Nau'o'i rubutu. Yadda za a ayyana Genre na rubutu? Misalan rubutu nau'o'i a Rasha

Mun fuskanci wani iri-iri na matani a kowace rana: wasu daga cikin "kira" mu saya wani abu (talla logungi), wasu gaya wata tursasawa labarin (fiction), na uku da muka yi amfani da su isar da bayanai ga interlocutor (tattaunawar).

Mun gani, ji, ko ambaci wasu haduwa da haruffa, da kuma wani lokacin ba ma tunanin abin da style da suka gabatar, da abin da nau'o'i na rubutu da muke amfani da shi. Mun yi wannan lamirinsu - abubuwan da magana da kasuwanci abokan, da damar da kanmu ga irin harshe na dabam a wani m tattaunawar, jiran da kyau kwatancin na adabi da kuma a sarari gabatar da bayanai daga kimiyya.

Amma wani lokacin da zabi na style iya zama erroneous, watau, ba dace da jawabin halin da ake ciki. Ta yaya za a iya wannan a iya kauce masa? Sai dai itace cewa akwai wani kimiyya - style, wanda aka nazarin style, irin, Genre da rubutu taimaka wajen fahimtar da rarrabuwa.

Bari mu yi kokarin fahimtar ma'ana yiwuwa na da rubutu, su yi nazarin rarrabuwa na styles da nau'o'i, da kuma sanin abin da a yanayi kamata amfani da su.

conversational style

Wannan salon ne mafi dace wa sadarwa a rayuwar yau da kullum, kuma yana da hali na live sadarwa a tsakanin mutane daban-daban na zamantakewa daraja da kuma matakin na ilimi. Yana za a iya bayyana a matsayin hanyar tattaunawa da kuma na sirri rubutu (email, chat, saƙonnin imel).

Styles da nau'o'i na rubutu da suke da samuwa don sadarwa a rayuwar yau da kullum, da ba m iyaka, m to kurakurai, da damar ga gabatarwar waje harshe, irin harshe na dabam kalmomi, abbreviations, kuma ko da ashar. Bugu da kari, a wani conversational style, ta amfani da free kalma domin.

Misali tattaunawa:

A: To, druzhban, a shirye su sa a kashe?
B: Eh, na riga da rufin da ke daga wannan cramming ...

Domin wannan style ne halin da wani tunanin canza launi, wanda aka samu ta hanyar da ƙari, Pet handling, haushinka ko ni'ima.

Misali tattaunawa:

A: Hurray!
B: Abin da ya faru, 'yata?
A: mamma, na dauki gubar rawa a wata makaranta samar.
B: To, abin da ba ku da ni umnichka!

Bugu da kari, a wani conversational style akwai daban-daban interjections, cike da pauses a cikin tattaunawa, da kuma kalmar-parasites, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci a maimaita magana.

Misali tattaunawa:

A: A takaice, zan zo da shi ... Mun amince. A takaice, ka gane!?
B: To ..?
A: Kuma shi, a takaice, ba a gida.

All tayi a conversational style ne mai sauki da kuma bayyana a fili. Sun yi ba kaifin kwatancen da wuya magana.

Misali tattaunawa:

- Kofi zai zama?
- Ku zo!
- Tare da sukari?
- No.

kimiyya style

Wannan salon da ake amfani da gabatar da hujjõji hujjojin kimiyya da ke da hasken da hali.

Ya bambanta da salon magana, kimiyya style kiyaye tare da wani tunanin ra'ayi, shi ne bayyananne jerin gabatar. Ya ba jure kuskure da kuma salon magana maganganu.

Kowane harka na kimiyya gabatarwa ne a karkashin wani tushe na muhawara hakikanta ta munasaba.

Kimiyya style yana mai bayyana labari tsarin:

- gabatarwar, wadda tana nufin wani musamman ka'idar.
- da girma daga abin da suke muhawara da counter.
- A ƙarshe, takaita duk hujjojin.

Wannan salon da aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na da kyau-da ma'ana monologue da kuma tattaunawa dauki wani nau'i na tattaunawa. Tarbiyyar dukkan mahalarta a cikin tattaunawa an gabatar wa juna a cikin wani m hanya.

Misali tattaunawa:

A: Wannan Theorem ba ya bukatar hujja.
B: Na hakuri, Dr. Fedorov, dole saba tare da ku.

