Simon Ushakov, "Mai Tsarki Face": description da kuma hotuna

Icon Simon Ushakov "Tsarki Face" - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a cikin Orthodox Church. Yana da aka halitta a tsakiyar XVII karni na Triniti Lavra na St. Sergius, wanda aka located in Sergiev Posad. Har yanzu, ta na da dubban muminai bauta wa a kowace shekara.

Shahararren Simon Ushakov?

Famous icon fenta kuma jadawalin da aka Simon Ushakov. "Mai Tsarki Face" shi ne ya fi shahara, amma ba daya kawai aiki.

A icon fenta haife shi a Moscow a 1626. Game da ransa kadan ne da aka sani. A fili, ya zo daga townspeople. A horo da aka bai wa sufi a wani matasa shekaru, saboda ta riga at 22, ya zama maigida na Azurfa majalisar na gidan makamai domin. Quite wani wuri na girmamawa a wani babban albashi.

Ga shi kawai ya fenti coci farantin karfe kuma fadar abubuwa, fentin Banners, tunani alamu for needlework. Ya kasance mai ma'aikatan cartographer.

Bugu da kari, ya rubuta da kuma ga mutane, kuma domin da coci. Ba da da ewa sami daraja da sanannen gunkin fenta.

A gidan makamai

A 1664, mu gwarzo labarin da aka canjawa wuri zuwa bauta a gidan makamai. Da nauyin da zama mafi girma da kuma shahararsa ta kawai girma. Ya sauri ya zama daya daga cikin mafi kyau artists tare da sarki, ta kafa wani dukan makaranta na painters.

Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich yi falala a kansu Ushakov kaina ya ba shi dukan umarnin a kan m gefe. Saboda wannan, har sai da mutuwa Ushakov zauna a ci gaba da girmama.

Ya mutu a Moscow a 1686. Ya kasance 62 shekara.

"Mai Tsarki Face". Simon Ushakov

1658. Ya fi shahara aikin halitta da Simon Ushakov. A icon "The Mai Tsarki Face" da aka rubuta domin sufi a Sergiev Posad.

Aikin yi a kan itacen amfani tempera. A size daga cikin icon ne sosai kananan - 53 zuwa 42 santimita.

A tarihin rubuce-rubuce icons

Ya rubuta sanannun icon a Moscow Simon Ushakov. "Mai Tsarki Face" ya bayyana a cikin Church of Triniti a cikin babban birnin kasar Nikitinkah. Abin lura shi ne cewa rubutu a kan tushe na wannan aikin. Yana nuna cewa, wannan aiki ya halicci wani sarki icon fenta Simon Ushakov a 1658, a 7166 daga halittar duniya.

Wannan lakabin da aka sabunta a cikin XIX karni. A icon "The Mai Tsarki Face" Simona Ushakova ne hoton farko na Ruhu Mai Face na Ceton dukan suke dashi. An sani cewa ya Ushakov da Masters ya da'irar bai halitta wanda irin wannan samfurin.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa wannan icon nuna a wasu} ir} Simon Ushakov. "Mai Tsarki Face" da aka rubuta a cikin daidai da mafi zamani m dabaru na lokaci. Sun gano m asali na Rasha icon zanen shekaru da yawa.

с помощью сложной системы, в которой перемежались темные и светлые тона. Wannan icon tsaye a waje daga wasu ne ba kawai wata halitta canja wuri da fuska fasali, amma kuma da yanke-kashe da kuma juz'i na halitta da wani hadadden tsarin, a cikin abin da duhu da haske launuka. Domin laushi miƙa mulki tsakanin su, suka gyara kara a karshe, saukarwa ga sãshe.

A daidai wannan lokaci shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, da bambanci ga Turai al'adar a Rasha icon haske fuskar saint aka ba m da wani real tushen haske. Kuma da wuri daga cikin haske da tsananin haske gaya cewa Ushakov da takwarorinsa lura hadisin cewa ya kasance a Rasha tun da XIV karni.

akida shiriya

Wasu akida da kuma ado reference batu ya Saminu Ushakov "Tsarki Face". A shekara a cikin abin da icon an halitta (1658), ya mai da kayyade factor for yawa Rasha painters. Gaskiyar cewa image da aka kai a kai da aka ambata a cikin treatises Iosifa Vladimirova, wanda aka kishin search for ilmi da kuma dace asowar. Af, ya kasance abokin na Ushakov.

