Pavel Ivanovich Belyaev, cosmonaut: biography, photos

Pavel Ivanovich Belyaev - cosmonaut, Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Ya aka bayar girmamawa awards da kuma tunawa haruffa: da Order of Red Star da Lenin samu lambar. Tsiolkovsky, kasashen waje umarni da lambar yabo.

Cosmonaut Belyaev, wani photo da za ka iya gani a cikin wannan labarin, shi ne wani Labor Hero na Mongolia da kuma Vietnam. Shi ne kawai jannati daga Vologda yankin. Dubawa na farko fitarwa mutum (A. Lyavonau) a cikin sarari.

manhaja vitae

Cosmonaut Belyaev Pavel Ivanovich aka haife ashirin da shida ranar Yuni, 1925 a kauyen Chelishchevo Rospyatinskogo gundumar (yanzu da Vologda yankin). Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare a 1942nd, ya tafi ya yi aiki a matsayin Turner a Sinara bututu Shuka. A 1943 ya sadaukar domin Red Army. Ya aka aika zuwa karatu a Sarapul'skiy jirgin sama makaranta.

Duk da yake karatu gaba jannati Masana jiragen sama UT-2, PO-2. Sun aikata su na farko kwarewa. A shekarar 1944, shi ya girmama matsayin siyasa da kuma soja horo aika Yeiskoe makaranta, inda ya ƙware da sana'a na wani sojan ruwa Aviator. Yanzu da Museum of Star City ne halayyar Belyaev, wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar malaman a lokacin da yake horo a makaranta.

soja aiki

Future jannati Belyaev, wanda biography ne cike da ban sha'awa da kuma jaruntakar da suka faru, bayan da binciken da aka aiko zuwa sojan ruwa jirgin sama a Far East. Akwai ya dauki bangare a tashin kan Empire of Japan. A wasansa na farko da ya tashi aka alaka da kariya daga harin, wanda aka aiko zuwa kashe da harbe-harben da maki na abokan gaba. Bayan da yaki, Belyaev karbi lambar yabo "Ga Nasara a kan Japan".

A postwar shekaru

Pavel Ivanovich ya zuwa bauta a matsayin wani ɓangare na Primorje sufurin jiragen sama rajimanti Air Force Pacific jiragen ruwa. A hankali ta motsa har da aiki tsani:

• matukin jirgi.
• m matukin jirgi.
• jirgin kwamandan;
• Mataimakin rundujar soja masu dawaki kwamandan.

Future cosmonaut Belyaev Pavel Ivanovich ne a hankali kafa a matsayin sana'a soja pilot, kyautata masa basira. Ya ya iya sauri koyi da 7 iri soja jirgin sama. Ya kwarewa yale mu mu ci gaba da mota biyayya har ma a mawuyacin yanayi.

Membobi na CPSU aka kwantar a shekarar 1949. Kuma 1952nd Belyaeva aka aika zuwa karatu a Air Force Academy suna bayan Zhukovsky. Bayan ta sauke karatu a shekarar 1959, ya kuma umarci wani jirgin saman soja rundujar soja masu dawaki.

sarari horo

Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi a makarantar kimiyya, ya miƙa shiga cosmonaut. Ya amince ba tare da jinkirin. Tuni a shekarar 1960 ya aka dauke shi aikin a cikin detachment, inda aka zabe shi dan prefect. Pavel Belyaev, cosmonaut, wanda biography ne kakkarfan dangankata da jirgin sama, ko da yake ya kasance dauke da lodi da horo da kuma ilmantarwa, har yanzu sami lokaci zuwa al'umma sabis.

Bayan shekaru biyu shi ya kasance wani ɓangare na Oganeza tawagar. Tare da babban himma shawo sarari fasahar, ya ƙware cikin jirgin materiel, da sauri ƙware management basira.

rauni

Group of nan gaba 'yan saman jannati ya sha wani hadadden sa na workouts. Kuma da muhimmiyar rawar da suka sanya laima horo. Management yi imanin cewa, irin wannan basira zai zama da amfani ga dalibai.

A shekarar 1964, Belyaev da Leonov ya yi kamar wata tsalle tare da wani bata lokaci ba na talatin seconds. Da farko tsalle ya tafi da kyau. Amma a lokacin da suka haura zuwa sararin sama sake, da iska ya karu. Paratroopers tsalle, kuma ya fara rushe daga da ake so location. Belyaev gane cewa saukowa zai zama m. Ya ja da madauri, da rushe ya zama karami, amma rufe gudun aka ƙara. A saukowa Belyaev yi rauni a kafa, kuma ya aka aiko zuwa asibiti.

