Mononuclear yayi: misalai, iri. Mononuclear m jumla misalai

A cikin sharuddan ginin kalma, jumla - wannan shi ne daya daga cikin muhimman raka'a harshe. An halin na ginin jumla da kuma intonational cikawa da kuma dole nahawu akai. A cikin Rasha da harshen predicative tushe iya kunshi daya ko biyu key members.

A ra'ayi na daya-fili tayi

Iri guda-abun da ke ciki bada shawarwari tare da na gani misalai ne da misali da msar tambayar abu a "ginin kalma" na Rasha harshe.

Syntactic tsarin da tushe kunshi wani batu da kuma predicate, kira biyu-kashi. Misali: Ba na son wani m sakamako (VS Vysotsky).

Bada shawarwari dangane ƙunshi kawai daya daga cikin manyan mambobi ana kira daya-yanki. Irin wannan kalmomi, da cikakken ma'ana da kuma ba ka bukatar na biyu manyan ambatacce. Yana haka ya faru da cewa gabansa ne kawai zai yiwu ba (a cikin m sentences). The ayyukan art suna sosai sau da yawa amfani mononuclear yayi misalai daga adabi: MP goshi da gilashin taga (Mayakovsky). Babu batun, amma yana da sauki don mayar da :. "I" A smallness na duhu (K.K.Sluchevsky). A tsari ya aikata ba, kuma ba zai iya zama batun.

Colloquially sauki mononuclear yayi kowa isa. Misalan su yi amfani da tabbatar da wannan: - Ina je? - A fina-finai.

Mononuclear bada shawarwari kasu kashi daban:

1. denominative (tare da tushe daga cikin magana).

2. A kan tushen da predicate:

• sirri.
• m.

Sassa na hadaddun sentences iya zama mononuclear tayi. Misalai: Ba za mu tabbatar da cewa kyakkyawan lake bãbu kõme a cikin duniya: kowannenmu, wani kuma mai dadi ta gefe (V.G.Rasputin). Wannan zane yana da wani hadadden jumla da ya hada da uku sauki: 1 - daya-yanki m-zaman kansa, 2 - mononuclear m, 3 - biyu-kashi.

Wajibi ne a bincika mononuclear irin bada shawarwari tare da misalai, yafi wakilci a cikin adabi ayyukansu. Wannan zai ba da damar zuwa tara da mafi cikakken hoto na wannan cakude.

Bada shawarwari ya zama

Dalili na nominative bada shawarwari - kawai batun. Daban-daban siffofin magana: sunaye a cikin nominative hali: Spring da nasara (S.A.Vasilev). Ko yankin jumla (suna a cikin nominative + suna a cikin genitive hali ..): hari na songs, da launukanku (S.A.Vasilev).

Denominative bada shawarwari na iya zama na ba yaduwa: Arewa. So. Fatan (VS Vysotsky). Kuma kowa: Land Without Borders (VS Vysotsky), su ne batun kari da definition.

Shakka, na sirri ginin kalma - a irin na sirri

Personal mononuclear yayi misalai na wanda aka bai wa kasa, nuna richness na harshe da kuma hanyar magana da daban-daban tabarau na ma'ana.

Mononuclear ginin kalma, a cikin abin da mutum ya bayyana ƙa'ida, amma an sauƙi mayar, an kira sirri. Suna iya zama na kowa da ba yaduwa. A cikin rawar da wani predicate - guntun aiki (1, 2 persons), a cikin mufuradi ko jam'i, a cikin nuni ko ya zama wajibi. Irin wannan shawarwari wuce na wani takamaiman mutumin (da magana ko da interlocutor). A ayyukan almarar marubuta sau da yawa amfani da category na "daya-yanki m-zaman kansa tayin", misalai na shayari:

• Abinci (SAEsenin) (fi'ili - fi'ili a yanayin nuni 1l, mufuradi).
• Farewell, da teku (Pushkin) (fi'ili-predicate - a zama wajibi form 2 mufradi)!

M-sirri

Wuce ayyukan yi bai tabbata fuska (magana). Fi'ili ne a cikin 3rd mutum, jam'i, ba ko da siga a cikin nuni da matukar siga :

• Amma da mata uku mai suna mayu (VS Vysotsky) (fi'ili - fi'ili prosh.vr., Mn.chisla fata Hooded ..).
• Kuma kada su ce, bari su ce eh, amma - babu, babu wanda ya mutu a banza (VS Vysotsky) (kamar yadda wani predicate - fi'ili a cikin rãyuwar siga, a cikin 3rd l kuma pl.).
• Dã sun riƙe ni, mãkirci na shida da gona wajen kadada kusa da mota factory (Sholokhov) (fi'ili-predicate a cikin nau'i na subjunctive jam'i).

Musamman kowa yana da sirri shawarwari

Wannan rukuni na single-abun da ke ciki yayi wasu masana ilimin harsuna (Babaytseva VV, AA Shakhmatov et al.) Shin, ba ware a raba form, kamar yadda maganganu a predicates ne m definiteness da m-sirri da kuma bambanta kawai a cikin ma'anar. Su shelanta yana da wani ra'ayin kowa darajar. Irin wannan kayayyaki sukan yi amfani da karin magana a cikin da kuma faxinSa: Kuna son fi - kamar asalinsu. Ba su da wani mutum ɗari rubles, da ɗari abokai. Da zarar na ƙarya - taba zama maƙaryaci.

