Dzhessi Ouens, da dan wasa: biography records

A almara American baki dan wasa Dzhessi Ouens an dauki daya daga cikin mafi girma da 'yan wasa a duniya. Ya aka sani da ya na musamman records, da yaki da wariyar launin fata da kuma rashin adalci.

biography dan wasa

Dzhessi Ouens aka haife Satumba 12, 1913 a kudu maso gabashin Amurka, a Jihar Alabama (a Oakville). Shi ne ar Fatar Amirka. Mahaifinsa, Genri Klivlend Owens, aiki auduga picker. Jesse - ƙarami yaro. Baya daga gare shi, da iyali da yara tara (uku 'yan mata da kuma shida boys).

Real sunan nan gaba Zakaran - Dzheyms Klivlend Owens, amma dangi kira shi JC. Da yaron yana da shekara bakwai, sai ya fara taimakawa mahaifinsa zuwa sama auduga. Kuma ya da kyau a shi - da rana da ƙaramin yaro kawo har zuwa wani ɗari fam da shuka. Lokacin da James ya 9 shekara, Owens iyali koma Arewacin Amirka. A 1922, suka fara wani sabon rayuwa a birnin Cleveland.

A makaranta, wanda ya fara ziyarci James, malamin ya tambayi yaron da sunan, sai ya ce: "JC". Amma malamin bai kama da kudancin lafazi da kuma rubuta "Yesse". Haka abin ya fara da labarin Dzhessi Ouensa. A makaranta, yaron ya taimaka wa iyali. Ya dauki a kan wani aiki ya kawo kudi to dangi. A nan gaba jaruminsu ya mai peddler 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu a cikin wani babban kanti, wani mataimakin a wani takalma shop, jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar man fetur a gas tashar.

Early aiki dan wasa

Duk da yake karatu a makarantar sakandare part-time, Dzhessi Ouens zama sha'awar a guje. Amma bayan makaranta yaron da bãbu wani lokaci don halartar horo. Da farko shawarta dan wasa ya zama malamar makaranta na ilimin motsa jiki a Charlz Rayli. Shi ne ya yi shawara ya fasa Owens motsa jiki da safe. The bai cika ma'aikata Yesse ya fara shiga a makaranta gasa a guje. A 1928 ya sadu da nan gaba matarsa, a lokacin da yake kawai shekara goma sha biyar da haihuwa. A 1932, da dan wasa ya zama uba - yana da 'yarsa, Gloria.

A shekara ta 1933, Owens ya yi magana a US Open tsakanin makaranta 100 Mita da tsalle, inda ya zama na lashe. Duk da nasarori, da dan wasa bai samu wani wasanni malanta a jami'a. Saboda haka, horo a Columbus University a Ohio, ya biya don kanta. Domin wannan saurayi yana da yin aiki da lifter, da kuma wani peddler takarda zuwa ofisoshin. Dzhessi Ouens, wanda biography nuna yadda ransa ya ba da sauki, ya iya samun lokacin motsa jiki, ko da a yau da kullum aiki.

Shiri ga kasa da kasa da gasa

A 1935, da dan wasa ya koma California bayan kusa da Olympics-1936. Dzhessi Ouens ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan contenders for nasara a guje da tsalle. A California, ya so ya je ta tsaurara da horo ga wasanni. Amma fuskanci gwaji na wata sabuwar rayuwa. A nan sai ya koya a baya ba a sani ba zuwa gare shi cikin duniya daga dũkiya, film taurari da kuma magoya.

Kudi da kuma nisha detrimental sakamako a kan jiki shiri na dan wasa. Wasu lokaci waƙa da filin wasannin guje-guje Dzhessi Ouens daina lashe, da kuma jaridu bai bayyana sabon articles game da kyaututukan da ya samu. Saboda haka, mahara rikodin mariƙin yanke shawarar komawa baya zuwa Ohio da kuma ci gaba da horo a can. A hankali, ya kõma mai kyau jiki siffar, da kuma bangaskiya cikin nasarar a gasar Olympics a 1936.

