Tafsiri - menene wannan? Littafi Mai-Tsarki tafsirin

Tafsiri - musamman sashe na tauhidin. Yana fassara Littafi Mai Tsarki ko wani tsarki texts. By kuma manyan, wannan shi ne rukunan fassarar texts, yawanci tsoho, wanda ya kafa tushen da wani addini. Wata alama wadannan ayoyin shi ne cewa su na asali ma'anar, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ba shakka daga manyan yawan shekaru da suka wuce tun bayan da aka rubuta, da kuma bai cika tsare.

A definition

Tafsiri - ne kimiyya da yake rufe da nazari na nahawu da rubutu. Shi ne m zuwa ma nazarin tarihi suke da su, a cikin abin da rubutu da aka halitta. Sau da yawa yana taimaka tsayar da ma'anar gaske ta rubuta abu. Akwai kuma m bincike.

Tafsiri bude mana wani, mafi m kimiyya - hermeneutics. Wadannan sharuddan sukan kuskure amfani da ma'ana, amma shi ba. Hermeneutics, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da tafsirin, ke tsunduma a cikin tafsirin dukan nau'i na sadarwa - da kuma rubuta, da kuma fi'ili da kuma wadanda ba fi'ili. Tafsiri kuma aiki na musamman tare da rubutu.

Tafsiri na Kristanci

Very kowa Littafi Mai Tsarki tafsirin. Mutane da yawa Kiristoci fassara Littafi Mai Tsarki daban. Saboda haka da rabo daga cikin Orthodox da Katolika, kazalika da zargin sauran rassan daga babban coci - Reform, Anglican. Amma duk da haka m duk fassarori Littãfi tsare da biyu Concepts.

Na farko shi ne cewa Littafi Mai Tsarki kansa - shi ne wahayi na Allah. Duk wanda ya rubuta shi, wahayi zuwa daga sama. A sakamakon, tafsirin kamata nemi a kowane rubutu biyu ma'anar, wani mafi bayyanannun kuma ba ko da yaushe a fili bayyana.

Akwai wani ra'ayi. A ake kira m tafsirin - koyarwar cewa ya zo daga karshe da marubutan Littafi Mai Tsarki sun talakawa mutane. Saboda haka ma'anar rubuta shi dole ne, a nemi a cikin hakikar da na zamanin lokacin da rubutu da aka halitta. Kuma ma daga cikin halaye da kaddarorin daga cikin mutum halin da mutanen da suka halitta wadannan texts.

Comments a cikin Littafi

Mafi na kowa irin tafsirin da Kristanci - shi ne sharhin a kan Littafi Mai Tsarki. Matsayin mai mulkin, su ne Multi-girma aiki, wanda shi ne mafi kamar wani kundin sani fiye da wani bayani da janar ledger na daya daga cikin addinan duniya.

Kowace daga cikin kundin na irin comments da aka sadaukar domin daya ko fiye Littafi Mai Tsarki littattafai. Don da XX karni, comments haifar da fassara marubuci, ya hankali da kuma daki-daki, ya bayyana ganewa na alfarma texts. Yau irin comments Halicci kungiyar na marubuta, wanda kowannensu yana da zaka tantance daya daga cikin littattafan.

Comments ne daban-daban daga daya wata hanya zuwa ga fassara mutum littattafai na Littafi Mai Tsarki. Yawancin lokaci ya dogara a kan denomination, wanda aka raba da marubucin. Suna kuma bambanta da daidaito, zurfin, ikon m da kuma tauhidin tunani.

A Katolika, akwai ma na musamman cibiyoyin inda tafsirin Littafi Mai Tsarki - mafi muhimmanci, abin da members. A cikin Protestant al'adar Bible fassarar tsunduma a cikin jami'o'i. Mai bincike a cikin wannan filin aiki a Amurka da kuma Jamus.

Aiki a kan tafsirin

Daga cikin Orthodox dauke da babban aiki na da marubucin Andrew Desnitsky - "Gabatarwa ga Littafi Mai-Tsarki tafsirin."

