Shunting locomotive: bayani dalla-dalla da hotuna

A tsarin da Rasha layukan dogo, mai zaman kansa driveways da kuma kamfanoni na bukatar kayan aiki iya samar da shunting ayyukan a cikin shuka. Don waɗannan da sauran ayyuka sun guje wa locomotives an halicce su, wanda ya bambanta daga jirgin kasa ta hanyar tattalin arziki.

Manufar yin watsi da locomotives

Hanyoyin motoci da dama da ke amfani da su na lantarki suna gudana a kan hanyar sufurin jiragen kasa. Kowannensu yana da aikace-aikacen kansa, kuma, dangane da halayen fasaha, suna samar da wani nau'i na aikin. Kowane tashoshi yana buƙatar sake shirya karusai daga hanyar zuwa hanya, kada ku yi aiki a kan hanyar jama'a, ku cika ka'idoji don sadarwar kaya a gida. Tare da waɗannan ɗawainiya, ƙuƙwalwar locomotive zai iya ɗauka. Idan manyan locomotives na diesel, kamar 2TE116, T10MK, 3TE116U, ana amfani da su don kula da jiragen jiragen kasa, locomotives na diesel ЧМЭ3, ТЭМ2, ТМ suna amfani da su don yin watsi da aiki inda babu buƙatar motsa masu karfin nauyi. Rashin yin amfani da locomotives shine babban hanyar samar da aikin gida a tashar. Bryansk yana samar da locomotives mai kyau, waɗanda aka yi amfani da shi a tsarin tsarin Railways na Rasha.

Tarihin halitta

Mafi yawan locomotive da ake amfani dashi din din a cikin USSR har 1964 shine ChME2. Amma saboda rashin ƙarfi da kuma rashin cikar shirin da ake yi na shunting, an yanke shawarar tsara sabon locomotives mafi girma daga wannan jerin. Gidan ya yi amfani da gine-gine ta hanyar Prague. A shekara ta 1964, an kwashe samfurin gwaji guda biyu na ChME3 a kan rails, wanda ya wuce dukkan gwaje-gwajen daidai. Dacomotive dinel na wannan samfurin, tare da TEM2 kuma a zamanin yau shine locomotive da yafi dacewa don samar da aikin shunting. Tare da "CKD Prague" shuka "Sokolovo" ya samar da locomotives T444 da T449, wanda saboda iyakanceccen nau'in haɗin kai ba a yi amfani dasu ba. Tsarin yin amfani da locomotives dole ne a gudanar da su ta hanyar horar da mutane.

Bayanan fasaha ЧМЭ3

An ƙaddamar da ƙananan ƙa'idodin ChME3 tare da hood da H-frame. Rashin gyare-gyare a cikin motar da aka ɗora tare da nauyin daya. An dakatar da dakatar da dakatarwa ta locomotive tare da masu shayarwa. Ana amfani da locomotive tare da lantarki guda shida na K6S310DK na diesel, wanda ƙarfinsa ya kai 1350 horsepower. Ginin juyawar mita yana ƙara zuwa 340-740 rpm, idan aka kwatanta da FME2. Kayan janawalin diesel ya fitar da janareta daga baturin. Dandel din yana da nauyin nauyi, wanda shine nau'i 13, ƙwayar diesel TD-802 yayi nauyin 20 ton.

Alamar CHME3

• Nauyin aikin shine -114 t.
• Nauyin aikin locomotive da aka tanada shi ne -123 t.
• Rashin ajiyar man fetur ya kai kg 5000.
• Ajiye man fetur - lita 500
• Stock na ruwa - lita 1100
• Yankin yashi yana kilo 1500.
• Iyakar gudun - 95 km / h.
• Ƙananan radius daga cikin sassan ne 80 m.

Ayyukan fasaha na shunting locomotives na jerin TEM

Ana amfani da locomotives Diesel na TEM1 da TEM2 jerin amfani a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Suna da tattalin arziki, amintacce, iko mai kyau. Bryansk Engineering Plant kwanan nan ya samar da samfurin TEM2M, wanda riga yana da hudu diesel diesel 6D49, da kuma tsarin da mafi sophisticated sanyaya.

Babu wata hanya da za ta iya jimre wa aikin gida na tashar, kamar yadda ake hana locomotive. Hoton hoto TEM 2 ya nuna bayyanar locomotive. Zai iya tafiya a kan sassan mai lankwasa na hanyar tare da radius na har zuwa mita 80. Cikakken man fetur, man fetur da yashi zai tabbatar da aiki marar matsala har zuwa kwanaki 10.