Dzhessi Ouens da Hitler - gasar a duniya wasanni

A 1936, da gasar wasannin Olympics a Jamus (Berlin) ya kamata ya zama wani irin gwaji na magabaci daga cikin fari tseren. Jamus hukumomi ma so don shawo kan mutãnensa a cikin iya karawa ikon farkisanci. Sun nemi su nuna karara magabaci daga cikin Aryan tseren.

Duk da yake shi ne "musamman magani" to baƙar fata. Aka mai da su biyu-ajin 'yan ƙasa da bai dāce da nasara. Dan wasan Amurka, duk da ci gaba, da su halarci wasu gidajen cin abinci, hotel-hotel da kuma toilets. Amma a gasar Olympics 1936 zuwa 100 Mita lashe baki Dzhessi Ouens. Record, wanda ya kafa dan wasa na dogon lokaci, babu wanda zai iya doke. A karkashin dokokin kasa da kasa game, Adolf Hitler ya kaina girgiza hannun Zakaran. Amma da Fuhrer pointedly ki yi da kuma bar filin wasa, da zarar sake bayyana su magabaci a kan baki dan wasa.

Har ila yau, wani cizon yatsa ga German hukuma fara gasar a cikin dogon tsalle. A cikin yaki domin ya samu lambar zinariya da aka samu halartar da Jamusanci Luz Long da Dzhessi Ouens wani American. A lashe da jaruminsu ya karshe. Ya bambanta da Jamusanci hukuma dan wasa da gaske ya taya James da gudu tare da shi a gwiwa na girmamawa a kusa da filin wasan.

Kashegari, Owens ya tafi da mutum ɗari biyu da tseren mita ta ihu sunansa magoya. A wannan gwagwarmaya, da American ya sake farko. Ya lashe wani uku ya samu lambar zinariya a gasar Olympics-1936. Amma wannan nasara da aka ba da na karshe a duniya gasa. Bisa ga shawarar shirya na Olympics, biyu masu gudu-Yahudawa da aka cire daga gudun ba da sanda tawagar. Daya daga cikin 'yanta wuraren dauki Dzhessi Ouens. A American kafa wata bajinta a gudun ba da sanda 4 * 100 m kuma na huɗu ya samu lambar zinariya.

Bayan gasar Olympics a Jamus Dzhessi Ouens zama jama'a gwarzo. Sports jaridu da mujallu rubuta kawai game da musamman feat na dan wasa. Shi ne mai abin mamaki - a baki American ya lashe zinare hudu a gaban Hitler.

Koma gida rabo da cizon yatsa

Bayan gasar Olympics-1936 Yesse ya koma Amurka. Yana zama da aka sani Black harsashi. Ya na cike da bege ga wani sabon rai: da arziki da kuma tauraron. Athlete so daraja da fitarwa a gida. Da isata, sai aka kewaye da 'yan jarida Owens kai tsaye zuwa ga jirgin fito. Ya gladly ya hirarraki game da rabo mai girma. Amma da yamma zakara sake fuskantar bayyanuwar wariyar launin fata. A lashe ba zai iya samun mafaka. Duk da hotels da aka hana masauki baƙar fata. Sai kawai daya daga cikin mutane da yawa hotels damar Yesse zauna, amma ya aka yarda a shigar kawai daga raya ƙofar baƙi ba lura da shi.

Hudu-lokaci Zakaran da bai samu wa'adinsu arziki, ko da yake jaridu kasance cike da bayanin kula da cewa dan wasa zai biya wani babba jimla. Duk da haka, da zarar ya yi sa'a. Dzhessi Ouens aka kira su zuwa farati a kan biyar Avenue, sadaukar da nasara. Athlete tuki da jama'a a matsayin kasa gwarzo. Wasu daga cikin wasu jefa shi a cikin mota a kananan kunshin, wadda samu wani zakara a fakiti na biscuits. A kadan daga baya, ya lura da cewa a cikin 10 dala dubu da aka boye.

