"Petr Veliky" - nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja. Nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky": description

Babban daukan hankali da karfi da Rasha Navy dauke submarines, makaman nukiliya da kuma dizal-lantarki. Su wuya sabis tafi daga 'yan qasar gaba, unobtrusively nuna da yanayin shigewa daga m makiya, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, da gangan kyale kansa "gane". Kunno kai daga zurfin teku a cikin mafi m lokacin, kusa da band horar da waje navies, suka nuna su ga shugabannin jirãge cewa, duk da invisibility, su ne har yanzu akwai. A peacetime, irin wannan dabi'a tana dauke al'ada, yayin da a yanayin saukan gaban submarines yaki da aka bayyana daban. Amma submariners mallaki dabara da kuma motsi na surface tasoshin ne kusan ba zai yiwu a boye, musamman kamar manyan jirgin sama dako ko Cruisers da makaman nukiliya ikon shuka. Da alama cewa wadannan Refayawa ba su ji tsoron kowa.

Shin, akwai wani mai bukatar wannan Refayawa?

Wannan yadda behaves a cikin tẽku nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky". "Soja Review" - wani website sadaukar domin cikin gida da kuma waje da makamai tsarin, - don gabatar da baƙi zuwa yawa fasaha bayani daga jirgin ta tsarin, ta guje yi, amma dena nazarin ta fama tasiri a cikin taron na tsanani marine ko duniya rikici. Duk da haka wani jirgin ruwa na soja, kafa a 1986, na iya ba sadu da bukatun da sabon karni, shi da aka tsara ba tare da shan la'akari da fasaha da kuma low ganuwa shi ne babban mai haske hasken manufa. Yana yana da abũbuwan amfãni, amma shi yana da yawan shortcomings, kamar abun ciki na fama naúrar kudin da Rasha taskar a zagaye Naira Miliyan Xari shekara. Saboda haka dole idan mu rundunar nukiliya powered jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky" ko mafi alheri, kuma mai rahusa ga al'ada submarines, makami mai linzami da kuma tsarin sojan ruwa jirgin sama? Yadda nasara da shi za su iya kare Rasha Maritime kan iyakoki a taron na musamman yanayi na kasashen waje da manufofin? Abin da ya hammayarsu a cikin teku?

Wadannan tambayoyi bukatar m da cikakken martani.

"Orlan" Series

A waɗannan kwanaki, lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ta rundunar jiragen umarta ta Admiral Gorshkov, sananniyar akidar sojan ruwa dabarun dõgara a kan manyan jiragen ruwa, duka biyu surface da kuma karkashin ruwa. A iya karawa ƙarfin Soviet Navy submarine-alamar yawa nukiliya submarines da Cruisers, bristling da makami mai linzami launchers, radars da antennas. Diesel ikon shuke-shuke quntata cikin kewayon sarrafawa yin amfani da sojin ruwa dakarun. Samar da ( "Petr Veliky" tun 1998) da yiwuwar wani bayyane gaban a wani bangare na duniya tekuna aka aza a Baltic Shuka "Yuri Andropov". Nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja da aka ba gina a daya, duk da tsanani Matsalolin tattalin arzikin wannan zamanin na gyara da shipyards fara jerin hudu jiragen ruwa a 1144 aikin farko da ya karbi janar sunan "Orlan". Native "yan'uwa", "Andropov" karfe "Kirov", "Frunze" da "Kalinin", kuma suna bayan shahararren Figures na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis. M events, wanda ya fara faruwa a kasar, ya nuna cewa ta ajiye irin wannan babban-sikelin aiki na sake surface sojojin na Navy jagorancin kasar a 'yan zafi. A halin yanzu, daga dukan jerin, daya kawai nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky" ne mai fama-shirye naúrar. Abin da zai faru ga "Admiral Lazarev" (tsohon "Frunze") da kuma "Admiral Nakhimov" ( "Kalinin"), shi ne bayyananne sun ana kyautata, kuma zai tsaya har zuwa karshen shekaru goma a aiki. A rabo daga cikin "Admiral Ushakov" ( "Kirov"), bakin ciki, jiran jirgin sake amfani.