A cikin ayyukansu Vladimirov ambata cewa Kristi a Ushakova ba da aka rubuta bisa ga Canon. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan tsari, ya aka samun kusa da mafi m ga talakawan mutum. Bayan haka, da yawa shiryar da Simon Ushakov. "Mai Tsarki Face", wanda za a iya bayyana, a wannan labarin, ya kasance da babban batu na iconography a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.

Shi ya zama mafi iko hanya ga wani iconographer.

aiki Ushakov

Simon Ushakov wani musamman salon artist da kuma zane-zane. An tsira da yawa daga cikin ayyukansa. Duk da haka, mafi yawansu ba su kasance rashin alheri washe ta daga baya mayar da su da kuma jikokin records.

Better fiye da sauran icon na Gaske Shelar ake kiyaye yau, Our Lady of Vladimir, St. Feodora Stratilata, da gangaren da Ruhu Mai Tsarki, kuma ba shakka, da mai ceto.

Wadannan ayyuka iconographer tabbatar da cewa ya kasance musamman m domin ta lokaci, wani mutum mai hazaka fenta wanda cikakken mallaki dukan dabarun da aka sani a wancan lokacin.

Ushakov da gaske ki fenti gumaka a kan tsoho samfurori, kamar yadda ya zama al'ada a lokacin. Ya aka rayayye tunawa da nuances na Yammacin art, wanda a cikin XVII karni suna ƙara shiga cikin yankin ƙasar Rasha.

Ushakov, lura da al'ada na zamanin d Rasha icon zanen makaranta, ba ji tsoro su yi gwaji. Ya ƙirƙira wani sabon abun da ke ciki, ya yi karatu a mafi kyau samfurori of Western al'adu, ya nemi ya ba Figures a kan su gumaka na motsi da kuma mutuntakarsa.

Mene ne Ruhu Mai Face?

Ceto ba ya yi ta Hands - musamman image na Kristi a Rasha iconography. Shi ne fuskar Ɗan Allah a kan tayal ko lãka jirgin.

Akwai da dama Legends game da asalin na wani banmamaki image.

A farko - gabas. A cewar shi, tarihi yana da nasaba da rashin lafiya na Sarkin Edessa, wanda ya yi mulki a ƙasar Bagadaza, a cikin zamani Turkey. A cewar labari, bayan da daya daga cikin artists, aika wa sarki, ba zai iya wakiltar Almasihu, Ɗan Allah wanke fuskarsa da kuma goge zanen aljihu, wanda ya bar ta image. Gyale ya ba da artist.

The ƙwarai gaskiya. Tun a lokacin wanke Almasihu gemu ya rigar, to, shi da aka buga a kan gyale a matsayin halayyar sandan. Tun daga nan, da yawa masu bincike sun kira wannan icon a matsayin "mai ceto Rigar Brada".

Akwai kuma yammacin na da hadisin. Yana tashi tsakanin XIII da XV ƙarni. More daidai kwanakin ba a sani ba. Mafi m, kuma ya bayyana a cikin Franciscan friars.

A halin yanzu al'adar Yahudawa Veronica, suka taho tare da Yesu a karshe tafiya zuwa akan. A wannan lokaci, ta ba shi wani lilin zanen aljihu da Ɗan Allah ya iya goge kashe fuskar gumi da kuma jini. Fuskar Yesu ne ma imprinted a kan ta wuya. Tun daga nan, da relic an aje a Italiya, a Cathedral of St. Bitrus karkashin sunan "shãmaki daga Veronica."

A girmama wannan taron an kira wani ƙungiyar taurari a kudancin yammancin duniya, wanda a yau quashed da ilmin Taurari. A wurin da yake a yanzu a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Sextans.

Masana kimiyya sun sha yunkurin gudanar da bincike da aka kama. All sun kasance iya kafa: shi ne amfani ba fenti ko Organic kayan.