"Zyklon B": tarihi, musamman da sinadaran da jiki Properties

"Zyklon B" - wannan sigar musamman karfi da guba, wanda yanzu amfani da daban-daban sassa na noma. Duk da haka, mafi girma da daraja ya samu a matsayin makami domin taro wargajewa mutane da Nazis a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Tun da wannan sinadaran da aka samar a karkashin wani sunan daban don kauce wa mummunar ƙungiyoyi.

Takaitacciyar

"Zyklon B" ne na musamman pesticide. Wannan category da sinadarai masu amfani a cikin aikin gona da kasuwanci. Tun karni na sha tara, suka yi amfani da su sarrafa kwari da parasites. Magungunan kashe qwari kashe da yawa daga m abinci kwayoyin al'adu. Su kuma iya kare itace daga lalata da daban-daban kwari. "Zyklon B" da aka sanya a kan tushen da hydrocyanic acid.

By kanta, aka same shi a cikin da yawa shuke-shuke, masana'antu gas da kuma ko da taba-sigari. Duk da haka, mai yawa acid ne musamman kawo hadari ga lafiyar dan adam. Yana dogara ne a kan hydrogen cyanide. A karshen yana aiki sinadaran Properties. Hydrocyanic acid yana da wani launi, amma yana da wani haske wari. Guba kwayoyin ne m fiye da iska kwayoyin, saboda wannan acid ne sosai maras tabbas da kuma sauƙi koma.

Fara na gudanar da bincike

Active amfani da sinadarai kamar yadda makamai ya fara a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Mutane da yawa poisons, kamar mustard, samu da sunan daga wuri na farko fama amfani. Bayan da yaki, Jamus iya ba da da kansa sojojin. Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar aika da babban karfi domin nazarin hanyoyi dangi da abokan gaba. The shugaban wannan bincike ya Fritz minjun, wanda shekaru hudu kafin da cewa ya lashe kyautar Nobel. Fritz tun 1911 tsunduma a asirce raya kasa karkashin sirri jagorancin Kaiser.

Minjun, tare da sauran Jamus chemists, kokarin haifar da wani sabon guba cewa zai yi ta zarce duk data kasance mãsu girmansu. A lokacin da girma War, Jamus da aka rayayye yi amfani da chlorine. Duk da haka, ya kasance ma nauyi da kuma jinkirin. Bayan na farko nasara hari masõya sanye take da ta gaba, na daga cikin sinadaran magunguna. Saboda haka cewa sojojin da lokaci zuwa sa masks, kamar yadda gani rarrafe farin gajimare. Masana kimiyya la'akari da wannan hasara da kuma kusantar da hankali ga prussic acid.

Halittar "Cyclone"

Cyanide, wanda ya kafa tushen wannan guba, ya zama sosai "m" a Jamus a lokacin. Ya sami wani m iri-iri na aikace-aikace. Luftwaffe matukan jirgin sun ko da yaushe yana mai vial a cikin magani hukuma, ba su daina zaune a zaman talala. Kuma duk da shahararren Figures na Nazi gwamnatin ga arba'in da biyar shekara na irin vials sun zahiri a cikin hakora. Gaber fara gwaji da cyanide da kuma kawo shi sabon Properties. Alal misali, mun kafa wani "Cyclone B" a cikin ashirin da biyu shekara. Ya amfani da aka yi a Jihar tari. All data kasance kafin yaki da poisons ne gaseous, da kuma "Cyclone" ne adsorbent. Gypsum granules tare da cikakken hydrocyanic acid sun sa'an nan kuma kara tabbatar da dorewar jamiái da methyl. Granules aka ware mai guba colorless iskar gas ga dama hours.

"Zyklon B": sakamako a kan jikin mutum

A guba abubuwa a kan jikin mutum a hanyoyi daban-daban, dangane da sashi. Tare da shan kashi a bude iska na mutuwa za a iya kauce masa ta hanyar arziki na dace magunguna. Ko da tare da karfi ãyõyin guba faruwa bayan da goma sha biyar zuwa sittin minti. Wannan nau'i ne da ake kira m-qoramu guba. Light maye ya shafi tashin zuciya, juwa ko jiri, m iyawa a bakin. Mai tsanani tsoka gajiya take kaiwa zuwa tsanani shortness na numfashi a lokacin da yin ko da qananan jiki exertion. All bayyanar cututtuka na m maye wuce bayan kwanaki uku. Wadannan cututtuka suna kara da cewa a wani talakawan nau'i na maye: hallucinations, m asarar sani, seizures, rage zuciya rate, flushing fata pigments. Alamun iya wuce har zuwa mako guda, a lokacin da likita shiga tsakani iya kauce wa asarar sani.

Action "Zyklon B" a wuri aya ne m. Idan guba yawa m gas a cikin mutane tasowa fulminant nau'i na maye. Nan da nan bayan da shan kashi na mutum hasarar sani. Sa'an nan mafi m numfashi da kuma bugun jini. M seizures kusan ba ya daina. Numfashi tsaya a nan, bayan 'yan mintoci, kuma shi take kaiwa zuwa mutuwa.

Aikace-aikace na Nazis

gas sakamako "Zyklon B" a cikin mutane da aka farko gwada a 1941. A cikin taro sansanin Auschwitz da aka yi amfani da Soviet POWs da sauran fursunoni. A Mafarin da guba da aka yi ta Karl Fritsch. Gas sarrafa sosai azumi da kuma ba ya unsa wani halin kaka. "Zyklon B" samar da Jamusanci kamfanin "Degesh", wanda samar da sinadarai ga kwaro iko. Chotyroh kilo "Cyclone" shi ne isa ya kashe dubban mutane. Irin wannan hanya na kisan da aka amince oborshturmbannfyurerom SS Rudolf Hossom. Wannan shi da kansa ya bayyana a Nuremberg laifukan yaki gwaji.

A farko an yi amfani ne kawai ga kungiyoyin na "mutuwa." Sa'an nan, da sansanin likitoci suka fara kai fursunonin da suke da lafiya ga fiye da hudu makonni. Har ila yau a cikin gas da bẽnãye zasu kare fursunonin da ikon yin aiki. Action na tsufa Nazis son lu'ulu'u. A Auschwitz gas jam'iyya har zuwa dubu biyu da mutane da aka halitta a lokaci guda. Bayan da cewa, da kwarewa aka rarraba wa sauran taro sansani.

Group "Zyklon B"

Contrasting da Association of guba ne ban sha'awa ga shi daga mutane da yawa m ƙungiyoyi. A musamman, da Rasha, shara-rock band ya dauki sunan kamar yadda sunan da guba. Group "Zyklon B" haka mulkin kasa views. Interest a cikin Nazi na ado, mafi m, kuma shi ya haifar da zabi na sunan.

The m kungiyar ya sosai mashahuri a cikin nationalists da hakkin-reshe skinheads. Amma shi m up a shekara ta 2007. Mutane da yawa daga cikin songs na kungiyar shiga cikin Littãfin tsauraran kayan da aka haramta. Duk da haka, 'yan kungiyar gudanar da kauce wa kama. A shekara ta 2016, sun sanar da kafa wani sabon m aikin. Theme song kasance iri guda, amma sunan da aka canza zuwa "yan adawa".