Sneak up zare jiki, ya iya ba

Wannan jirgin ne ba kawai babban. Ya fi girma fiye da shi ne kawai yan dako. Yana iya zama shekaru a cikin m kewayawa, samar da habarta sauyawa na ma'aikata da kuma replenishing abinci hannun jari. Tawagar ta kunshi 727 matuƙan, sergeants, sammacin shugabanni da jami'an, ciki har da 18 matukan jirgin da kuma goyon baya ma'aikata, sabis jirage masu saukar ungulu. The gudun 32 kullin. Hijirar na 26.000 tons. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa don tabbatar da halin asiri na ta bayyana, a wani duniya teku yanki ne kusan ba zai yiwu. Kuma wannan ba shi ne size, ko kuma wajen, ba kawai a cikin su. Nassi ta hanyar da straits ko tashoshi disavows kuma low-tonnage jiragen ruwa, ba cewa nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky". News cewa wani m, hallakarwa ko jirgin ruwa mai filafilai wuce ta Suez Canal, da Bosphorus da Dardanelles, nan take watsa a duk faɗin duniya. To, abin da yake da batu na wannan giant idan wurinta ne ko da yaushe aka sani, idan ba daga TV, bisa ga tauraron dan adam monitoring?

Major burin

Yana bayyana cewa bayyanar gaba da wannan iko jirgin na da wani m abokin gaba a kan tsare kuma bushãra da wani janar ƙararrawa. A wannan dauki zai zama kwamandan sojin ruwa fili, wanda, saboda wasu dalilai, kusanci nauyi nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky". Idan irin wannan taron ya faru a sau da zaman lafiya, duk gama na yau da kullum "musayar courtesies," da rundujar soja masu dawaki da ladabi fili ya ganguna da kuma tsaro tsarin, "sa wasu amo" mahada da kuma fita, "kamar yadda jiragen ruwa a bahar." Amma shi zai je fiye da tsanani, kuma mafi hatsari a taron na yaki. A cewar wani babban manufa maƙiyi nan da nan bude wuta, kuma za su yi wani abu a saka a kan kasa na jirgin ruwa na soja. A farawa zai amsa ga anti-jirgin makamai masu linzami, torpedoes, iska buga da sauran maƙiya ayyukan, "Petro Veliky"? Kuma idan ya iya sa kansa a hali na bukatar pre-emptive yajin?

Na'am. Don yin wannan, yana da duk abin da kuke bukata.

makamai

Shi ne na musamman ba kawai a size. A cikin duniya babu irin wannan neavianesuschih m jiragen ruwa a matsayin "Petr Veliky". Nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja yana da a kan jirgin mai babbar arsenal na duk yiwu wajen wuta lalacewa da kuma kare da iska hare-hare, submarine harin, mine barazana da kuma sauran hatsarori. "Cif zamo" ne da makamai masu linzami "Granit", featured ashirin launchers kasa bene.

Hari na shirya wadannan bawo daure ba zai yiwu ba, suna da wani Hadakar, tsaya-shi kadai kula da tsarin. Flight hadewa "shugaban" don ya tashi sama da dukan sauran makamai masu linzami, da kuma a yanayin da ya sha kashi maƙiyi makami mai linzami yana nufin akwai wani atomatik "aiki" na sabon shugaban. A tare da tare da rediyo tsangwama da ƙarya abubuwa harbe "dutse" za a iya daukan tursasawa.

Iska tsaro tsarin S-300F (ga marine aikace-aikace) supplemented da anti-aircraft tsarin "wuƙa" da "chestnut". Wadannan wuraren an kare daga kufan Tarka anti-jirgin makamai masu linzami da kaddamar da daga jiragen sama. Bugu da ƙari, za su iya kai farmaki har ma da matsananci-madaidaici bama-bamai tare da Laser shiriya.

Attack torpedo da kuma makami mai linzami jiragen ma gaza. Bugu da kari, akwai makami mai linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi 130-zamo, iya buga a nesa na up to 22 kilomita. Don yaƙi da abokan submarines nukiliya nauyi jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky" sanye take da goma launchers "Waterfall" tare da hudu dozin anti-tanki shiryar da makamai masu linzami RSL-40, da kuma taimaka musu su sami Ka-27 - biyu daga gare su. Kuma dai ba duka.

A general, mai yawa na makamai. Kuma tsaron gida, kuma m wuta akwai yalwa ci gaba.

Fatalwa na eighties?

Duk da haka, duk wannan ba ya nufin cewa Tarka "Petr Veliky" za a iya kira da cikakken unsinkable jirgin ruwa na soja da wanda makiya m. Da wannan makami ne kawai ba hali, musamman tun lokacin da jirgin ruwan da aka tsara na dogon lokaci, kusan shekaru talatin da suka wuce. A wannan lokaci, soja Shipbuilding ra'ayi ya canza, zama daban-daban silhouettes da warships, ya bayyana sabon abu shaci teku "Stealth" bace hadaddun saƙa antennas Sauki siffofin, contours Lines zama karye. Wasu masana a fagen armaments "Petr Veliky" (nauyi nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja Project 1144) ya zama alama fatalwa tsaoho zamanin da seventies da eighties. Riga ya na da wani resonant gratings, radar da kuma sadarwa antennas yawa. Kuma ba wani misali na irin wannan masana a cikin US, "Orli Berk" - a hallakarwa, gina tare da dukan zamani da bukatun ga stealth da bayanai goyon baya.