New rayuwa a cikin tsohon hanya

Tallace da Jesse Owens aka dauka sosai da wuya. Albashi sun kananan to tsira da ciyar da iyalansu. Saboda haka, ya fara da karamin kasuwanci. Athlete bude wanki dakin, amma ina so ta bai kawo kudin shiga. A gaba dan wasa ya haukace yanke shawarar shiga a tseren da dawakai, da karnuka da kuma kangaroos. Bai damu da abin da suka yi tunani na shi. Black Zakaran saba rashin adalci da kuma rashin fahimta. Ya ake bukata kudi, da kuma ya sanya su kamar yadda ya iya.

Fame da kuma amincewa da Jesse

Kawai a cikin 50-ies na XX karni, American hukumomi da ake bukata a hanya Owens (a lokacin Cold War). A wannan lokacin, kamfanin ya fara warke daga wariyar launin fata, da kuma dan wasa da aka sani da farko baki mutumin da ya rushe shingen tsakanin mutane daban-daban tare da fata launuka. Tun shekara ta 1952, da dan tseren ya zama wani girmama bako da kuma sharhi a kan dukkan wasannin Olympics.

Lokacin da Jesse Owens ya zama wani Celebrity, ya aka fili soki gwamnatin {asar Amirka. Athlete sharply bayyana a kafofin watsa labarai game da wawa kauracewa kasar hukumomi game da sa hannu a cikin Moscow Olympics. Ya yi imani da cewa wasanni kamata ba za a shafi manufofin.

Nasarorin da kuma nasarori

Dzhessi Ouens yana da wani yawa na wasa nasarori. A cikin shekaru 22, kawai minti arba'in da biyar ya inganta uku duniya records. Wannan cikas tseren da tseren a kan dvuhsotmetrovuyu nesa tsalle.

Wa littafinsa (tsalle da kashi biyu da 8 m 13 cm) da aka ba dukan tsiya da kowa shekaru 25. Daya American farfesa tarihi na wasanni da ake kira 45-minti rikodin na Owens 'mafi girma wasa nasara a 1850.

Films a game da rayuwar wani dan wasa

Dzhessi Ouensa labarin ne don haka ban sha'awa cewa biyu daga cikin fim da aka harbe a kan ransa. A farko shirin gaskiya fim da aka saki a 2011, a Amirka. Dalili na 54 minti fim tafi mãsu gaskiya bayanai game da almara baki dan wasa, ya rabo a cikin gasar wasannin Olympics ta 1936. Darektan fim - Lourens Grant.

A shekarar 2016 ya wallafa wani faifai na fim game da Jesse Owens ya kira Race ( "iradar"). Wannan shi ne awa biyu alama fim dangane da real events. A fim details da events na 30s, musamman gasar Olympics a Berlin Nazi na shekarar 1936. Dzhessi Ouensa buga da Stiven Dzheyms. A biopic, kamar yadda a hakikanin rai, mai baki dan wasa shi kadai ya tabbatar da Fuhrer da kuma duniya cewa launin fata theories na farkisanci ba daidai ba. Directed fina-finan - Stephen Hopkins.

A mutuwa daga cikin shahararrun dan wasa

Dzhessi Ouens mutu a cikin bazara na 1980, a Jihar Arizona. A cikin shekaru 66 da shekaru, ya koya masa m cuta - m huhu siffofin maruran.

A cewar karshen wani aiki Jesse ya fara zagin taba. Ya procuration kamar yadda shekaru 35, wanda a cikin sa jikinsa don ciwon daji. Athlete ta jiki, a nannade cikin Olympic flag, aka binne shi a Chicago. Bayan rasuwar Dzhessi Ouensa a masa mutunci titi da aka kira, abu don filin wasan "Olympia Stadion".