Petersburg yawan: size, abun da ke ciki, rarraba,

Daya daga cikin shahararrun Rasha birane a duniya - St. Petersburg. Shi ne sosai sabon abu. Its tarihi, sauyin yanayi, da kuma gine-gine har mutanen da suke da sosai daban-daban daga wasu birane a kasar. Gaya maka game da halaye na jama'ar na arewacin babban birnin kasar, abin da ya fi rare yankunan St. Petersburg mazauna da kuma yadda abubuwa suke yi tare da aiki.

duba tarihin

A birni a kan Neva zo daga son zuciyarsa na Bitrus, mai girma, wanda ya gan nan ƙofofin zuwa Turai. The yarjejeniya Dates baya ga May 16, 1703, lokacin da Hare Island na farko da dutse na gaba Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja da aka sa shi. Karkashin Peter birnin ne rayayye da ake gina, da kuma a 1712 ya zama babban birnin na Rasha. A Petrine zamanin Petersburg zama sabon fuska da kuma ci gaba da girma. A karshen da 18th karni da ya wuce yawan for 220 dubu mutane, yayin da Arewa babban birnin kasar da ya sãme zamanin d Moscow.

The biyu da rabi na 18th kuma 19th karni zama real zinariya shekaru domin birni: shi ne gina yawa manyan gidãje, majami'u, bude makarantu da daban-daban kasuwanci. Duk wannan yana da amfani sakamako a kan yawan mazaunanta. A farkon karni na 20th, da 'yan asalin St. Petersburg halarta ban mamaki neman sauyi events. The yawan St. Petersburg dangane da ƙunci. Bayan 1917, babban birnin aka sake masa suna Petrograd, zuwa hallaka, kuma bad sau. A shekarar 1918, birnin hasarar da matsayi a matsayin babban birnin kasar. Kuma a 1924 aka sake masa suna Leningrad. Its tarihi sunan, ya za kawai dawo a shekarar 1991 bayan wani zaben raba gardama tsakanin mazauna. Yau, St. Petersburg ne na gaskiya, yana da matsayi na al'adu babban birnin na Rasha da kuma shi ne daya daga cikin shahararrun birane a kasar.

Sauyin yanayi da kuma yanayi

Saint Petersburg aka located a cikin sashi na gumi nahiyar sauyin yanayi. Ga wani gajeren moderately dumi rani da kuma wani wajen short rigar sanyi winters. A mafi tsawo kakar - wannan bazara da kuma bazara. Average shekara-shekara zafin jiki ne game da 6 digiri. A cikin hunturu, da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ne aka gudanar da rana a cikin alamar debe 5-8 digiri, a lokacin rani yakan to da 20. Petersburg yawan shan wahala daga rashin hasken rana, kamar yadda a cikin shekara akwai kawai game da 60 share kwanaki. A birnin high hazo (game da 660 mm) da kuma yawanci gizagizai. A lokacin rani a St. Petersburg, akwai na musamman na halitta sabon abu - da fari dare da rana.

Girma yawan mazauna da kuma motocin take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa muhalli halin da ake ciki a St. Petersburg ne ya fi karfinsu. A yanayi ne gidan ya toshe shaye gas, najasa ruwa na Neva talauci tsabtace ruwa mai guba. Lafiyar Qasa birni ne batun gudana saka idanu da kuma kula gwamnati.

yawan

Watch da yawan mazauna a St. Petersburg ya fara da 1764, lokacin da akwai rayu kusan 150 da mutane dubu. Har 1917, yawan na St. Petersburg ya girma sosai a hannunsu. A 1891, shi m adadi na mutane miliyan 1. By farkon juyin juya halin Musulunci events na 1917, birnin na da miliyan 2.4 mazaunan. The juyin mulki da kuma m yakin basasa da kuma yakin duniya ne suka kai ga cewa birnin fara samun koma baya.

A shekarar 1918 akwai riga an rubuta 1.4 mutane miliyan, da kuma bayan canja wuri na babban birnin Moscow a 1919, riga 900 000 mutane. Tun 1921, wani lokaci na zumunta alƙaluma da kwanciyar hankali, da birnin da yake faruwa har da dan kadan. By farkon yakin duniya na II a Arewa babban birnin kasar shi ne gida zuwa kusan miliyan 3 St. Petersburg. A lokacin yakin, mazauna St. Petersburg sun kasance a cikin kawancen, wanda ya kai ga m asarar rai. A shekarar 1945, 927 mutane bar nan. Bayan da yaki, da townspeople aka hankali dawo daga kõrar ba, sabon mazauna fara zo Leningrad.

A karshen 50s a nan riga an rubuta uku milyan yawan jama'a. Tare da farkon na perestroika, da al'adu babban birnin kasar fara fuskanci gagarumin alƙaluma da kalubale, da haihuwa kudi faduwa, mace-mace tsiro. Idan a 1991 akwai 5.000.000 mazaunan, riga ta 2008 shi ne 4.5 miliyan. Halin da ake ciki daga m ceto ma'aikata a matsayin halitta girma na mazaunan shekaru da dama da ya rage korau. Tun 2010, halin da ake ciki ya fara inganta dan kadan. 2016 a St. Petersburg, akwai 5,22 miliyan mazauna.

Gundumomi da kuma yawan rarraba

St. Petersburg ne zuwa kashi 18 administrative gundumomi. The gaggawa girma ne Primorsky gundumar, shi ne kuma mafi girma, shi ne gida zuwa kusan 550.000 mutane. Yankunan da yawa na St. Petersburg ne a hankali zama wani wuri na sarrafawa na kasuwanci da kuma dama matafiya. Tsakiya, Admiralty da Vasileostrovskiy County nuna a barga karu a yawan mazaunan.

YAWAN JAMA'A

Don kwanan wata, St. Petersburg ne na biyu mafi girma a birnin na Rasha, na uku a Turai da kuma most arewacin birnin a duniya. A wannan yanayin birnin yana mai yawa alƙaluma da matsaloli. A low haihuwa kudi yayin da ba zai iya cimma mace-mace. Karuwan rayuwa da kuma low haihuwa rates kai ga cewa yawan jama'a da aka tsufa Petersburg da kuma alƙaluma da nauyi a kan aiki shekaru mazauna ne na girma. yawan girma samar da ma'aikata wadanda suna janyo hankalin zuwa aiki a St. Petersburg da kuma wani fairly babban misali na rai.

Tattalin arziki da kuma aikin yi

A arewacin babban birnin kasar janyo hankalin yan gudun hijirar da kuma mazauna da fari da yiwuwar samun wani aiki. A birni ne daya daga cikin mafi girma da tattalin arziki cibiyoyin na kasar, akwai mutane da yawa da kamfanoni da aiki masana'antu, tattalin arziki, da sabis. Saboda haka, yankunan da yawa na St. Petersburg juya a cikin real m yankin, amma shi yayi babbar dama ga aiki. Rashin aikin yi a cikin birnin da ake gyarawa a 1.5%, yayin da a can ne ko da yaushe wani fairly manyan yawan jobs, musamman ga unskilled aiki da kuma ma'aikata. Saboda haka, aikin a St. Petersburg akwai, amma mazauna yankin da ba na son shi.