OSOAVIAHIM - dikodi mai. Society of taimako ga tsaron gida, jirgin sama da kuma sinadaran gini

A shekara ta 1927, tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa fadi yaduwar ilmi da basira da cewa su ne tushen domin kara horo na 'yan kasa a cikin sahu na sojojin kasar, da aka kafa ginin zamantakewa da cewa ya samu takamaiman sunan - Society for Tsaro, sufurin jiragen sama da kuma Chemical Construction. Rage tsawon - OSOAVIAHIM.

Samar da wani sabon soja wasanni kungiyar

Wannan ya bayyana ba soja-m kungiyar daga karce - shi aka riga da dama Tsarin, kuma da nufin horo matasa shekaru pre-conscription soja horo, amma kowanne daga cikinsu yana da kunkuntar mayar da hankali, taba kawai iyaka kewayon batutuwa. Duk da muhimmancin karfafa tsaron iyawa na kasar a shekara ta 1927 a kan himma daga cikin jama'ar kasar Commissar tsaron K. E. Voroshilova suka garwaya a cikin wani aure kungiyar - OSOAVIAHIM. Deciphering sunayen da aka ba a farkon labarin, a gaba ɗayansa, wannan nuna da nada da sabuwar kafa tsarin. Ta bayyanar sa ta wani ƙarin tsanani na kasa da kasa halin da ake ciki, ya sosai dace.

OSOAVIAHIM Tarayyar Soviet tun farkon zamanin ta zama, ya sami fadi da shahararsa daga cikin wakilan daban-daban shekaru kungiyoyi da kuma zamantakewa strata na yawan jama'a. Shekara guda daga baya, a cikin safu, akwai a kan mutane miliyan biyu. Irin wannan sarari nasarar manufofin da aka bayar da farko taimako bayar da jam'iyyar da gwamnati da kungiyoyi.

Broad kasa motsi

A karkashin wannan sabon shirin na kasa da ya kama dukan ƙasar, ya tura wani cibiyar sadarwa na horo cibiyoyin, ta shirya a kan tushen masana'antu Enterprises, kazalika da ilimi, kimiyya da kuma zane kungiyoyi. Halarci darussa masu aikin jinya, radio aiki, ko harbi kulob din ya zama saba da kuma babbar a yadda ya zama kamar wani saurayi da magidanci.

A dukan wuraren da ya halitta masaukai a wadda makarantar sakandare dalibai - gobe ta sojoji - samu damar koyi da kayan yau da kullum na soja kimiyya, koyi yin amfani da daban-daban na kananan makamai, kazalika da tuki a mota ko a tarakta. Bayan da shakka, ba shakka, batun wucewa da jarrabawa, da masu digiri sami takardun shaida da mãma, parachutists, radio aiki, da kuma sauran kwararru, nema a wartime. Kowane digiri na biyu kuma na karɓa mai lamba OSOAVIAHIM, amince a 1928, musamman gwamnatin doka.

Marksmen Marshal Voroshilov

A cikin shiri domin a nan gaba kare da Mahaifa, mahaifiyata jagorancin OSOAVIAHIM (kwafi na abbreviations da aka gabatar a farkon labarin) a kusa hadin gwiwa tare da jama'ar kasar Commissariat for Health aka ɓullo da baya yadu a san hadaddun "Ready for Labor da tsaron" (TRP). Yana hada da jerin dokokin da cewa sanin da matakin na jiki horo na daban-daban shekaru Categories, ceto daga abin da yake a cikin wadannan shekaru m.

Daga cikin sauran wasanni, wannan hadaddun hada ma a matsayin m harbi a cikin wadanda shekaru. Domin ko da fiye na da popularization a 1932 gwamnatin doka ta kafa girmamawa lamba "Voroshilov Sharpshooter". An bayar da rãyukansu suka yi samu rabo mai girma a cikin wannan horo, mafi in bukatar a taron na tashin.

Sport shooters lashe a Moscow

Bayan shekaru biyu, a Moscow girmamawa lamba da kambun da aka garwaya a cikin daya daga cikin na farko a kasar kulake da Voroshilov shooters da daraja su wakilci Tarayyar Soviet a duniya gasa, wanda ya samu halartar kibiyar wani American mai son clubs. Duka kasashen waje fafatawa a gasa, da gagarumin rinjaye a kan maki, Muscovites sun nuna sakamakon, game da abin da ya rubuta a cikin waɗannan kwanaki, da yawa jaridu a fadin duniya.

