A penultimate yaki da farkisanci: kama Berlin ta Soviet sojojin

A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1945 da Soviet Army kwashe m, zuwa kusa da babban birnin kasar na uku Reich - Berlin. The magabaci da aka ji a ko'ina. A sama, mamaye Krasnozvezdnaya jirgin sama, "Luftwaffe" kusan kome don ƙara yawan man fetur ko abin wuta da jirgin sama, sulke ginshikan cika Jamus hanyoyi, bindigar yawa ba a san tarihi m, ba shi da wani daidai a yau. Flywheel tsaro masana'antu kai Titanic juyin, da rashin goyon bayan sana'a ƙungiya ba ya lura. Kame Berlin ta Soviet sojojin kasance mai foregone ƙarshe, da tambaya da aka kawai a lashe price, bayyana, a ɗan adam rayuwarsu.

Magabcinku

Kusan duk abin da ya rage daga cikin Wehrmacht da Waffen-SS (a farkon watan Afrilu, game da rabin miliyan soja ma'aikata, ciki har da about 200 dubu - a cikin birni), aka mayar da hankali a babban birnin kasar na Reich da makiyayarta. Rashin ci gaba da kan iyakoki da kuma rashin bege na nasara bai hana Adolf Hitler taurin batun umarni tsoratarwa ciki, samar da kisa ga duk wanda ya ba so ka ci gaba da yaki har sai da na karshe harsashi. A sarrafawa yanayi a halin yanzu ya samo asali fiye kuma mafi catastrophic. 3rd Panzer Army, wanda kidaya a kan Jamus High umurnin ya daidaita katange da dakarun na 2nd Belarushiyanci Front, ya haye da gabaci River zuwa yãƙi.

Madauwari Lines na tsaro sun uku, mafi m daga abin da yake a cikin band na 30-40 kilomita daga tsakiyar birnin. A da kungiyar da aka dauka la'akari da yanayin halitta ruwa cikas da ƙasa. Average lamba maimaita shaci kewaye waƙoƙi, wasa da muhimmancin da bel hanya a kan wanda zai iya rubuce hada da arziki a yi shi ne matsala saboda rashin tsaron albarkatun. A tsawo da aka gudanar a kan ribace-ribace da ke dauke da babban daya. A cikin birnin da aka kashi tara tsaron yankunan. A general, da Wehrmacht kwamandojin yi duk abin da zai yiwu ya hana kama Berlin ta Soviet sojojin. A takaice, wadannan matakan da za a iya bayyana a matsayin mara amfani. Fatan ga tunani kai hare-hare da kuma mika mulki ga m akwai wani.

A overall dabarun da shirin da kuma yanayi

Afrilu 2 kudi da aka ƙaddara da tambaya da wanda zai gudanar da wani kai tsaye management aiki. Stalin yanke shawarar cewa kama daga Berlin ta Soviet sojojin kasar za su daidaita da janar hedkwatar, kuma ya shiryar da shi nada Marshal Zhukov, wanda da sauri ya tashi da jirgin sama zuwa aiki yanki na Moscow. Na biyu zai yiwu bambance-bambancen karatu na rinjãye na Jamus babban birnin kasar (da kewaye da kuma kai farmaki) aka zaba a matsayin wanda ya fi accelerates ta fall. Afrilu 16 ya fara wani janar m. City karkata da line na tsaro zo a karkashin manyan bindigogi wuta da kuma iko iska karfi bamai. A Afrilu 20, da hari da suka fara, da kuma 21st Panzer yajin za'ayi kãmun kudancin makiyayarta. A mafi m juriya jiran kusa Seelow Heights inda abokan gaba su hana Soviet sojojin amfani alamar ban tsoro sauti da kuma spotlights (fiye da 140 guda) tare da biyu buga tank sojojin. Afrilu 25 janar birni yanayi ya zama gaskiya, da mãsu bãyar da bãya Jamusawa ba da babu inda ya tafi.

