan "Mauritania" a cikin rabin. Wadannan girma ba a yarda ya dauki gudun rikodin, da engine zai in ba haka ba ciyar da yawa albarkatun.

Maimakon haka, an amince da cewa fifiko da sabon jirgin zai kasance ta tsanin alatu. Wani amfani ne dauke hadari. A designers da'awar cewa sabon jiragen ruwa unsinkable godiya ga wani tsarin da dama compartments. Idan warwarewarsu zai zama gidaje, da ambaliyar ruwa kawai karamin sashi daga cikin jirgin cewa zai taimaka kiyaye shi da ninkaya.

Wannan amincewa juya a cikin wani bala'i. Idan "Olympic" ne da gaske samu da yawa flights, da "Titanic" - da jirgin alama - ya mutu a sosai farko tafiya.

Engine New aiki a kan boilers, kuma iyãwarsa ne 50 dubu horsepower. A jirgin ruwa dauke da fasinjoji 2.435, bauta wa ma'aikatan 860 mutane. Tsawonsa kamu 269 m, nisa - 18 mita. Wadannan hauka lambobin nan da nan ja hankalin masu latsa kuma jama'a da sabon shiri. Abu mai muhimmanci da haihuwa mashigai ba a shirye su yarda da irin wannan manyan tasoshin, saboda abin da ya gina ginshiƙin gada inda gudu da hanya "Olympic".

Inner shafi gabatarwa aka kasu kashi uku azuzuwan, dangane da solvency na fasinjoji. Special luster daban-daban cin abinci dakin, wanda aka tsara domin fiye da mutane 500, kuma shi ne mafi girma dakin a kan jirgin a duniya. farko aji ciki da aka sanya a cikin style of zamanin.

FarawaEND_LINK

A farko jirgin na shafi gudu daga Birtaniya Southampton zuwa Cherbourg, France, wanda yake a Normandy. Daga can cikin jirgin nan da nan ya tafi New York. Tun da iyo da aka fi mayar haifa da hali na wani gwajin, da ƙungiya bari da AMINCI da amfani da yawa sabon pans, aiwatar da a kan jirgin ruwa. Bisa ga wannan kwarewa, da zanen kaya sun gabatar da wasu canje-canje a cikin gaba aikin na'ura da ake kira "Titanic."

A farkon shekaru na aiki da shi ya faru da yawa da suka faru, wanda, duk da haka, ba na da wani m yanayi domin "Olympic". Wide talla samu karo da jirgin ruwa na soja shafi "Hawk". Ko da yake lamarin ba wanda aka kashe, da fitina fara, rayayye rufe a cikin latsa.

Dalilin wannan shi ne, "Hawk" mallakar jiha jiragen ruwa. White Star Line zargi jirgin ruwa na soja ƙungiya ɓata, amma kotun mulki a cikin ni'imar da kare jam'iyyar. Bugu da kari, shugaban na "Olympic" Smith da aka samu da laifin zãluncinsu, kuma kamfanin ya yi niyya ya biya diyya ga mai shi.

Bayan rushewar da "Titanic"

Idan aiki na "Olympic" da aka fi mayar da nasara, na biyu aji jirgin da aka farfashe a farko jirgin. White Star Line ta suna rataye a cikin balance. Domin shawo kan jama'a kai lafiya, da na kamfanin ya fara sake equipping ta shafi.

Bugu da kari, da ƙungiya fara yajin. Wannan shi ne saboda ya nuna gaskiyar cewa babu wanda ya so ya gudãna a kan jirgin, sanye take da guda jiragen cewa kasance a kan "Titanic". Suna ba da kafa a cikin banrazana dare a Arewa Atlantic.

A jirage an maye gurbinsu. Bugu da kari, designers sun kyautata datsa jirgin ruwa. A shekara bayan rushewar da m "Olympic" ya jũya zuwa ga Amurka.

A yakin duniya na farko

Duk da haka, da yin amfani da "Olympic" kamar yadda wani jirgin ruwa na farar hula zirga-zirga dade ba. Bayan kamar 'yan shekaru da rikici ya fara da Jamusawa, da kuma gwamnatin Birtaniya requisitioned shafi yin soja umarni.

The jirgin bauta a cikin Rum da kuma aka Fitted tare dace manyan bindigogi. Sake kamanni ya kare jirgin da Jamusanci submarines. Ko ta wani hanya, amma "Olympic" ya iya tsira da yaki, nasarar ferrying da rauni zuwa asibitoci. Wannan aka dauke da mu'ujiza, musamman a kan backdrop na twin "Britannica" da kuma mutuwar da fasinja, "Lusitania."

Karshen aiki

Bayan da yaki, da jirgin ya sake yakin. A cikin shekaru 30 da jirgin "Olympic" An riga an dauke technologically rabu amfani jirgin ruwa. Saboda haka, tare da kowane jirgin da ya bayyana cewa nan da sannu za a rubuta kashe for ya da. Sai mai kamfanin garwaya da Cunard Line.

Ya karshe jirgin "Olympic" ya yi a kan saba hanya - daga Southampton a New York. Yana da aka 257 tafiya giant. Duk abin da ka ce, ya na da sa'a. Tarihi da jirgin ya fiye cewa ta twin - da sunken "Titanic" da "Britannicus" tako a kan wani mine.

A kan Hauwa'u na parsing ga ya da karfe furniture da bukkokin da kuma dakunan, kamar yadda wani musamman m dukiyar da aka auctioned da kuma sayar da dama upscale kamfanoni.

Kwatanta da "Titanic"

Wannan kwatanta da shawara da kanta. Mutane kan tambaye game da "Olympic" (jirgin): "Abin da ya faru da shi?". Just kama da "Titanic".

Zai yiwu mafi m, idan ba sufi gaskiya da kwatanta shi ne cewa Edward Smith, wanda ya kasance mai sananne kyaftin na sunken "Titanic", kafin shi ne ya umarce "Olympic". Amma sai ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani transatlantic shafi. Kamar yadda mafi gogaggen memba daga cikin ma'aikatan na kamfanin. An yi imani da cewa ya kashe kansa a lokacin da ya gane cewa babban jirgin ya fara nutsewa a cikin ɓata. "Olympic" da "Titanic" ne ba yawa daban-daban a cikin bayyanar. The kawai gagarumin ƙasa a kan wanda shi yiwuwa a fahimci wanda shi ne wanda, wannan bene A. "Titanic" da aka glazed a wannan wuri, yayin da "Olimik" zauna bude.

Akwai kananan bambance-bambance a rarraba kayayyakin more rayuwa. Kamar "Titanic" - wani jirgin tare da wani cafe a kan na biyu bene. The "Olympic" da irin wannan ma'aikata a wannan wuri da aka ba.