"The Iron Curtain" - a siyasa cliché. Kalmar "Iron Curtain"

Real baƙin ƙarfe labule bayyana a sinimomi a cikin marigayi 18th karni. A scene aka lit mafi yawa daga kyandirori, don haka akwai ko da yaushe hadarin wuta. A hali na wuta tsakanin mataki da masu sauraro saukar da labule na baƙin ƙarfe, da An katange wuta.

Amma kalmar "Iron Curtain" ya bayyana a kowa na lebe ba dangane da ranmu a sinimomi na Renaissance. Wannan shi ne wani siyasa cliché, da ake kira mai wuya lokaci a cikin tarihin duniya.

"Iron Curtain" a siyasa terminology

"The Iron Curtain" - a siyasa misãli, wanda ke nufin siyasa, tattalin arziki da kuma al'adu kadaici na kasar, a wannan yanayin da Tarayyar Soviet, daga sauran jihohi.

Wane ne marubucin magana?

M marubucin dangana ga Churchill, amma ba haka. Don zama sosai madaidaici, da farko shi ya yi amfani da misãli daga wani Rasha Falsafa Vasily Rozanov a cikin littafinsa "Apocalypse na Our Lokaci", rubuta a 1917. Ya kamanta abubuwan da suka faru na Oktoba juyin juya halin da Theatrical yi bi ta "tare da wani clang, creak," kika aika wani ƙato baƙin ƙarfe labule na Rasha tarihi. Babu wani abu mai kyau da ra'ayin ne, bisa ga Rozanov, bai zo da shi, a kan m guda masu sauraro, duba shi duka, ba zato ba tsammani ya zama tsirara kuma rashin gida.

Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin Paris zaman lafiya taro ne mai magana amfani da firaministan Faransa Zhorzh Klemanso, a cikin jawabin. Ya bayyana aniyarsu na kafa wani jari hujja kasashen kusa Bolshevism babbar baƙin ƙarfe labulen don kare rayuwar yammaci daga pernicious tasiri. Unknown, ya aro misãli Rozanov, ko fito da naka. Duk abin da ya, yana da succinct magana zo a cikin m amfani kawai kusan shekaru 30 bayan Churchill ta magana.

Amma kafin wannan (Maris 1945) aka ma rubuta wata kasida Yozefa Gebbelsa kira "Shekara 2000". Farga da kusanci na Jamus ta sha kashi, da Nazi farfaganda ministan so a kalla a embroil masõyan cewa lokaci - da Amurka da kuma Birtaniya - da kuma kafa su a kan Tarayyar Soviet, ta kwatanta m yiwuwa ga nan gaba, idan da Jamus mika wuya. Rasha fadada zuwa gabas da kuma kudu-maso-gabas da Turai, sai ya kira wannan lokaci "Iron Curtain". Wannan zato tabbatar da annabci.

A shekara daga baya, da kalmomi na Goebbels fara sannu a hankali zo gaskiya. To, akwai firaministan kasar Birtaniya, Winston Churchill, so ka yi gargadi da Amurka na musayar hatsarin Bolshevism, sanya sanannen jawabin a Fulton, wanda aka dauke masomin na "Cold War". A cewar shi, da "baƙin ƙarfe labule" - shi ne don ware Tarayyar Soviet daga wasu ƙasashe. Ya sanar da cewa, abin da irin na kasar za su zama a ƙarƙashin rinjayar gurguzu Jamus, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Austria, Romania, {asar Yugoslavia. Kuma haka ya faru.

Yadda ya yi da "baƙin ƙarfe labule" a cikin Tarayyar Soviet

Tun shekarar 1946 Stalin ya gina a kusa da Tarayyar Soviet "kiwon lafiya da'irar" da "abokantaka" gurguzu jihohi su hana soja shiga tsakani. Duk da cewa ya kasance kamar a kasashen yamma, da aka ayyana cutarwa da kuma detrimental. Duniya for Soviet jama'a da aka raba baki da fari, wato, jari-hujja da gurguzanci. Kuma da harshen wuta zuba biyu takaddama jam'iyyun.

Bugu da kari ga tacit adawa, da initiators da rikici sun bayar da qiyayyarsu na hukuma ya shiga cikin kishiya kwadago. A shekarar 1949, Arewa Atlantic Alliance (NATO) da aka halitta, kuma a shekara ta 1955 - ya sanya hannu a Warsaw yarjejeniya.

A bayyane alama ce wannan adawa na biyu siyasa da tsarin shi ne erection a 1961 na Berlin Wall.

Tataccen dangantakar dake tsakanin bipolar duniya da kuma tasiri a kan tattalin arziki da cinikayya da kuma dangantakar da ke tsakaninsu da rijiyoyin na jihohi.

Bugu da kari, da kafofin watsa labaran yammacin sun halitta mai yawa camfin da Legends game da rayuwa a kasar inda tsallake da "baƙin ƙarfe labule". Shekaru na kadaici yi nasu.

Rayuwa bayan da "Iron Curtain"

Kamar yadda irin wannan kadaici shafi rayuwar talakawa}?

Da farko, suna da wani mai iyaka damar samun a baya da kan iyaka da Tarayyar Soviet (tafiya zuwa "m" kasashe ba su ƙidaya, saboda duk abin da yake da kyau, yana da matukar reminiscent na Soviet gaskiya). Raka'a shi ya yiwu, amma a tabbatar an bi su m sabis jamiái.

Kullum, da KGB iya gano game da rayuwar kowa da kowa kome. Jama'a da "unreliable" views sun kasance kullum a kan bayanin kula daga hukumomin leken asiri. Idan wani ba daidai ba ne daga cikin ra'ayi na jam'iyyar imani da cewa shi zai iya sauƙi bayyana maƙiyi daga cikin mutane, kuma a tsawon shekaru da ya nufi ko dai mahada ko harbi.

Mazauna na Tarayyar Soviet da aka musamman iyakance a zabi na tufafi, kayan aiki da sufuri. Sa'an nan manufar "gaira". Samun wani abu worthwhile (real jeans, sigari "Marlboro" ko rikodin "The Beatles") shi ne kawai zai yiwu a cikin dogon Pull. "Iron Curtain" a cikin Soviet Sphere da tasiri da kuma al'adu: da yawa Turai da kuma Amirka, fina-finai, littattafai, songs aka kawai dakatar.

Kamar yadda shi da aka halakar da

"The Cold War" dade fiye da shekaru 40. A wannan lokaci, duka biyu superpowers sun gaji da makamai tseren. A shekarar 1987, wata kwangila da aka sanya hannu game da halakar kasashen biyu na wasu iri makamai masu linzami. Bugu da ari, Tarayyar Soviet ta janye daga kasar Afghanistan. A sabon babban sakataren Mikhail Gorbachev halin canja da kasashen waje da manufofin da ke jihar. A shekarar 1989, da Berlin Wall fadi. A shekarar 1991, suka daina wanzuwa da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Kamar wancan ne da proverbial "baƙin ƙarfe labule" a kan post-Soviet sarari karshe an tãyar da su.

"The Iron Curtain" - a tarihi darasi, ga abin da yawa ya biya mai girma price.