A nazarin topic "mononuclear zaman kansa tayin" misalai ne na bayar da muhimmanci, tun su a fili taimaka domin sanin irin syntactic tsarin da daya daga cikin manyan 'yan, da kuma a rarrabe tsakanin su.

m tayin

Mononuclear m sentences (Misali: Yana samun duhu a farkon amo a kai na ..) Shin daban-daban daga na sirri a cewa shi ne, ba kuma ba zai iya zama batun.

A predicate za a iya bayyana a hanyoyi daban-daban:

• M fi'ili: Yana da aka samun duhu. Ina jin rashin lafiya.
• Fi'ili na sirri rahoto ga m form: A gefe na rigata. Yana rumbled tafi. Kai ne m! Ba zan iya barci.
• Predicative yar bab (jiha category ko m-predicative kalmomi): Shi ne sosai m (IA Bunin). Akwai danshi. Sad.
• Tushen fi'ili: Ba lallai ba ne su kogo a karkashin m duniya (A.V.Makarevich).
• Kalma-negation "ba" da kuma mummunan barbashi "ba": da sama ne cloudless. Lamiri, ba za ka yi ba!

iri predicate a guda-abun da ke ciki bada shawarwari

A Rasha harsuna predicate aka wakilta uku jinsunan:

1. Simple fi'ili. Daya bayyana ta da fi'ili a wani form.
2. Fili fi'ili. Ya kunshi fi'ili tushen fi'ili, da kuma jijiyoyin.
3. Fili sunan. Yana yana a matsayin wani bangare na fi'ili, da kuma sunan da cuta, wanda za a iya bayyana a matsayin siffa, suna, participle ko wani yar bab.

A single-abun da ke ciki bada shawarwari hadu da duk wadannan iri predicates.

Cool (mononuclear m jumla). MISALI predicate fi'ili da saukar m, a yanzu lokaci, amma wanda ya bayyana a baya siga mai sanyi. Part sunan furta jihar category.

A tabbataccen sirri shawara: Bari mu hada hannu, abokai (B.Sh.Okudzhava) -skazuemoe sauki fi'ili.

A m-sirri jumla: Babu wanda ba su so su ji daga gare ku (O.Ermachenkova) - fi'ili - guntun fi'ili + tushen fi'ili.

Mononuclear denominative bada shawarwari - misalai na wani kumshin maras predicate fi'ili da sifili jijiya a cikin rãyuwar siga. Sau da yawa, a lokacin da sanya gaba da nominative demonstrative barbashi: Ga your tikitin, shi ke motarka (VS Vysotsky). Idan nominative bada shawarwari gabatar a baya siga, suna tuba zuwa biyu-kashi shawara. Kwatanta: Was your tikitin, ya motarka.

Mononuclear da bai cika sentences

Wajibi ne a rarrabe tsakanin m biyu-kashi shawara ta daya-fili. A single-abun da ke ciki a cikin rashi na daya daga cikin manyan 'yan ma'anar jumla ba ya canja. A iyaye za a iya yin tsalle wani bangare na jumla, da kuma ma'anar ba za a iya gane waje na mahallin: A akasin - tebur. Ko a yau.

A wasu lokuta yana da wuya a bambanta tsakanin tabbataccen sirri sentences da kuma biyu-kashi bai cika ba. Wannan da farko tana nufin predicate bayyana ta da fi'ili a baya siga. Ga misali: Na yi tunani - kuma fara ci (Pushkin). Ba tare da ainihin mahallin ba za a iya ƙaddara a 1 ko 3 fuska The amfani da fi'ili. Domin ba su yi wani kuskure, shi ne muhimmanci a fahimta cewa wani mutum da aka ba m da fi'ili a baya siga, don haka wannan biyu-kashi bai cika jumla.

Na musamman da tsananin nan akwai bambanci a tsakanin wani bai cika biyu-kashi tsari da nominative, misali: Dare. M dare. da dare a cikin kauyen. Domin kauce wa matsaloli, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa gaskiya - a qananan memba na ga predicate. Saboda haka, jumla "Night a Kasar" - bai cika biyu-kashi tare da wani kumshin maras predicate, a cikin abin da fi'ili part aka tsallake. Kwatanta: dare zo a cikin kauyen. M dare. Wannan nominative shawara domin definition amince da batun, Saboda haka da siffa "m" characterizes babban memba na "dare".

A cikin nazarin ginin kalma, yana da muhimmanci a yi horo, da kuma don wannan shi ne zama dole don nazarin iri guda-abun da ke ciki bada shawarwari tare da misalai.

Rawar da daya-fili sentences a cikin harshen

A rubuce da kuma magana mononuclear tayin taka muhimmiyar rawa. Kamar ginin kalma a wani rakaitacce da succinct form yiwu ga kirkiro da ra'ayin mai haske da kuma m, taimake su gabatar da siffofi ko abubuwa. Su ba kalamai aiwatar da emotionality damar mayar da hankali a kan da ake so batu ko batutuwa. Tare da guda-abun da ke ciki bada shawarwari iya kauce wa ba dole ba lexical maimaitawar magana da.