Ta yaya da yawa lokacin da zones a Rasha da kuma wasu lokaci a kowane daga cikinsu

Kowace rana, your talakawan neputeshestvuyuschy jama'a ciyarwa a ƙasarsa ta gari, ji kalmomin "Shiyyar lokaci" kawai a rediyo, a lokacin da Moscow aika daidai lokaci. A wannan labarin, za mu yi kokarin gabatar da Rasha hour zone. Lokaci da za su iya a fili ba zai zama guda biyu Moscow da Vladivostok. "Me ya sa ba? - tambaya saba karatu. - Bayan duk, zai zama m zuwa kasuwanci na rayuwa. "

Lokacin da ya ji cewa a Moscow 11 hours, kuma a Vladivostok - 18, ya aka ba ko da tunanin nawa lokacin da zones a Rasha, ya ce wa kansa: "Lucky, kuma har yanzu ina da aiki kusan wata rana!"

Amma tsanani magana, yana da muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin kasar, don gudanar da aikin na ma'aikatun, hukumomin, a lõkacin da shirin tafiye-tafiye.

Modern lissãfi. Universal hadewa lokaci

Mutanen da suka yanke shawarar duba cikin lokaci zones, wani lokacin rikita batun da gaban «UTC» Standard English contractions. Abin da ake nufi?

A mafi muhimmanci aiki na astronomical da geodetic bincike ne domin sanin nufin hasken rana lokaci. By definition, shi ne ya bayyana yanayin da motsi na mu main haske a sararin sama. Mafi girman matsayi na rãnã da aka kira da astronomical tsakar rana. Solar rana tsare m saboda da rashin zaman lafiya na duniya ta juyawa, kuma kewayewa karkata Duniya ta axis dangi zuwa ga jirgin sama na kewayar falakinsa a kusa da rana. A view na sama, da Greenwich lokaci ne gyara daidai da, kamar yadda gyara da ake kira "hadewa Universal Lokaci" (rage tsawon in English translation - UTC). Wannan} ir} aiki a duniya tun shekara ta 1970.

Kamar yadda aka auna lokacin da Rasha Empire

Yadda yin lissafi da lokaci a Rasha? A lokacin da na fara batu shi ne ainihin rana haske (daidai da rana) ga mutum yankunan da ƙasa surface. Lighting da aka sani ya zamanto tutur - daga gabas zuwa yamma, da shugabanci na juyawa a matsayin duniyarmu kanta.

Russia kafin juyin juya halin, shiryar da gida hasken rana lokaci, wanda aka lasafta a cikin larduna da wani sauki dabara:

M = T0 + Δ, inda

M - gida hasken rana lokaci.

T0 - Greenwich nufi Lokaci.

Δ - Gwargwadon longitude samu ta hanyar mayar da wani mataki a cikin sa'o'i da minti lokaci.

Bugu da ari, bayan gina babbar hanyar jirgin kasa, tun 1840, masomin ya zama "ya" Firayim Meridian - Pulkovo (wucewa ta cikin Pulkovo Observatory).

TP = T0 + h 2 1 min 18.7 sec, inda TP - St. Petersburg lokaci daya. T0 - Greenwich lokaci.

Domin a more cikakken fuskantarwa masu karatu bari ka san cewa ya dauki bangare a cikin Moscow prospectus da kuma na chasses Pulkovo (St. Petersburg), ta hanyar da tsakiyar birnin na Mogilev, gundumar Juliani Kiev.

Greenwich Meridian - Universal Countdown

Abin lura shi ne cewa lokacin da zones a Rasha da birane har 1920. daura Pulkovo Meridian. Duk da al'amarin a cikin recommendatory yanayin da shawarar da Washington Meridian taro 1884: Take duk ƙasashe matsayin sifili Greenwich Meridian. Ba zato ba tsammani, shi da ke axially sufuri kayan aiki homonymous Laboratory (Larabawa Greenwich, UK) ta hanyar France, Spain, Aljeriya, Mali, Burkina Faso, Togo, Ghana.

