Performance bulldozers. Lissafi na da injin buldoza yi

Lokacin da ci gaban da ramuka, rami da mounds dace su yi amfani da sa injin buldoza kayan aiki, idan talakawan nesa na tsaye ko mai gangara sleigh ba ya wuce mita 100. Don zaɓar mafi m model na musamman kayan aiki, wajibi ne a gwada wasan kwaikwayon na bulldozers tare da daban-daban gogayya aji da kuma daban-daban na aikin kayan aiki.

A mafi alamar rahama ne motoci a kan hanya mover. Dabara don matsawa pneumatic bukatar kasa. Lokacin da kirga yi Earthmovers dole ne la'akari da ƙasa, yanayin aiki da kuma wasu dalilai.

Basic bayanai game da bulldozers

Injin buldoza - Earthmovers for layering ci gaba da kuma harkokin sufuri na kasar gona, raya kan wani crawler ko roba-gaji tarakta da m hinged aiki kayan aiki - ruwa (lebur garkuwa da fuka-fuki da gefen), da firam da tuƙi inji. Dabara ne amfani da wadanda ba rotatable da Rotary ruwa. A farkon yanayin, da aiki kayan aiki da aka located perpendicular zuwa a tsaye axis, wanda ba ka damar matsawa kasar gona iri-iri kawai a gaban mashin. Performance da bulldozers, angledozers yawa mafi girma, tun lokacin da wadannan abubuwa suna iya motsa zuwa ga ƙasa a wani kwana na 60 digiri, wanda damar for m shiryawa aiki.

ruwa iko inji iya zama wata igiya-da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa block. Nau'i na biyu na gudanar da aiki, domin shi ba ka damar tilasta ruwa binne a ƙasa.

Gogayya inji aji

Da taimakon bulldozers za'ayi har zuwa 40% na rami a yi site. Su ne mafi tasiri a wani talakawan nesa na tsaye da kuma mai gangara VOZKO daga 100 zuwa 150 mita. A kayan aiki na inji musamman dumps dustpan irin tasiri kewayon dauke yashi kasa ƙaruwa zuwa mita 200. Babban siga cewa rinjayar da yi ne gogayya aji - da karfi tare da wanda gona zai iya sa kaimi wani injin buldoza. Fasaha halaye na inji tasiri da girma na duniya koma tsararru yi. A karkashin wannan zabin, duk bulldozers kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin:

1. Light, gogayya da karfi wanda shi ne kasa da 60 kN. Suna amfani a lokacin da shiri, aikin gona da kuma ancillary ayyukansu.
2. Average, tare da ja da karfi na 100-150 kN. Amfani ga ci gaban da kasar gona 1-3 kungiyoyin da na farko loosening.
3. Nauyi, gogayya da karfi ya wuce 250 kN. Suna amfani da ci gaban m da fā.

Bulldozers ake amfani da a hade tare da sauran duniya-motsi inji. Su za a iya amfani da a matsayin pusher ga kai-propelled da kuma ja-type scrapers. Yawanci, a sa na injin buldoza kayan aiki ya hada da rammer da ripper.

Dalilai da shafi cika

Kirgawa bulldozers yi, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da jiki da kuma inji Properties na ci gaba tsararru na duniya, kazalika da gida yanayi. Babban physico-inji Properties na kasar gona sun hada da:

• barbashi size rarraba - size rabo daga nauyi na kasar gona barbashi.
• yawa - da taro na ƙasa da naúrar na ta girma;
• porosity - yawan voids tsakanin hatsi, ya bayyana a matsayin mai yawan da nauyi;
• plasticity - zafi iyaka, cikinsa da share fage yana da roba Properties kuma ba ya motsa a cikin wani ruwa jihar.
• kumburi - maginin tsararru ikon kara a juz'i lokacin da wetting.
• da kwana na ciki gogayya - sausaya juriya na kasar gona barbashi.

A gida yanayi shafi wasan kwaikwayon na bulldozers, sun hada da yanayi na taimako da fasaha fasali na yi site. A cikin lebur kuma mike sashe tare da m kewayon a kaikaice gudun da sleigh yi ne da ya fi yadda a cikin m yankunan.

Lissafi na bulldozers yi

Injin buldoza Aiki yana dogara ne a kan irin aikin yi. Yana iya zama ƙasa-dabba ba a kanta, ko shiryawa aiki. A cikin tsohon harka wasan kwaikwayon da aka bayyana a cikin m ³ / h, a karo na biyu - ² m / h. A kusa look at earthmoving ayyukansu.

Aiki yi ne m da girma na duniya tsararru cewa shi ne su iya ci gaba da kuma bas don matsar da naúrar lokaci, Ina nufin sa'a daya. Lissafi na da injin buldoza yi an gudanar da dabara Don lissafi yi kusa yadda ya kamata zuwa ga real, gyara dalilai an gabatar da:

• k _y - sakamako na gangara maginin dandamali. A lokacin aiki a kan gradients daga 5-15% darajar ƙaruwa daga 1.35 zuwa 2.25. a ci gaba da ƙasa a kan Yunƙurin rate an rage daga 0,67 zuwa 0.4.
• k _zuwa - darajar, wanda daukan la'akari lokacin yin amfani da na'ura (k = 0.8-0.9 _a).
• k _n - ciko rabo na lissafi girma daga cikin zane na Prism (k _n = 0.85-1.05).