A wannan aikin ya yi ƙoƙari ya zo a hada, daban-daban wakilci na alfarma texts, wanda ya wanzu a dukan nau'i na addini makarantu hauza, Littafi Mai Tsarki da'irori. A ra'ayin na rubutu da irin wannan aikin da aka haife a lokacin da Desnitsky fassara Littafi Mai Tsarki zuwa wasu harsuna. A sa'an nan ya lura cewa mutane da yawa gane da wannan littafi quite daban.

A duk Orthodox makarantu daki-daki nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki da rubutu, amma ba sanar da yadda za a fassara shi.

Asalinsu shi ya kamata ya zama m jagora ga fassarar Littafi Mai Tsarki, duk da haka Desnitsky lokaci gane cewa, irin wannan masana quite a bit, don haka rubuta littafi mai da hankali a kan wani sosai kananan da'irar masu karatu, shi ne bai dace ba.

Saboda haka na samu wani manual ga duk wanda yake so ya san kamar yadda suka fade da ma'anar gaske ta Littafi Mai Tsarki texts. Bayan duk, a cikin m ji, duk wanda ya karanta addini texts tafiyad da translation, kokarin bayyana wa kansu cewa zuba jari a cikin wadannan ko wasu kalmomi.

Popular ne ma a kai "Tafsiri na Sabon Alkawari." Its marubucin - Gordon Fee. Tare da taimakon da dalibai na tauhidin makarantu da kuma fastoci iya fahimtar wa'azin dabi'u. Samun m shawara da shiriya.

Tafsiri na Tsohon Alkawali janyo hankalin mafi tsoho Marubuta, manazarta. Aikace-aikace a kan wannan topic za a iya samu a Ioanna Zlatousta, Blazhennogo Avgustina, Philo.

Tafsiri a Yahudanci

Musamman na kowa tafsirin a cikin Yahudanci. Yana ko da yana da lokaci domin wannan kimiyya - meforshim. A fassarar tsarki texts sadaukar da dama wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu.

Alal misali, Mishnah. Wannan shi ne farkon rubutu a Yahudanci, wanda ya hada da babban arziki na Orthodox addini shugabanci na wannan imani. A Mishnah hada da na baka dokar, wadda bisa labari, da aka mika wa Musa a bisa Dutsen Sina'i. A tsawon lokaci, akwai tsanani da damuwa da cewa baka koyarwa manta da bace daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na mutane, don haka aka yanke shawarar zuwa rikodin.

Akwai da yawa comments a kan Mishnah, wanda samar da tushen Yahudawa tafsirin. Mafi mashahuri rubuta da matafiyi kuma rabbi, Rabbi Ovadia, wanda ya rayu a cikin XV karni. Yana kuma aka kira Bartonura ko Bertinura. A cikin rubuce-rubucen, ya bayyana duk yankuna kunshe a cikin Mishnah, don kokarin bayar da cikakken da cikakken fassarar kowane daga cikinsu.

Talmud

Zai yiwu mafi m littafin, kishin addinin yahudawa ne Talmud. Ya ƙunshi wani dozin kundin, wanda bayyana a cikin daki-daki, da shari'a da kuma addini-da'a matsayi na Yahudanci.

Masana kimiyya suna aiki a wani sharhin a kan Talmud, shi ne har yanzu aiki da kuma m. The rubutu kullum adapts ga muhalli zamanin, a cikin abin da marubucin zaune. Saboda haka tafsirin - ne kimiyya da cewa mai yiwuwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci su canza ainihin matsayin da idan sharhi na baya ƙarni buɗe sama sabon bayanai a kan lokaci da kuma al'adu, da lokacin da halittawa da Littattafai rayu.

New edition daga cikin rubuce-rubucen suna kuma da aka buga a kai a kai, wanda sa a kan tushen da farko kundin na Talmud. Zai yiwu mafi muhimmanci sharhin a kan Talmud, Rabbi Eliyahu rubuta.