A kimiyya style halin da amfani da musamman terminology da kalmomi da cewa ba su yi amfani da magana da harshen. Bugu da kari, kamar yadda ƙaddamar da amfani kalmomi yi nufin jaddada ma'ana jerin kalamai: haka, misali, ta hanyar, da dai sauransu

misali:

Karkatacciya hali na wasu mutane ne sau da yawa hade da ba daidai ba da ginin manyan al'amurra sarkar.

Wannan salon ya yi daidai da rubutu nau'o'i kamar yadda rahotanni, makala, articles, handbooks.

Official-kasuwanci style

Wannan style of kasuwanci tattaunawar. bayanai gabatar Hanyar cikin wannan salon da aka kayyade da kuma daidaita, la'akari da matsayin da wanzuwar musamman siffofin da kan sarki. Ya na da daidaici, conciseness, neutrality labari.

Gane wannan style iya zama, da kuma gaban musamman kalmomi: saboda, a kan tushen, umurninSa, yarda, da manemi, da m, mutumin da a lura, ka dauki mataki, da dai sauransu

misali:

A dangane da din take hakkin horo umarce ka cire ɗan ƙasa Ivanova AE daga hukuma aikinsu wajen ci gaba da dalilai.

Tattaunawa tsakanin jam'iyyun hukumance-kasuwanci tattaunawar da aka gudanar a wani m iri, ba tare da la'akari da cancantar da alkuki shagaltar a cikin kasuwanci matsayi.

Misali tattaunawa:

A: Marina Petrovna, don Allah, ka zõ mana da kofi.
B: Kamar minti daya, Sergey Viktorovich.

Official style of rubutu da kuma nau'o'i hada da kwangila, kasuwanci bada shawarwari, da dokoki, da dokoki, aikace-aikace, da dokoki, da kasuwanci rubutu, da kuma, ba shakka, da kasuwanci tattaunawa.

aikin jaridar style

Aiki da wannan salon ne ya sadar bayanai ga talakawa, haske rawa events, daukan hotuna, kira ga mataki.

Wannan salon da aka yi amfani da yafi ta kafofin watsa labarai da kuma shi ne mafi shubuha. Yana iya zama ba a matsayin tsabta, daidaito da kuma neutrality, da kuma a tunaninsu, bayyana ra'ayin. Simple sentences iya sauyawa tare da hadaddun. -Rubuce labari ne cike da metaphors, epithets, misãlai, za su iya sau da yawa sami aro kalmomi, gina a wani sabon abu sarkar. Shi ne kuma ya dace da irony da sarcasm.

Duk wani dokoki a kan gina bayanai gabatar Tsarin iya karya daya babban dalilin - to jawo hankalin hankalin masu karatu ko sauraro.

misali:

Abin da koran matasa don irin wannan sabanin ayyukansu? Bad iyaye? Korau da matsi na tsara? Lafiyar Qasa? Ina ganin matsalar shi ne a cikin kwakwalwa magudana.

Nau'o'i aikin jaridar texts hada da jaridar articles, mujallu, farfaganda da shirye-shirye, da siyasa, da jawabai da kuma muhawara.

art style

Kowane mutum na da fi so littafin. Yana da wani halayyar da haruffa da kuma bayanin irin duniya kewaye, bayanawa al'amuran, gwama yanayi, da bayanin irin hali, tunani da kuma murya tattaunawa.

Wannan shi ne wani wallafe-wallafen da rubutu.

misali:

Ya kasance zumudi sosai cewa ba zan iya magana. Ta ma, na shiru.

Almarar yana da wani bayyanannen iyakoki da kuma ya yiwo aro halaye daga sauran styles. A halin maganganu, conversational style za a iya amfani, da kuma wasu daga cikin monologues da aka bayyana a cikin kimiyya style. Amma irin wannan tunanin-ma'ana dabaru, a matsayin epithet, Misalin da misãli - shi ne mai zalla da wallafe-wallafen da rubutu.

misali:

Ganye walƙiya bargovo-amber launuka karkashin haskoki na wucewa na faɗuwar rana.

Bada shawarwari a cikin wannan style cike da ma'ana da kuma saɓanin ma'ana. Karbar m almarar da aka alternately da ake ji sauki da kuma hadadden sentences.

misali:

A 'yan mil I aka gudanar saukar da babban titi, sa'an nan ya juya a cikin wani wurin shakatawa da kuma frantically duba kewaye. Komai.

Typology na adabi nau'o'i a cikin irin

Nau'in rubutu Genre aka sanya a fannoni uku: siffar, ƙunshiya da kuma shekaru.

