Leitmotifs - marubucin ne tunani ta hanyar da Prism na karatu ta ji

A leitmotif a cikin adabi - shi ne babban ra'ayin, wanda yake shi ne ja layi gudanar ta hanyar gudanar da dukan aikin. Da farko, da lokaci da wannan music, da kuma wallafe-wallafen sukar, ba tare da tunani da sau biyu, ya aro. The kalmar "leitmotif" ya zo daga Jamus das Leitmotiv, kuma shi ne a zahiri fassara a matsayin "babban muradi" ko "manyan motif".

Kuma a music, a wallafe-wallafen

A wani yanki na music leitmotif - shi ne babban launin waƙa, jigo ko wani m juyin juya halin, wanda aka buga a cikin abun da ke ciki. Za mu iya cewa mafi yawan songs ake dauka a matsayin dalilin da karin waƙa, wanda daban-daban bambancin. Wannan tune da aka kira wani leitmotif. Da ma'anar "leitmotif" a cikin adabi na iya zama m a kan wani ilhama matakin, tun da kalmar "muradi" shi ne a wani aiki ƙamus na mafi yawan mutane. Wani tunanin jirgin sama, manufar ko da babban jigo na daya ko fiye ayyukan kerawa na marubuci ko aikinsa a wani musamman lokacin - da cewa shi ne leitmotif.

Music a matsayin tunani da kuma ji

A farko mas'ala ta "leitmotif" a cikin music kawo musicologist da pedagogue Friedrich Wilhelm Jensen, kuma rayayye amfani a cikin aikin shi ya fara shahara Jamus mawaki Richard Wagner. Hans von Wolzogen amfani da kalmar "leitmotif" mafi sau da yawa, musamman a lokacin da ya yi magana game da aikin na Wagner ta marubucin. Tun Richard Wagner rubuta wasan kwaikwayo dogon daban-daban hali da kuma abun ciki, da yin amfani da Jigon da aka dole ne a ga shi kuma ko da na halitta, saboda a wannan hanyar ya fi sauƙi ga riƙe wani yanayi da kuma ci gaba da mai sauraro a dama yanayi. Ko da guntu na music sa da saurarõnsu ya sauke kome, kuma su bada kansu kawai sauraron kiɗa, saboda motifs amfani da Wagner, ba zai iya barin kowa sha'aninsu dabam.

Rasa Rayukan da rashin bege

Bayyana wallafe-wallafen sharuddan ne mafi kyau tare da takamaiman misalai, da kuma a cikin wannan hali da manufa marubuta da ake kira "rasa tsara". Saboda haka, Erich Maria Remarque rubuta game da mabanbanta mutane da wuya amfani da wannan haruffa a da dama daga cikin ayyukansa, amma da leitmotif aikinsa ne mutum yanke ƙauna kuma samu kansu bayan munin yaki.

Similar ko m ideas amfani a cikin littattafai, da sauran wakilan wannan rukuni na marubuta. Su main leitmotifs - shi ne rashin iyawa ga rayuwa a al'ada rayuwa ba tare da wata kasa, da musu na gaba bayan shan kashi a cikin tashin, da kuma cikakken nihilism, bisa wani cynical hali zuwa rayuwa da kuma rashin bangaskiya a cikin mafi kyau. Wani sanannun wakilin wani batattu ƙarni na marubuta - yana da Ernest Hemingway, wanda littattafai akwai karin softness, amma a general da yanayi a su ne sosai kama da daya cewa ne ko da yaushe ji a cikin ayyukan Erich Remarque.

Pretenduesh - zama!

A general, da leitmotifs - shi ne da wani abu ba kawai a fili lura a cikin ayyukansu, amma kuma da dabara, boye tsakanin Lines. Wani lokaci yana iya zama wani leitmotif yanayi. Alal misali, za mu iya ce cewa a cikin aikinsa farkon postmodern marubuta amfani da leitmotif na hali rikici da kanta, da irrationality na duniya da kuma muhimmancin m motsin zuciyarmu da kuma juyayinsu. Mafi sau da yawa, a lokacin da wani marubuci ya so wani takamaiman shugabanci a wanda ya so ya yi, ya samu matsahi na saba da babban batutuwa da shafi abokan aikinsa. Alal misali, idan mabiyan naturalism ba zato ba tsammani fara kwana daga bayyane bayanin irin scene, da kuma mabiya hakikanci - to gaya mana yadda babban harafin a cikin hankalinsu aljanna ziyarci, da takwaransa na irin wannan tsarin zai bai fahimta ba kuma ba zai goyi bayan. Duk da haka, da dama leitmotifs - ne kafuwar wajen zuwa gargajiya marubuta, da waɗanda iyaka sun dade da aka sawa a cikin zamani wallafe-wallafe.

Yadda za a bambanta kyau daga sharri adabi?

Abin lura shi ne cewa leitmotif, wanda taka leda up da marubuci a daya ko fiye ayyukansu, Halicci style da kuma irin rubuce-rubuce. Amfani da dama zaban batutuwa, kazalika da irin ginin da tattaunawa da kuma yin amfani da hasashe da kuma stylistic na'urorin - Wannan shi ne kawai abin da ke bambanta da wani marubuci daga cikin daruruwan wasu. An yi imani da cewa mai kyau marubuci ne mai sauqi ka bambanta daga mediocre. Idan marubucin za a iya samu a dama sakin layi ko pages, sa'an nan ya gudanar ya halicci kansa style kuma rarrabe rubutun hannu, ga wanda ya ma ƙaunar masu karatu. A rare adabi da almarar, irin wannan sabon abu ne ba ya lura kusan ba saboda mayar da hankali akwai a kan maganar facts da kuma bayanin irin aukuwa, maimakon da ji da kuma tunani na haruffa. An yi imani da cewa leitmotifs - shi ne wani ba dole ba rabi zuwa rare adabi saboda irin littattafan sukan karanta sau daya da kuma nan da nan manta.

Literary koyarwar ga ƙananansu

Abin mamaki, irin wannan abu a matsayin leitmotif, ya lura ko da a cikin yara wallafe-wallafe. Hakika, a mafi tatsuniyoyi for kids theme da kuma babban ra'ayin na dauke overt koyarwa halin kirki da kuma haske, amma kawai su suna tasiri leitmotif. By sautin da rubuce-rubuce tãtsũniyõyin ko da yaushe zai yiwu a rarrabe shi daga sauran nau'o'i na adabi, ko da idan samfur ya wuce ta hanyar da dama canja wuri tafiyar matakai. The yara ayyukan wannan keynotes kamata a sallama kamar yadda bayyanannu, kuma takamaiman, amma wani lokacin marubuta da kuma miƙa matasa masu karatu don yin tunãni a kan nasu. Idan "adult" adabi leitmotif da ake amfani wajen bayyana marubucin bane, tatsuniyoyi da kuma kula da labaran irin musamman sanya bayyanannu ta ajiye a tsakiyar samfurin da kuma tasowa a labarin dogara ne a kan shi.