Matukan jirgin da kuma parachutists - dalibai na Moscow kulob din

Tuni a cikin farkon thirties a mafi masana'antu Enterprises a kasar su ne na farko da kungiyoyin OSOAVIAHIM, wani lokacin cikar unprecedented sikelin ayyukan. An misali ne Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Shuka. A kan tushen da ta} ungiyoyin jama'a, masu gwagwarmaya a kan aikin horo na matukan jirgin da kuma wasu jiragen sama kwararru da aka kafa.

Idan wasanni sashe ko wani harbi kulob din a wancan lokacin sun kasance a kusan kowane kasuwanci, da horo na matukan jirgi karshe na aikin na primary kungiyar zuwa na gaba matakin da shuka. A cikin wannan kulob din na parachutists da aka kafa, wanda mambobin hada da maza da mata. A tarihin duniya wasanni da ya shiga rikodin sa a 1934, jam'iyyar Ninoy Kamenevoy wanda hagu jirgin sama a tsawon dubu uku mita da kuma bude alfarwa kawai biyu da ɗari mita zuwa ga ƙasa.

Taimakon a cikin kungiyar na sabis kare

An sani cewa a daidai wannan lokacin don taimaka iyakar sojojin kasar, kazalika da gawawwakin 'yan sanda a birnin Moscow, a kan tushen da birnin kungiyar OSOAVIAHIM, an halitta a model kulob sabis kare. ManzancinSa ba haka ba ne sosai horar da karnuka don amfani a daban-daban iri tsare da 'yan sanda kare, kamar yadda kare handlers horo sabon shiga da suke so su bada kansu zuwa ga aiki tare da dabbobi.

Daya daga cikin halittun Osoaviahima ne sanannen yau domin dukan duniya na St. Petersburg kulob sabis kare, kwanan bikin ta saba'in da biyar ranar tunawa. Kyaututukan da ya samu ba za a iya overestimated. Isar da shi a ambaci cewa a St. Petersburg a karon farko 'yan kulob yi a shirya haka rare a zamanin yau World Championships da sabis kare kiwo a Turai.

OSOAVIAHIM matakai shirya domin yaki

A lokacin da a 1939 ya barke a Turai farko cibiyoyin nan gaba duniya yaki, da kuma barazana da wani hari a kan kasar, da ta zama quite shakka, tare da sojoji da yawa horo da shi gudanar da OSOAVIAHIM. Deciphering abbreviations mamaki ya bayanan kula a matsayin fifiko da ya inganta duk-zagaye tsaro na kasar. Majalisar Tsakiya ta kungiyar a wancan lokacin, an yanke shawarar sake tsara da ilimi tsari da kuma maye da'irar koyo tsarin halittar raka'a kama da wadanda aka bayar a cikin sojojin.

A sakamakon aikin da za'ayi a cikin guntu yiwu lokacin, shekara biyu kafin yaki ne kawai a cikin babban birnin kasar da aka shirya game da dubu uku da ɗari biyu da kungiyoyin na kariyar kai da cewa za a iya kai da yaki da al'ada maƙiyi, amma ga farkon yakin da lambar karu zuwa dubu huɗu. Bugu da ƙari, an halitta fiye da 1100 tashoshin da anti-sinadaran tsaro, ma'aikata na wanda wuce dubu 700. Man. Qasashen abin yabo ma'aikata Osoaviahima Moscow da kuma mafi yawan manyan birane a kasar ne kuma wani farar hula horo ayyuka a cikin wani yanayi na iska hare-hare na makiya.

Ƙoƙarin canza baya ginin zamantakewa

OSOAVIAHIM kamar guda kungiyar wanzu har 1948, bayan da shawarar da gwamnatin shi aka sake tsarafa kuma ya kasu kashi uku m al'ummu, kowanne daga abin da ya iyakance ikon yinsa, na da ayyukan da wani fanni. Saboda haka, na farko daya na musamman tare da taimakon sojoji, na biyu - sufurin jiragen sama, na uku - Navy.

Duk da haka, wannan rabo ya kasance m, kuma a shekarar 1951 duk rassa uku aka sake garwaya a cikin guda mahaluži, kira DOSAAF da kuma a mutunta mutane da yawa kama da na baya OSOAVIAHIM, deciphering acronyms wanda jaddada ciki hadin kai na sojojin ta zuwa ga tsaron gida. Yau, da wannan tsarin kuma soke da kuma ta ayyuka canjawa wuri zuwa ma'aikatar gaggawa yanayi.