By jam'iyya da ake nufi wani nau'i na adabi ayyukan tare da m m Properties.

Akwai da wadannan nau'o'i na rubutu a cikin irin:

1. A play - a wallafe-wallafen halitta, tsara don Theatrical wasanni a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo.

2. Story - litattafan labari na daya ko fiye haruffa a kewaye a cikin hamsin shafukan.

3. The labari - wani aikin na almara sikelin, gaya game da canza ra'ayinmu na gwarzo, shawo kan rikicin lokaci da kuma ruhaniya Tarurrukan. Akwai dole ne ba daya ko fiye na protagonists (babban harafin, jihãdi ga wani musamman nufi) da kuma antagonist (hali, hana cimma babban burin da protagonist). A girma daga samfurin iya bambanta daga 200 shafukan zuwa dama kundin.

4. Tale - a giciye a tsakanin labarin da labari. Yana dogara ne a kan hadisin da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin rãyuwar protagonist.

5. muqala - wani aiki na gwaninta da cewa ba ya dauke da cikin rikici.
Akwai kuma wasu nau'o'i iri na rubutu a wannan category (almara labarin, wani Ode), amma a wannan mataki na cin gaban wallafe-wallafe, su ne ba kamar yadda rare kamar yadda sama iri.

Feature ciki nau'o'i

Nau'o'i da rubutu a Rasha harshen da za a iya classified da abun ciki:

1. Comedy - wani samfurin tare da wani karfi m ko satirical overtones.

Misalai: "Bone ya tabbata daga wit", "Taming na Shrew," "Sufeto," "An Ideal Husband".

2. A bala'i - labarin irin wannan samfurin da aka gina a kan wani jerin abubuwan da zai babu makawa kai ga wani ban tausayi karshen.

Misalai: "alƙarya," "Romeo Juliet", "Mu-Mu".

3. Drama - tushen kayayyakin a irin wannan mutum hulda ne da matsala ga al'umma, tare da kiyaye muhalli, da tare da kanta.

Misalan "Green Mile", "Life ara", "Wuthering".

Nau'o'i da rubutu a Rasha harshen: da rarrabuwa na HALITTAR

A wannan category ne da wadannan iri texts:

1. Epic - ayyuka miƙa a lokacin, cikakken jam'i na babban da kuma karin haruffa, events da motsin zuciyarmu. A labarin da aka fada da farko daga gaban wani m Kiyayewa, kuma aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na tunanin na ya faru taron.

2. Lyrics - wallafe-wallafen da rubutu, arziki azanci shine abubuwan da marubucin nasu tunani.

3. lyric epos - The Combined type, tunawa halaye da kuma Almara da lyric iri.

4. Drama gina a kan dangantakar da ke tsakanin haruffan kansu. Yana bayyana, yafi a cikin nau'i na tattaunawa tare da Bayani rubutu na marubucin.

Yadda za a ayyana Genre na rubutu: wasu dubaru

Don ba wani rarrabuwa na wani samfurin, shi wajibi ba ne kawai don yada shi a kan shelves, ƙidãya yawan shafukan da tantance wani tunanin, amma kuma ya fahimci marubucin ideas, to fahimta da hali na haruffa, kõma daga rubuta a halin kirki.

Abin da ji ka samu ta hanyar karanta wallafe-wallafen halittar? Za ka iya taimakawa, amma dariya? Mafi m, karanta samfurin da aka na a comedic hali. Ba za ka iya rike baya da hawãye, sabõda kwatsam da mutuwar ƙaunataccen gwarzo? Shin, ba ka karanta da bala'i. Dangantaka tsakanin haruffan har yanzu ci gaba da ku a kan yatsun kafa? Yanzu, kana saba da Genre - wasan kwaikwayo.

Yadda babban aikinku? Zai yiwu shi ne 'yan shafukan da rubutu, wani labarin game da wasu aukuwa a rayuwa da hali. Wannan shi ne labarin. Ko da yake shi ne halittar wani Multi-girma da yawa haruffa da kuma m mãkirci. A wannan yanayin da muke magana ne game da labari.

Kamar yadda aka zayyana rubutu: bushe da nuna rashin bambanci, ko, a akasin haka, a sarari, kuma da haushi? A farkon yanayin, da samfurin da za a iya bayyana a matsayin almara, a karo na biyu - a matsayin lyrics.

Rarraba ayoyin daban-daban nau'o'i ne ba don haka da wuya, shi ya ishe don su gane ma'anar.