TEM2 an sanye shi da mashawar diesel engine PD1M tare da ikon da ake yi na 880 kW, inda aka karu da sauri na juyawa na katako, ana kara yawan iska zuwa 0.155 MPa. PD1M yana amfani da turbocharger, wanda aka kunna saboda tsaftace gases. Tsabtace iska don turbocharger yana faruwa ta hanyar juya mai tsabtace iska, an saka shi a gefen dama na locomotive. Amma ga sanyaya iska amfani finned tube mai sanyaya cewa aiki ta amfani da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa kewaye. Don kwantar da gogayya Motors amfani da wani centrifugal fan. Kawai a bayan wurin wurin direba ne dakin baturi. A kan rufin locomotive akwai hatches-hatch-type hatches don samar da yashi. Rikicin dinel din da ke kaucewa TEM 2 yana iya gyara manyan wajan daga hanyar zuwa hanya.

Don tabbatar da yawan zafin jiki a gidan mai aiki, an yi amfani da mai amfani da wutar, kuma magunguna a gefen dama da hagu na taksi a tsaye a wuraren aiki na mutanen da suke hidimar locomotive. Saboda kyawawan yanayin thermal na gida, TEM 2 za'a iya amfani dashi a yanayin zafi mai zafi. Ƙungiyar kulawa ta sanye da na'urorin tsaro, mai tafiyar da motoci SL-2M, mai kula da ƙwaƙwalwa don bugun kira ko saukarwa matsayi, sadarwa na rediyo, na'urori masu sarrafawa, maɓallin sarrafawa da magunguna don ciyar da yashi a ƙarƙashin gaba da ƙananan kwakwalwa.

Lissafin dinel din na tsarin TEM sun sami kayan aikin da zai sa na'urar ya yi aiki kadai, wato, ba tare da wani mataimaki ba. Don yin wannan, an shirya kayan aiki tare da na'ura mai sarrafa kansa.

Don ruwan sanyi da man fetur a kan jiki na locomotive, ana samar da masu rufewa. Ana amfani da man fetur ta hanyar ruwan zafi, wanda ya zo daga diesel aiki. Tun da jikin jikin hood, ga duk kayan aikin locomotive kyauta ne.

Kwanan direba na sama ne a sama da firam, wanda ya ba da kyakkyawan bayani. Don tabbatar da kullun yaki da wuta da aminci, an yi amfani da locomotive tare da wuta guda biyu. Dole ne mai jagorantar locomotive shinge dole ne ya sami basira don sarrafawa da samun ilimi mai dacewa.

Babban ɓangarorin TEM 2 na locomotive

• Rage.
• Hasken Haske.
• Sandboxes.
• Mine na sanyaya.
• A fan.
• Ruwan ruwa.
• Diesel janareta.
• Sparker.
• Compressor.
• Kayan kamara.
• Na'urar na'ura guda biyu.
• Kayan direban.
• Baturi mai karɓa.
• Yanke sashe.
• Hawan motsi.
• Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na motar lantarki.
• Silencer na amo.
• Diesel iska tace.
• Tanki mai tanadi.
• Tsarin locomotive.
• Matuka.
• Pumps don famfo man da man fetur.
• Gidan wasan kwaikwayo.
• Cooling kewaye pump.
• Tace mai.

Ayyukan fasaha na locomotives dinel din na jerin TGM

Tsarin yin amfani da TGM na locomotive don kauce wa aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.

TGM-4B an sanye shi da diesel 6CHN21-21 tare da turbo gas. Hanya na juyawa, kamar sauran samfurori, yana da 1200 rpm, yana da hanyoyi 2: shunting da horar. Yanayin yanayin jirgin yana ba da izinin tafiya a cikin tashoshinni, kuma an tsara jirgin don aiwatar da ayyukan da aka sanya a cikin tashar.

Game da halayen halayen, an dakatar da locomotive da ƙarancin fitowar ruwa a kan matuka biyu. Kyakkyawan halayen halayen haɓaka kaya kuma sun bada izinin shiga cikin ƙananan radius. Ana amfani da locomotive tare da shinge na manual. An yi amfani da locomotive na diesel tare da yin amfani da hatches da ɗakunan hotunan don tabbatar da sauƙin samun dama ga sassa masu mahimmanci.

A cikin gidan an sanye da fitilu, yana nuna alamar direba, wanda zai iya sarrafa na'ura a bangarorin biyu. Sarrafa ƙwayar locomotive ne kawai aka yi shi kadai, watau mai ba da buƙatar mai taimako. Gidan yana da ƙarancin halayen motsa jiki. Tsararren da aka sanya a cikin gidaje tare da firam din ya nutsar da kowane nau'i na vibration. Abubuwan da ke rufewa na thermal da ake amfani dashi a cikin jiki, suna taimakawa wajen yin amfani da locomotive a yanayin zafi. Sabbin sababbin locomotives suna da ƙananan bambance-bambance da aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka riga su.

Tabbatar da kyau don gyaran gyaran locomotives

• Kwakkwance da tara a shunting locomotive dole ne m yarda da fasaha takardun.
• Zai buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, masu tsada.
• Samun dukkan kayan kayan aiki da sassa.
• Dole ne a yi aikin ma'aikata ta musamman.
• Kafin fara aikin gyaran gyare-gyare, wajibi ne don bunkasa samfurori da dama.