Yãƙi a cikin birni

Janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da duk yiwu albarkatun kawai ya karu da yawan wadanda suka jikkata a garesu. Extemporaneous mayakan Volkssturm da Hitlerjugend mutu a farko fadace-fadace tare da gogaggen Soviet sojojin. gida, ya juya a cikin goyon bayan harbe-harben da maki, a rushe karkashin kafuwar manyan bindigogi da kuma kai hari da jirgin sama. Dunbin wedges zuwa garin kusata da 2nd bangare na Belarus, da farko da na biyu gefuna Ukrainian. Resistance, duk da haka, ya kasance m. A lokacin daga 26 zuwa 28 Afrilu, akwai wani bala'i, kusan disorganized sojojin sansanin gari da aka yanka a cikin sassa uku, kama a tarko a kadaici. Yana da aka karya da mahada tsakanin su, da za'ayi a baya a kan layukan tarho aza a Tunnels. Coordination ya yiwu har sadarwa rijiyoyin hatches Red Army bai jefa wani gungu na da gurneti.

Kame Berlin ta Soviet sojojin ya faru, a cikin hãlãye, suka mayar da su cikin cibiyar, wahala babbar asara, amma ya dakatar da su ya gagara. Yadu amfani yi na kai hari kungiyoyin, kuranye kwata bayan kwata. 28 ga watan Afrilu 3rd Shock Army na 1st Byelorussian Front zo zuwa ga Reichstag.

Reichstag

Jamus majalisar kare a total na biyar dubu mutane, wanda dubu makeshift sojojin da aka directed akwai a watan Afrilu, da kuma sauran sun akwai a sakamakon m sabunta bayanan da kayan haɓaka aiki. By da yamma na Afrilu 30, da Soviet sojojin gudanar ya karya cikin, kuma ya fara mafi ban mamaki karo na yaki, reminiscent na ga azabar wani mortally rauni, amma har yanzu m dodo. Wannan dade har zuwa safe a ranar May 1, har al'arshin ne ba zareyal ja flag yana nufin cewa kama daga Berlin ta Soviet sojojin zahiri kammala. Wasu Aljihuna na juriya suppressed ko da dare. Bayan Reichstag fada nan da nan mãsu sallamãwa ƙungiyoyin sojoji biyu da sauran karfi da garu yankunan - Spandau Zoobunker. Saboda haka, kwanan na kama na Berlin ta Soviet sojojin - May 2, 1945.

Results da hadayu

Kawai a lokacin da wani yunkurin tsaro na Reichstag m ba da rayukansu don fiye da dubu biyu da masu kare ta. 125 000 fararen hula shafa na Berlin titi yãƙi. A lokacin aiki gaba daya hallaka saba'in dakaru da kuma 23 mechanized rarrabuwa. Daga cikin jimlar yawan rabin miliyan sojojin da hannu a cikin tsaro na birnin, sun rai har yanzu kadan fiye da 134 da aka kama dubu.

Berlin aka kusan gaba daya hallaka. A musamman:

• gaba daya rushe - 30,000 gine-gine.
• rabin-hasãra - 150 dubu gidaje.
• Mun sami wani talakawan lalacewar - 150 dubu gine-gine.
• Fashe-tsaron gida a lokacin da kokarin ci gaba da Soviet m 225 gadoji.
• daya bisa uku na Metro tashoshin a Hitler ta da umarni aka flooded tare da boye akwai daga harbe-harben mutane.

A cikin yaki don Berlin ta kashe fiye da 78 dubu Soviet sojojin.

Sun yi wani feat cancantar da lakabi na Hero, fiye da ɗari shida da sojoji na Red Army, wanda 13 - sake.

War bayan Berlin

Bayan kama Berlin, Soviet sojojin 'yanci Prague, a cikin abin da sauran ɓangare na SS kokarin tsara karshe "bloodbath" m' yan ƙasa. Fulminant tank jħfa tsaya karshe Turai hearth wuta na yaki. Yana kunya, watakila, aka kashe da kuma mutilated a ta kwanaki na arshe kuma hours, amma wannan shi ne rabo na soja.

Czechoslovakia - karshe kasar, 'yanci ta Soviet sojojin bayan kama Berlin, amma yaki da aka har yanzu faruwa, da kuma sojoji, wani lokacin tuki da gidajensu, ya tafi da Far East. Akwai su da aka jiran ta faɗa da Japan. Amma shi ke wani labari ...