Don lissafi yi dole ne ya kasance sane da adadin zane na Prism (V _c) da kuma tsawon na inji aiki zagayowar (T _n).

Lissafi na jawo Prism

A halayyar alama na inji shi ne gaskiya cewa injin buldoza guga motsa ƙasa a cikin wani nau'i na abin da ake kira zane. A girma daga prisms aka lasafta ta dabara A nan, V da H - tsawon da tsawo daga cikin ruwa, da bi, k _n coefficient ƙasar asarar asusu a lokacin da tafiya, daidai 0,85-1,05, k _p - digiri na loosening gona.

zagayowar lokaci

Don lissafi da wajibi sake zagayowar, Ina nufin lokacin shi ciyarwa tarakta injin buldoza wajen samar da wata Layer na kasar gona, shi wajibi ne don gane da cewa dukan tsawon na tsaye ko mai gangara VOZKO kasu kashi da dama segments. Aras tsawon lasafta ta da dabara A nan, l _p, l _n da l _o = l _p + l _n - da tsawon da sabon rabo, motsi da precoat tsararru da retrace ad da kuma v _p, v _n kuma v _o - iyakar yiwu gudun a wadannan shafukan. A coefficient na t _n daukan la'akari da lokaci da cewa direban ciyarwa a kan kaya shift a lokacin aiki. Yana da kullum 15-20 seconds.

Performance injin buldoza a wurin aiki, abin kõyi sandan

Da yin amfani da V-kewaye ƙasa sa ne kawai zai yiwu tare da wadanda inji cewa suna sanye take da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ruwa iko inji. Irin wannan, alal misali, wani injin buldoza "Shantui SD32". A rarrabe da rami na manufa shi ne gaskiya cewa yankan karfi ne a hankali rage tare da kara Prism zane. A farkon dukan sojojin inji nufin baftisma da ruwa a cikin ƙasa zuwa iyakar zurfin yanke h _max da maginin tsararru. Kamar yadda muka matsa wa kasar gona accumulates injin buldoza, saboda abin da juriya ga motsi ƙaruwa. Domin kara aikin direba dole kara da amfani da gogayya da karfi ko rage zurfin yanke.

A kauri daga cikin ƙasa kwakwalwan kwamfuta

Mafi sau da yawa koma ga na biyu embodiment, amma a cikin wannan hali da ƙasar "rasa" a gefe bolsters (da sharri da kuma injin buldoza "Shantui"). Don rama domin wadannan hasarori, da mota duk hanyar zirga-zirga dole ne a yanka "kwakwalwan kwamfuta", wanda aka lasafta bisa ga dabara A nan, k _n - gyara saboda asarar ƙasa a lokacin da sufuri, k _Ave Prism jawo rabo, wanda aka ɗauke ta daga aiki halaye na na'ura, L _n - tsawon na sashe a kan wanda gona sabon faruwa. Yana aka bayyana a matsayin rabo na jawo Prism rabo da suka ci gaba yankin.

Rinjayar da irin ruwa yi

Dangane da halaye na ƙasa, kazalika da ayyuka kafin da injin buldoza aka kuxi don amfani wasu iri dumps. Wannan zai rage rai na ayyuka, kazalika da kara yadda ya dace da kayan.

Replaceable ruwa Fitted tare da wani na'ura, ciki har da wani injin buldoza, "Komatsu" a Japan. Daga cikin main iri aiki kayan aiki ne don samar da:

• remediation subspecies, wanda aka yi amfani domin kau da m yadudduka na duniya, humus.
• nau'in don matsar da kwal da kuma itace kwakwalwan kwamfuta - yi amfani a cikin amfani da ma'adanai, yana da wani hemispherical siffar da gidroperiskop.
• "Peat" bambance-bambancen na da rage tsawo, amma ƙara yawan tsawon da kuma amfani da enrichment / filin x.
• ruwan wukake for site shiri - goga masu saro da kuma itacen kututture, wanda ke sanye take da hakora suna samuwa a V-siffar da kuma tsara don share yankin daga itãce, kuma shrubs.

A mafi m (cikin sharuddan da yiwuwar kafa daban-daban aiki kayan aiki) ne a Japan injin buldoza "Komatsu". Duk model za a iya sanye take da musamman kayan aiki bayar da wani daga cikin dumps, cewa ya ba su wani babban mataki na aiki da kuma sa duniya inji domin gina shafin.

Injin buldoza yi lissafi kamata a da za'ayi a rage kudin da rami. Bisa ga wadannan sakamakon za mu iya zabi mafi kyau duka na musamman kayan aiki, rage samar lokaci aikin da ajiye kudi mai yawa.