Yana fara da wuya magani. Gagarin ziyarci asibitin, wanda ya tambaye likitoci su koma Paul zarar izini. An yi watanni biyar, da kuma likitoci da shawarar cewa mai rikitarwa aiki a kan kafarsa, amma ba su ba da wani tabbacin. Belyaev yanke shawarar ba hadarin da ya miƙa wani madadin - don ƙarfafa load a kan kafa, kuma ta haka ne sa kashi girma tare. Ya zai dauki wani dumbbell kuma tsaye a kan abin ya shafa kafa. The zafi ya na gidan wuta, amma nan gaba sama jannatin ya cimma manufarta - da kafar warke.

Paul rasa wani shekara na horo, amma ya iya kõmãwa zuwa ga kungiyar. Don yin wannan, dole ne ya auku 7 cin kwallo tsalle, wanda ya gudanar da "m." Hukumomi yaba kokarin da yarda ka tashi.

sarari

Goma sha takwas Maris 1965 Pavel Belyaev, cosmonaut daga Allah, kuma da abokin tarayya Alexei Leonov kaddamar daga Baikonur a kan da "Voskhod-2". Sa'ad da suka tafi zuwa cikin sarari guda, ya zama inflated airlock a haɗe zuwa jirgin ta ƙyanƙyashe. Leonov, tun shige ta da shi, ya yi ta farko da mutum spacewalk.

Sa'an nan, da manufa ba su tafi ba kamar yadda suka shirya. A 'yan saman jannati ya magance iyali gaggawa. Daga cikin wadannan, uku sun rai barazana, akwai wani hadarin fashewar, ya ba up kula da tsarin. Don canjawa zuwa manual yanayin Belyaev ya cire daga kujera. Ya juyar da jirgin, kafa da birki tsarin da ya kõma zuwa ga wurin zama.

Irin yadda ake gudanar da manual iko a baya za'ayi, kuma karo na farko da suka yi Belyaev. The sama jannati kashe a cikinta 22 seconds. Amma a lokacin da wannan lokaci da jirgin kuwa suka gangara tare da dama yanayin da kashe hanya ta 165 kilomita. Saboda wannan dalili, da 'yan saman jannati ya zuwa kasa a cikin gandun daji. Agaji samu su ne kawai bayan hudu.

Domin kasa da helikofta, muna da shirya musamman yankin a cikin ƙasa, kusa da abin da yake a kwana na dare xaukan. Sai da na ɗauki kwana biyu. Bugu da kari ga 'yan saman jannati ya samu wani helikofta gudun kan. Wadannan kwanaki sun fi da wuya a gare su. 'Yan saman jannati bukatar ba kawai ilmi da fasaha don bi da jirgin, amma kuma wit, jimiri da ikon Ski.

Personal rai

Uba cosmonaut mai suna Ivan Petrovich. Ya dauki bangare a cikin tashin yakin duniya na, kuma suka yi jihãdi da Japan a kan Khalkhin-. Ya mutu a shekara ta 1959. Uwar Agrafena Mihaylova aka haife shi a 1899 da kuma ta shige a shekarar 1963

Quite farkon ta aure Pavel Belyaev. The sama jannatin da matarsa Tatiana Filippovna 'ya'ya mata biyu, Irina kuma Luda. Aurensu ya mai farin ciki daya.

alheri

Space jirgin dade 2 hours 26 minutes da kuma 17 seconds. The jirgin sanya goma sha bakwai juyin kewayen duniya, da ciwon a kan 720 kilomita dubu. Ashirin da uku a watan Maris 1965 Belyaev aka bayar da suna Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. A Afrilu 13 na wannan shekara ya aka bayar da lakabi na cibiyar Citizen na Vologda. 17 ga watan Agusta, 1979-th. a cikin birnin bude Belyaev fasa.

Bugu da ari, xan sama jannatin rai

Pavel Belyaev, cosmonaut da digirorin girmamawa jama'a na Vologda, tare da abokinsa Leonov dasa a wurin shakatawa na birnin, matasa itatuwan oak. A nan gaba, suka inganta su ilmi da kwarewa da aka bi kan matasa, musharaka a cikin shiri na gaba nasara daga sararin sama. Belyaev so in je tafiya sake da kuma fatan cewa rabo zai ba shi damar. Amma shi ba ƙaddara ta zo gaskiya aka.

Bright, mai kuzari rayuwa Hero na Tarayyar Soviet ta ɗore. Goma a watan Janairu na shekara ta 1970 bayan wani dogon rashin lafiya, ya rasu Pavel Belyaev. The sama jannatin da aka binne shi a Novodevichy hurumi a babban birnin kasar na kasar mu.

A babban birnin kasar mu a cikin lungu na Cosmonauts (Prospekt Mira) ta kafa wani fasa a masa mutunci. -acikin sunan titi a birane da yawa: Rostov, Rovenky, Lipovtsev. Goma sha tara Nuwamba 1970 The Board of wakilai na Vladivostok yanke shawarar ba da sunan Belyaeva daya daga cikin titunan gari. Sunansa da aka kira a bakin dutse a kan Moon. A Vologda shi da wani abin tunawa da wani titi mai suna bayan shi.