Paris duniya, ta yanayi da kuma sakamakon

A labarin ne da haihuwa, shi ne riga fiye da daya da rabi da ƙarni, amma wuri sunayen da ƙasashe, ga ambatar wanda babu shakka a gabatar da mãkirci a sa wasu ƙungiyoyi tare da wayewar. Crimea, Turkey, Rasha, Faransa, Birtaniya - cewa ya kafa da ban mamaki events tasowa a tsakiyar XIX karni. All wars ƙare a cikin zaman lafiya, har ma da tsawo da kuma jini. Wani tambaya shi ne yadda da sharuddan ne da amfani ga wasu kasashe da kuma wulãkantãwa sauransu. Aminci ya na Paris shi ne sakamakon da Crimean War, sun kaddamar da da Rasha hadin gwiwa da sojojin na Faransa, Birtaniya da kuma Turkey.

Pre-yaki halin da ake ciki

A tsakiyar karni, Turai samu wani tsanani rikicin. National ƙungiyoyi a Austria da kuma Prussia, zai iya haifar da da Lalacewar wadannan jihohi, da motsi na da iyakokin da rushewar hukuncin dauloli. Don taimaka da Austria Sarkin sarakuna Rasha Tsar Nicholas I aiko da sojojin, wanda shi ne don daidaita halin da ake ciki. Yana da jũna da cewa na dogon lokaci a can za a sami salama, amma ya juya daga in ba haka ba.

A juyin juya halin Musulunci motsi fito a Wallachia da Moldavia. Bayan shigar da Rasha da kuma Turkiyya da sojoji a wadannan yankunan, a yawan rigingimu a kan iyakoki da protectorates, da yancin addini al'ummomi da kuma wurare masu tsarki, abin da kyakkyawan nufi da rikici game da duniyoyin da tasiri na masu iko, m ga Black Sea tasa. A da shi, a cikin Baya ga kai tsaye damu manyan kasashen sun shafa da kuma sauran kasashe, wanda ba ya so ya rasa ta geopolitical amfanin - Faransa, Birtaniya da kuma Prussia (sauri manta game da godiya ga m ceton su monarch). A Rasha tawagar, karkashin jagorancin Prince. Menshikov bai nuna da zama dole mataki na diplomasiyya, sa wani ultimatum kuma ba a cimma sakamakon, bar Konstantinoful. A farkon watan Yuni, da mamayewa faru dubu arba'in Rasha kungiyar soja a cikin mulkoki. A cikin kaka na fleets na Faransa da Birtaniya gudanar da warships ta cikin Dardanelles, ya Turkey soja agaji. Nuwamba 30 rundujar soja masu dawaki a karkashin umurnin Ushakov kaddamar da wani preemptive yajin a kan Turkish sojan ruwa sojojin a Sinop, da manyan kasashen yammacin Duniya sun kai tsaye ta shãmakace a cikin rikici, wanda ya mamaki don Nicholas I. Sabanin tsammanin, da Turkish sojojin da aka kyau shirye. A 1854, Crimean War.

yaki

Gudanar ƙasar yaƙi da Rasha, da manyan kasashen yammacin Duniya ze wani m kasuwanci (a cikin memory ya kasance har yanzu sabo Napoleonic kamfen), da kuma dabarun da shirin ya cewa domin ya buge a mafi m tabo - da Crimea, shan amfani da sojan ruwa sojojin. A cikin hannãyenku daga cikin Anglo-Franco-Turkish kawance taka talauci suka ci gaba kai kayayyakin more rayuwa da za su haxe da sashin tare da tsakiyar larduna cewa hampered da wadata da sojoji da kuma samar da reinforcements. A wuri ya zama Yevpatoria saukowa, sa'an nan akwai wani tsanani karo a kan da Alma River. Sai ya juya daga cewa sojojin Rasha ba su da kyau shirya domin yaƙi, da kuma a wani bangare na makamai, da kuma cikin sharuddan horo. Suna da haɗuwa da Sevastopol, inda kewaye dade a shekara. A cikin yanayi na rashin harsasai, abinci da kuma sauran albarkatun da Rasha umurnin ya iya kafa mai tsaron gida na gari a cikin wani gajeren lokaci, don gina wani USAID (asali a ƙasarsu kusan ya ba). A halin yanzu, sojojin na yammacin masõya suna fama da cututtuka da kuma tsoro harin kare Sevastopol. Kamar yadda aka ambata daga baya, da tsaida shawara, da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da Paris da aka gudanar tare da sa hannu na ganuwa Admiral Nakhimov, wani gwarzo wanda ya mutu a lokacin da tsaro na birnin.

zaman lafiya sharuddan

Qarshe, Rasha a cikin Crimean War, sha wahala soja shan kashi. A 1855, a lokacin da tsaro na Sevastopol, ya rasu Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I, da kuma nasara ta Alexander II. A sabon monarch ya bayyana cewa fadan, duk da m nasarorin a cikin Asian gidan wasan kwaikwayo, ɓullo unfavorably ga Rasha. The mutuwar Kornilov da Nakhimov zahiri decapitated umurnin, da kara riƙewa birnin zama matsala. A 1856, Sevastopol aka shagaltar da ta sojojin na yammacin kasar. Shugabannin kasar Birtaniya, Faransa da kuma Turkey sun sanya wani daftarin yarjejeniyar kunshi hudu abubuwa, wanda aka soma da Alexander II. kwangila da kanta, da aka sani da "Aminci ya na Paris", da aka sa hannu ranar 30 Maris 1856. Ya kamata a lura da cewa ya lashe kasa, m da wani dogon soja yaƙin neman zaɓe, mai tsadar gaske, kuma na jini, ya kula da yarda daga Rasha ƙauyuka. Tom gudummawar da nasara ayyuka na mu sojojin a cikin Asian gidan wasan kwaikwayo, musamman cikin nasara storming na sansanin soja na Kars. Sharuddan da yarjejeniyar da Paris da fari ya shafa da dangantaka da Turkey, wanda aka dauka don tabbatar da hakkokin da Kirista yawan jama'a a cikin ƙasa, da saka hannu na Black Sea ruwa yanki, sharar gida a cikin ni'imar da ɗari biyu square miles na ƙasa da inviolability na gẽfunanta.

M Black Sea

A duban farko shi kawai bukaci demilitarization na Black Sea Coast domin kauce wa kara rikici tsakanin kasashen biyu a zahiri taimaka wajen karfafa Turkey ta matsayi a cikin yankin, kamar yadda Ottoman Empire rike da hakkin ya sami wani jiragen ruwa a cikin Rum da kuma Tekun Marmara. Paris duniya kuma hada da aikace-aikace (al'ada) a kan straits, ta hanyar abin da ba shi yiwuwa su auku waje warships a peacetime.

A karshen da sharuddan da Paris zaman lafiya

Duk wani soja kashi gubar zuwa taƙaitawa da rinjãye damar. Paris duniya har abada canza ma'auni na iko a Turai, sun kafa bayan sanya hannu na Vienna treatises (1815), da kuma ba a cikin ni'imar Rasha. War a general Ya saukar da yawa shortcomings kuma flaws a cikin kungiyar daga cikin sojojin da kuma sojojin ruwa gini, lamarin da ya Rasha gwamnatin da za su gudanar da jerin sauye-sauye. Bayan haka wani, wannan lokaci nasara, da Rasha-Turkish War (1877-1878) duk hane-hane na mulki, kuma yankin asarar da aka biya diyya. Saboda haka kawo karshen mataki manyan mukaman duniya. 1878-th shi ne ranar da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar da Berlin, a mayar da yankin dominance na Rasha a tekun Black Sea.