Hanji villi: tsarin, aiki, jinin samar da siffofin

Domin da al'ada aiki na jikin mutum bukatar ci abinci. Absorption na da muhimmanci rayuwa da abubuwa da su wulakanci kayayyakin ne da za'ayi a cikin kananan hanji. Sanya, a cikinta hanji villi da kuma yin wannan aikin. Su Anatomy, location, cytology, kuma za a tattauna kara.

A tsarin da kananan hanji da kuma ta ayyuka

A mutum ilmin jikin mutum sashen ware 3 - da duodenum, jejunum da ileum. Da farko game da 30 cm tsawo. Nan ya zo da musamman na hanji epithelium enzymes, bile da pancreatic enzymes. A wannan sashen tsotsa aiwatar fara. Ruwa da kuma salts, amino acid da kuma bitamin, da m acid rayayye sucked fitar da taimakon da villi.

Tsakanin jejunum da ileum akwai wani bayyanannen waje kan iyakoki, da jimlar tsawon shi ne 4.5-5.5 m. Amma ciki da bambance-bambance, ba shakka, babu shi. Jejunum :

• Yana yana da mafi bango kauri.
• Hanji villi ta ƙara da kuma na karami diamita, da kuma lambar shi ne mafi girma.
• shi ne mafi alhẽri kawota tare da jini.

Duk da haka, babban aikin da duodenum - da narkewa abinci. Ba wai kawai a cikin hanji lumen, wannan tsari yana tafiya ne da za'ayi, amma kuma a kusa da bango (parietal narkewa) kazalika a tsakanin sel (kwayuka).

Don aiwatar da karshen a cikin mucosa akwai musamman kai tsarin ne daban-daban ga kowane sashi. An ƙarin alama na kananan hanji da ake tunawa. A wasu - wannan shi ne babban alama.

Sakawa villi da su haltta

Hanji villi a cikin Gut suna located in dukan uku sassan na kananan hanji da kuma ba su da wani velvety bayyanar. A tsawon kowane daga cikin villi kamar 1 mm, da kuma ajiye sosai m. Suna kafa daga mucous membrane protrusions. Per square millimeter na surface na kananan hanji farko da na biyu segments iya zama daga 22 zuwa 40 guda, a cikin iliac - 30.

Waje duk da hanji villi an rufe tare da epithelium. Kowane cell yana da wani jam'i na protrusions kira microvilli. Su adadin iya zama a matsayin babban matsayin 4 th. Per epithelial cell, wanda da yawa qara surface epithelium, kuma a sakamakon, tsotsa surface na hanji.

All hanji villi a cikin Gut mutum ne axially lymphatic capillaries da suka samo asali a tip na villi da wani jam'i na capillaries zubar a stroma.

Salula abun da ke ciki na villi

Shi ne gaban wani irin Kwayoyin alhakin yadda da hanji villi. Amma da farko abubuwan da farko:

Kowane villus, ko da wuri, da aka yi liyi da epithelial Layer kunshi iri uku cell: da columnar epithelial Kwayoyin, finjãlin giya exocrine da endocrine Kwayoyin.

enterocytes

An mafi akai-akai ci karo a cikin epithelium na villi cell irin. Na biyu suna daga cikin columnar epithelial cell iri. Sel prismatic siffar. A babban aiki na hanji villi da aka yi da su. Enterocytes samar da motsi daga cikin gastrointestinal fili a cikin jini, kuma Lymph tsarin da ake bukata, ta wurin jikin abubuwa da aiki a lokacin da abinci.

A epithelial Kwayoyin a kan surface akwai wani musamman baki kafa microvilli. Wadannan microvilli 1 micron ² jeri daga 60 zuwa 90 guda. Sun kara da tsotsa surface kowane cell 30-40 sau. Located a kan surface microvilli glycocalyx generates lazimta a kansu enzymes.

Daya jinsunan epithelial Kwayoyin suna Kwayoyin tare da microfold ko ake kira M-Kwayoyin. Su location - fuska Lymph follicles biyu kungiyar da kuma mutum. Suna bambanta da wani karin flattened siffar da kuma karamin yawan microvilli. Amma wannan surface an rufe microfolds da wanda tantanin halitta ne iya kamawa da macromolecule da hanji lumen.

Finjãlin giya exocrine da endocrinocytes

Single Kwayoyin, da yawan wanda qara daga duodenum ga ileum. Wadannan ne na hali mucous Kwayoyin tara sa'an nan sakewa ta asirin zuwa mucosal surface. Wannan slime inganta abinci tare da Gut a lokaci guda da hannu a aiwatar da membrane narkewa.

Bayyanar na sel dogara a kan mataki na jari na secretions a cikinta, kuma gamsai samuwar kansa ya auku a cikin jeri na Golgi na'ura. Komai keji, cikakken haskaka asĩrinku da kunkuntar da wata rage core.

Yana endocrinocytes haduwa da kuma asirce ilimin aiki abubuwa da cewa ba kawai wasa a narkewa kamar aiki, amma kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a general metabolism. Primary jeri na wadannan Kwayoyin - da duodenum.

ayyuka

Daga cikin tsarin zama nan da nan share wadda aiki da aka yi da da hanji villi a cikin narkewa kamar tsari, don haka ne kawai a takaice lissafa su:

1. A sha na carbohydrates, sunadarai, amino acid, kazalika da su wulakanci kayayyakin. Suna ratsa capillaries a villi, kuma a jini za'ayi a cikin portal tsarin na hanta.
2. Sia sha, amma a maimakon haka, chylomicron barbashi samu daga lipids. Suna shige cikin lymphatic zaruruwa da kuma a cikin jini, bypassing da hanta.
3. Wani aiki na hanji villi - secretory, asirce gamsai for sauki gabatarwa abinci ta hanyar da hanjinsu.
4. Endocrine, saboda wasu daga cikin villi Kwayoyin nuna histamine da serotonin, secretin da kuma wasu hormones da Bava.

Bookmark da amfrayo da kuma farfadowa bayan raunin da

Daga wanda cell ne da kuma yadda hanji villi, mun fahimci, amma a lokacin da ta da aka aza a cikin jikin mutum da kuma na abin da Kwayoyin? Bari mu bincika wannan tambaya.

A karshen watan biyu ko farkon na uku intrauterine da cigaban dan Adam an fara fita daga Gut indodem na kananan hanji da kuma ta aikin gyara - folds, villi, crypts.

Da farko, epithelial Kwayoyin ba su da wani m bambantawa, har zuwa karshen watan uku da suka rabu. Glycocalyx a kan microvilli, wanda aka rufe da epithelial Kwayoyin, aka aza a watan huɗu na jaririn.

A karo na biyar da ya gabata, a lokacin da yadda ya kamata a lokacin daukar ciki, akwai wani serous shafin na hanji, da na takwas - tsoka da kuma connective nama na hanji. All bawo an aza daga mesodam (visceral leaf), kuma connective nama mesenchyme.

Duk da yake duk na narkewa kamar tsarin Kwayoyin kuma tsokoki aza a lokacin fetal ci gaba, amma a lokacin da za a yi su ayyuka, hanji villi an lalace. Yaya dawo da yankunan inda Kwayoyin sun mutu? By mitotic rabo na lafiya Kwayoyin located kusa. Suna kawai kai wurin matattu abokan aiki da kuma fara yin ta aiki.