Robert Burns: biography, songs, kasidu, hotuna

Bright, ya tuna da hali da kuma na kasa mawãƙi na Scotland ya shahara folklorist Robert Burns. A biography wannan mashawarta al'adu adadi ne quite wuya. Amma cewa ya aikata ba a kowace hanya rinjayi aikinsa. Burns rubuta ayyukan da ya yi a cikin harshen Turanci, kuma Scots harsuna. Shi ne marubucin yawa waqe da waqe. Abin lura shi ne cewa a lokacin rayuwar da take na Scotland ta kasa mawãƙi Robert Burns aka samu.

Biography. yara

A nan gaba shahara marubuci da aka haife shi a shekarar 1957 a wani babban iyali. Robert da shida yan'uwa maza da mata. Karatu da rubutu a nan gaba mawãƙi karatu, karatu tare da malami John Murdoch. Ya hayar kananan manoma domin darussa tare da 'ya'yansu. Wannan Murdoch lura da yaron ta musamman damar iya yin komai, kuma shawarci masa ya biya fiye da hankali ga wallafe-wallafe. Tuni a 1783, akwai na farko ayyukan Burns, rubuta a yare eyshirskom.

matasa

A lõkacin da samarin mawãƙi ya shekara ashirin da biyu, ya bar gidan ubansa, da kuma aika zuwa birnin Irvine, akwai su koyi sana'a na flax horo. Duk da haka, bayan wata wuta ƙone a cikin shagon, inda Robert aka tsunduma a harkokin ciniki, ya koma kasarsa. A 1784, mahaifinsa ya rasu. Dattijon da 'ya'ya maza kula da duk chores game da aikin gona a gona. Duk da haka, abubuwan da suke da muhimmanci sosai. Ba da da ewa, da iyali yanke shawarar da ya bar gona da kuma matsawa zuwa Mossgil. A initiators irin wannan tsanani da kuma alhakin mataki sun zama mazan 'yan'uwa - Gilbert da kuma Robert Burns. Biography of mawãƙi ne cike da m twists kuma mai saɓani yanayi. Bayan motsi zuwa wani sabon birni, matasa mutum ya sadu da ya nan gaba matar - Dzheyn Artur. Amma mahaifinta bai yarda da zaben na 'yarsa, ba yarda da aure. Matsananciyar, Robert shawarta ya tafi wata kasa. Just a wannan lokacin, ya samu wani tayin aiki a matsayin akawu a Jamaica. Duk da haka, da tsare-tsaren da ya zo ba gaskiya.

A farko nasara

A lokaci guda, da haske ke fita ta farko girma na ayyukan da ya yi, da aka buga a watan Yuni 1786 a Kilmarnock. A littafin wata babbar nasara. 20 fam - shi ke da lada cewa ya samu ga aikinsa, Robert Burns. Biography of mawãƙi ne da gaske musamman unpredictable. A cikin wannan shekara da wani matashi folklorist aika zuwa Edinburgh. Wannan inda ya samun na farko, quite wani babba Naira Miliyan Xari ga hakkin mallaka a wasansa na farko shayari tarin. Poems Roberta Bernsa aka yabon marubuta da kuma marubuci kansa aka mai suna a poetic bege Scotland.

m rayuwa

Bayan wannan m kuma mai ban mamaki nasarar da ya shahara folklorist aikin wasu kyawawan dogon tafiye-tafiye zuwa gida kasar. Ya tattara jama'a songs, composing waqe da ayoyi. Ba samun aikinsu babu albarkacin biyan bashin, Burns kawai ya ɗauke farin ciki da ikon yin rikodi da kuma adana tsoho almara. A lokacin da shekaru na yawo iyali gona fadi cikin disrepair. Bayan da bazawa na uku girma waqe-waqe Light Burns ke Ellizzhevd. Akwai ya daukan wani sabon gona. A wannan lokaci, yanzu yana da aure to ya lover Jane, kuma sun haifi yara da dama. Daga wannan lokaci da marubuci aiki a wurin karɓar haraji da kuma sami wani kananan albashi, game da 50 fam a shekara. A 1791 ya aka kira su zuwa buga wani littafi, wanda a hada game da mutum ɗari da ayyukansu.

'yan shekarun nan

Robert Burns, mai hoto na wanda aka nuna a wannan shafin ne kyakkyawa mai kyau jimre da hukuma aikinsu. Duk da haka, mafi kuma mafi sau da yawa shi ne gani a wani mãsu mãye jihar. Ya aka baya fitar daga cikin wallafe-wallafen al'umma zuwa ga goyon bayan da juyin juya halin Musulunci ideas. Tun wannan lokacin, Burns suna ƙara kashe lokaci a cikin kamfanin na revelers. Mawãƙi ya mutu a 1796 daga rheumatic zazzabi. A mafi kyau waka Burns, bisa ga wallafe-wallafen sukar, shi ne "Albarka tā da matalauci." Yana siffanta rayuwar harkar cire revelers.

Burns waqe a Rasha

A farko litattafan fassarar ayyukan wannan sanannen Scottish mawãƙi, ya zo shekaru hudu bayan mutuwa, a 1800, Robert Burns ya zama mashahuri a cikin tarayyar Soviet saboda sosai m translation S. Marshak. A karo na farko Samuil ya juya zuwa ga aikin na Scottish folklorist a 1924. Tun tsakiyar thirties, ya fara shiga a cikin tsanaki fassarar Burns ta ayyukansu. A farko tarin Rasha shayari kuma waqe fito a 1947. Total Sama'ila Yakovlevich aka fassara game da 215 ayyukansu, wanda shi ne ¼ na dukan al'adunmu na mawãƙi ne. Marshak fassarori suke da nisa daga gundarin rubutu, amma su ne sauki da kuma sauki harshe, da kuma ma na musamman wani tunanin yanayi kusa bernsovskim rubuce-rubucen. A periodicals sa'an nan kuma akwai articles kishin ayyukan wannan talented folklorist. Zurfin nazarin ayyukan Burns tsunduma mashawarta Rasha al'adu adadi Belinsky. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin matasa fassara quatrains Scottish mawãƙi Mikhail Lermontov aka yi. A cikin centenary na mawãƙi ta mutuwa a Rasha m Suvorin collections waqe-waqe, da kuma kasidu Roberta Bernsa an buga.

songs

Ya kamata a lura da cewa da yawa daga cikin rare ayyukan mawãƙi ne da aiki da sautuka na jama'a songs. Ya waqe peculiar launin waƙa da kari. Ba mamaki, marubucin yawa sanannun tex a Rasha music ne Robert Burns. A songs kan waqe a lokacin rubuta wannan sanannen Soviet composers kamar yadda G. Sviridov da Shostakovich. A sharhin da na Aleksandra Gradskogo yana da wani vocal sake zagayowar na ayyuka a Burns 'shayari. Ya texts sune tushen yawa qagaggun halitta Mulyavin ga via "Pesnyary". {Asar Moldova band «Zdob Si Zdub» kuma yi cikin song kan rubutu na Burns 'Ka bar ni. " Jama'a kungiyar "Mill" ya rubuta music domin Ballad "Ubangiji Gregory" da waka "Santa". Sau da yawa sosai, da songs a waqe shahara waje kasida amfani a talabijin. Na musamman son mu haskaka da romance na film "Hello, ina ka inna," mai taken "Love kuma talauci." Wannan abun da ke ciki da aka yi talented actor Alexander Kalyagin. A cikin fim din "Office Romance" da aka yi wani song, marubucin na rubutu na wanda shi ne R. Burns - "Raina babu sauran."