Comments kishin Talmud ya bayyana a kowace shekara. Haka kuma, a cikin harsuna daban daban. Daya daga cikin mafi m ayyuka a cikin XX karni aikata wani sananne Isra'ila masanin Adin Shteynzalts. Ya rike wani Titanic aiki a kan fassarar da kuma goyon baya na dacewa sharhin da Talmud ba kawai a Hebrew, amma kuma a cikin rare duniya harsuna - English, Rasha, Faransa da sauransu. Its main burin da aka wa Yahudanci ya zama m da m ga jama'a.

A buga su Talmud ya bayyana ma'anar da yawa kalmomi kuma Concepts rabu amfani. A wannan yanayin, da Orthodox hukumomi na wallafe da aka soki don na ma sako-sako da, a cewar wasu, fassarar kuma fassara.

midrash

Midrash - wani Popular sashe na baka Attaura, wanda ya} unshi jajircewar da hadisin a cikin tafsirin. Yana hada bincike da kuma fassarar key arziki na Yahudawa koyarwar cewa suna dauke da ba kawai a cikin jawabin amma kuma a cikin rubuce Attaura.

Da masu bincike lura cewa marubuta daga cikin Midrash biya musamman da hankali ga stylistic da kuma na ginin jumla fasali na rubutu. All m cewa sun hadu, aka sani da su kamar yadda wani allusion zuwa ta alfarma ma'anar. Yana da suka kokarin ware duk yiwu nufin tafsirin da rubutu.

Saboda haka, ko da ya bayyana na musamman fi'ili, wanda yake shi ne musamman na kowa a Yahudanci - "darash". Ya aka binciken wani musamman alfarma ma'anar a cikin tsarki da rubutu, da bege da neman ilimi, sun kashe a cikin rubutu, marubuta da yawa da suka wuce ƙarni.

Tafsiri a Hindu

Tafsiri shi ne na kowa a Hindu. Don fassara Hindu littatafan akwai ko da wani musamman Mazhabar - Mimamsa. Tafsiri a falsafar - shi ne wata dama don gano su Hindu nassosi. Yana Mimamsa yi aiki a matsayin mai iko tutu domin ci gaba na zamanin d India, falsafa da kuma philology.

A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan nasa ne da marubucin Sanskrit Bhartrihari, wanda ya rayu a kusa da V karni BC. Koyarwarsa dogara ne a kan ra'ayin cewa sauti da ma'anar cewa shi Bears, an inextricably nasaba.

Ya main ayyuka - aiki a kan Sanskrit nahawu da rabe-falsafa, kazalika da tarin Sanskrit shayari. Sun zama tushen ci gaban kimiyya ayyukansu a wannan bangare na Asia.

Tafsiri a Musulunci

Rarraba tafsirin a cikin addinin Musulunci. A mafi shahara da kuma cikakken sharhin a cikin Kur'ani garwaya a cikin tarin kira da tafsirin. Su mawallafa, wanda tsunduma a commenting a da fassara alfarma Littafin musulmai, ya kira mufassir.

A Tafseer ba za ka samu sufi da ko esoteric fassarori musulunci texts. A mawallafa yi jihãdi ba zurfi da kuma mafi cikakken fahimtar Alqur'ani. Saboda haka, hadisi na Annabi Muhammadu (ie, labaru game da maganganunsu da ayyukansu cewa Musulmi a yau, mãsu shiryuwa ne a cikin rayuwarsu ta kullum) jayayya da cewa Kur'ani an boye mai yawa fiye da ma'ana fiye da alama da farko kallo. Bugu da ƙari, cikin matakin na fahimtar mai tsarki littafin bakwai.

A yau duniya akwai mazhabobin Musulunci cewa tsananin haramta esoteric fassarar Alkur'ani, kokarin ba wa bude biyu ma'anar rubutu.

Ka'idojin tafsirin

Tafsiri dogara ne a kan da dama da muhimman hakkokin ka'idojin.

Shi ne imani da cewa halittar marubucin alfarma rubutu wahayi zuwa gare ta Allah, da ra'ayin addini adabi, kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Church of Tsarki Hadishi, da hadin kai na sanin mai tsarki littafin da kuma samun ruhaniya abubuwan.