A ra'ayi na Shiyyar lokaci

Abin da a Rasha za a iya kira na farko Shiyyar lokaci? Babu shakka, Kaliningrad (amma shi ne na duniya rarrabuwa - uku). Lokacin da mutane magana game da Shiyyar lokaci, sa'an nan ta wannan zai iya fahimta kawai biyu dabi'u. A farko - cikin Gwargwadon Shiyyar lokaci, na gaba "yanki na kankana" ƙasa ta surface tare da wani katako na 15 ⁰ Shan la'akari da cewa sosai farko, sifili, "yanke» ± 7,5 ^0, bi da bi, hagu da dama na Greenwich Meridian. Na biyu - wani administrative Shiyyar lokaci. Me administrative? Haka ne, domin a wani administrative yankin, ba ko da yaushe ne yayi daidai da Gwargwadon zone cewa ne da bin doka ta kafa wani misali lokaci. Mun ci gaba da tattaunawa. Ka yi la'akari da yadda da yawa lokacin da zones a Rasha.

Humushin ƙasar. lokacin da zones

Wakiltar su "sunayen". All suna kaddamarda bisa ga hadewa Universal Lokaci tsarin kamar yadda UTC: da uku Shiyyar lokaci zuwa goma sha biyu har zuwa. A a layi daya, shi ya nuna da "ciki" Rasha tsarin Moscow lokaci - MSK. Yana a zahiri daukan sifili Shiyyar lokaci, wanda shi ne babban birnin na Rasha, Moscow. Duk da cewa shi ne yammacin shi - yana auna da alamar "-" cewa Gabas - "+"

- Kaliningrad lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 3 (MSK-1).

- Moscow lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 4 (MSK).

- Yekaterinburg Lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 6 (MSK + 2);

- Omsk lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 7 (MSK + 3);

- Krasnoyarsk lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 8 (MSK + 4);

- Irkutsk Lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 9 (MSK + 5);

- Yakutsk Lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 10 (MSK + 6).

- Vladivostok Lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 11 (MSK + 7);

- Magadan lokaci. Nadi: UTC + 12 (MSK + 8).

Vyshepredstavlenny jerin kamata a lokaci guda a gane a matsayin amsa ga wannan tambaya: "Ta yaya da yawa lokacin da zones a Rasha." A humushin ƙasar daga 28.03.2010, akwai tara lokaci zones.

Yana da aka 11 da ya 9. Ta yaya?

Da farko, daidai da Greenwich tsarin shi ne 11 lokacin da zones a Rasha. 171 digiri 21 seconds - wannan shi ne tsayin "Birch calico kasar." Bugu da ari, wani ra'ayin ingantawa. "The tsari ya fara", suka fara da magani daga shugaban kasar Dmitry Medvedev ya Tarayya Majalisar 12.11.2009 Ya miƙa don rage yawan lokaci zones, kuma ya bar ta miƙa mulki ga ajiyar hasken rana lokacin da za a inganta tattalin arziki da management. related aiki da dokar tarayya "A cikin Lissafi na Lokaci" da aka gudanar. Ya, a gaskiya, ya kuma bayyana ga yawan jama'a, da yadda da yawa lokacin da zones a Rasha za su kasance a nan gaba.

Misali na reference lokaci domin lokacin da zones a Rasha

Mun nuna yadda za a "aiki" lokaci zones na Rasha da birane. Alal misali, a cikin Moscow Shiyyar lokaci 22-00. Nawa lokaci a cikin sauran? Kaliningrad timezone fix 21-00, Ekaterinburg - 0-00, Omsk - 1-00 (da wadannan rana), Krasnoyarsk - 2-00, Irkutsk - 3-00, Yakut - 4-00, Vladivostok - 5-00, Magadan - 6-00.

ƙarshe

Modern rai ya kai ga wani mashahurin Rasha rage yawan lokacin da zones daga 11 zuwa 9. (ku tuna da baya makirci stretch dade daga sayi Vladimirom Ilichom Leninym umurnin "A gabatarwar da wani sabon lokaci count ..." 08/02/1919 shekara. Its main developer ya shugaban Rasha Kasa Society Yu . M. Shokalsky).

A karshen ya haddasa canje-canje karkashin shugabancin tsakiya da kuma ingantawa gwamnati. A guntu lokaci-zagayowar management kwarewa da Karkasa tattalin arzikin, ba shakka, yiwuwar daukawa mai kyau sakamako. Bace, "wani hudu-hour" (3rd Shiyyar lokaci), da aka gudanar a "biyu hour Jump a lokacin."

Duk da haka, akwai masu sukar wannan bidi'a. Sun yi imani da cewa batun na yadda da yawa hours. zones a Rasha ne sosai a bukatar, shi ya kamata zuwa mafi girma har a warware yawan jama'a.