Amurka hammayarsu

Haka kuma, Amurka hallakarwa ya burge tare da matsananci-zamani look. Wannan kawai wani robot-gidan wuta na wasu irin, ba shi da wani protruding sassa, a kwamfuta tsarin samar da (bisa ga Pentagon) farkon ganewa da kuma sauri aiki yanke shawara. Akwai damuwa kan yadda nasara za su iya aiki nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky" da cikin "Aegis" tsarin, wanda aka sanye take hallaka type "Orli Berk".

Amma ba duka ne haka bakin ciki. Gaskiyar cewa latest American jiragen ruwa da aka halitta a kan tushen da biyu main ka'idodin: maximizing hadewa na kula da tsarin da kuma rage ta halin kaka.

"Aegis" tsarin

Radar tashar AN / rahõto-1, saita zuwa "Orli Berk" kamar yadda eriya yana amfani da hudu phased tsararru, fixedly a haɗe zuwa superstructure. A gaba dayan tsarin da aka rufe don guda machining cibiyar, wanda, ba shakka, yana da wasu abũbuwan amfãni a cikin bangare na amo rigakafi, amma kuma Narrows cikin kewayon nisa na ganewa da kuma tracking na hari. Musamman, wannan hasara bayyana kanta a matsayin dole gani harin supersonic low-tashi anti-jirgin makamai masu linzami, wanda yana da "Petr Veliky". Nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja godiya ta zuwa ga size iya kawo mai yawa na makamai, da kuma ta eriya, located high, samar da gargadin na ko da irin wannan dabara abubuwa kamar jiragen ruwa na aji "Orli Berk" (wanda suke ganuwa kira har yanzu iya ba).

Game da antennas "Petra Velikogo"

Eh, mai yawa jita-jita, da kuma shi ne domin suna da haka a fili a bayyane a kan radar fuska, "Petr Veliky". Nukiliya jirgin ruwa na soja sanye take da uku radar tashoshin, kowanne daga abin da ya cika ta bangare na aiki. "Fitowar" (MP-600), gyarawa zuwa foremast, yin wani bayyani aiki. A kasa, a wani kogo, located Radar "jirgin ruwa mai filafilai M 2 '(MP-750), shi kayyade uku manufa kula. A cikin foremast kafa eriyar "mistimed" (MP-350), shi ne iya gane low-tashi hari - wannan ne kashi cewa an rasa a mai jiwuwa sarkar na anti-American kariya "Aegis" tsarin. "Magance" aiki a wani biyu-tsara tsarin, da kuma yana da babban scan kudi a hade tare da kananan tadawa kwana don samar da ake so yi. Saboda haka, duk da ganuwa, Tarka "Petr Veliky" yana da dukan damar buga wani yawa more zamani jirgin na wani m maƙiyi, buga masa duk arziki arsenal. ya iya ci gaba, sabili da haka, a mamaki kai hari ba ya barazana ga gane abokan gaba. Jefa makamai masu linzami da shi ne kuma quite iya yin wannan, yana da duk abin da kuke bukata.

al'amurra

Tarihi ya sani yawa misalai a lokacin da warships sun kasance a cikin Navy da yawa da suka gabata. Sadarwa sanya jiki, mai kyau tuki da kuma maneuvering damar da manyan kawar da samar da tushen ga zamanintar da jirgin da kuma gudanar da shi a cikin layi tare da bukatun na lokacin. Akwai kowane nuni da cewa makaman nukiliya-powered jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky", da fasaha halaye na wanda za lalle za a kira fice, za a sarrafa na dogon lokaci. Ya ba shi da wani analogues ko da sauran irin wannan jirgin ruwa da makamashin nukiliya shuka, kamar "VA" ko "Long Beach", suna da yawa fiye da karami mu flagship na Arewa jiragen ruwa a muhallinsa, da kuma inganta a kan modernization m. Ne na musamman da ta propulsion tsarin, ciki har da guda biyu azumi neutron reactor da kuma karin boilers, ƙara da damar 300 wutar.

Abu mai muhimmanci shi ne a mu'ujiza cikin gida Shipbuilding masana'antu ne mahaliccin da sunan Rasha Navy, wanda ya fara kyakkyawan aiki da gina wani suna fadin kananan jirgin ruwan.

Zai yiwu shi zai zama shekarun da suka gabata kafin lokacin da aka cire daga Navy makamai nukiliya makami mai linzami jirgin ruwa na soja "Petr Veliky", wadda za ta zo domin maye gurbin sabon jirgin ruwa na uku Millennium.