Shilka River - babban halaye da kuma darajar tattalin arziki

Daya daga cikin mafi girma a hagu aikin gandu Amur - Zabaikal'skii kogin shilka - kafa ta fusing da Ingoda kunneKunna. Yana faruwa a yankin Amazarskogo Shilka kuma daban-daban jeri kuma m disposition.

labarin kasa

A general shugabanci na kogin - arewa-maso-gabas. Kawai a karshen, ta amincewa jũya zuwa gabas. A tsawon shi ne 560 km dogon - daga 40 zuwa 200 m, da catchment yanki - 206 dubu km ^{2 ..} Shilka lullube tsakanin tsaunukan daga duwãtsu, kawai lokaci-lokaci mãsu bãyar da bãya daga cikin kogin, kafa kananan kwari. A babba kai na cikin kogin siffofi da wani babban yawan waterfalls da kuma sashen kogin.

Shilka an ciyar da yawa kananan qarqashinsu, wanda akwai game da saba'in. A mafi muhimmanci daga cikinsu - Kara, Kureng, ChaCha, Black. Amma babban tributary da Shilka River aka located a gefen hagu - shi Nercha cewa gudana a cikin Shilka dama rassan da yana da tsawon 580 km.

hydrology

Shilka River Basin Ruwa gwamnatin na da alama - Ruwan Tsufana lokaci ne 120-130 kwana. Total ga shekara iya zama daga 8 zuwa 12 ambaliyar ruwa. Wasu daga cikin su, kamar yadda aka superimposed a kan juna, sa'an nan suka iya daukar har zuwa watanni 3. Matsakaicin ruwan matakin hawa da sauka a cikin Shilka lura ya 12.5 m. The kogin ne 80% na ruwan sama da ruwa, kuma taimako zuwa dab snow da kuma ambaliya a manyan yawan aikin gandu. Mafi yawa daga cikin shekara (kwanaki 200) Shilka River riko karkashin kankara, yin kawar da shi gaba daya ne kawai ta hanyar May.

Biota

Shilka tare da shakka mafi yawan shagaltar da dutsen-taiga shimfidar wurare, hali na Eastern Trans-Baikal. Busasshiyar ciyawa-forb matakan hade tare da Gabas Siberian dutsen taiga. A cikin ƙananan ɓangare na da m chestnut kasa da kuma baki kasa ajiye a sama. A arewacin gangaren tuddai a tsawon game da 1000 nike liyi tare da m gandun daji kasa.

Mafi na kowa shuke-shuke steppe zone ne gashin tsuntsu, Zmeevka, thyme, acaulescent bloodroot da sauransu. A boreal shafukan fi yawa Pine, Birch, larch, itacen al'ul. A wannan yanayin, mafi yawan arewacin sassa na gangara an rufe tare da haske launin larch itatuwa, kuma a kan kudu su ne mafi yawa Pine gandun daji. Cedar za a iya samu ne kawai a saman dutsen taiga zone.

Shilka River kusan a ko'ina kewaye da m cliffs, da itatuwa da kuma shrubs haka thickly overgrown tare da duk filayen, inda tashar akalla dan kadan kumbura, kuma ya kwarara zama calmer. A tsirin shi ne halin mai girma bambancin.

A kasa surface ne bambancin kuma an rufe shi da pebbles da boulders a kan kogin haka m Rapids, stretches, ramukan da kuma ko da waterfalls. A irin wannan yanayi, da kashe da dama daga nau'in kifi. A da yawa rayuka a Shilka beluga, sturgeon, kifi, chum kifi da kifi. Daya daga cikin arziki Wuraren da kifaye ke dauke da wani kogi Shilka. Ka zo da wani yawa na kifi a cikin kogi ne mai tsabta da kuma sanyi dutsen aikin gandu, kamar Unda, Delyun, Bots kuma mafi.

tattalin arziki muhimmanci

Kamar mutane da yawa na gudãna a cikin Far East, da Shilka yana da muhimmanci a matsayin kai hanya. Shi ne navigable domin kusan ta dukan tsawon. Duk da haka, saboda da manyan yawan samuwa a cikin kogin sills da wani babban kwarara kudi na shipping ne sau da yawa m. A lokacin bazara, wani lokacin akwai interruptions na har zuwa kwanaki 15. Mafi yawa daga cikin ci gaban da kewayawa a cikin ƙananan ya kai - daga bakin cikin birnin Sretensk. A kogi ne yadu amfani da katako rafting. Navigation yana da 160 to 180 kwanaki.

Bugu da kari, a isasshe manyan tushen samar da makamashi ne kogin Shilka. Trans-Baikal Territory ne iya samar da miliyoyin kilowatts na cheap da wutar lantarki a kudi na karkararta located in manyan da kananan koguna. Development of samar da wutar lantarki ne babbar matsalar da ruwa management a cikin yankin.

Daidai da muhimmanci ne Shilka tare da aikin gandu da na kamun kifi. A lokacin spawning, kama kifi daga Amur tafi Shoals, tanã fita zuwa spawning filaye a cikin sama kai na dutse a kogi.

A kusa da nan garuruwa an halitta sharadi gwargwado ga liyafar da yawa yawon bude ido, wanda shi ne don haka m, a 'yan shekarun nan da Far East. Photo Shilka River, ta m gaba, wooded kwari da sararin expanses na abin da ta majestically daukawa ta ruwa - shi ke nan sosai ban sha'awa da kuma m.