Genre

Literary nau'o'i - ne kungiyoyin na adabi ayyukansu, wanda suna da ha kan m da gudunmawata halaye. su ga tarihi, da fuskantar da fitowan, yawan, da kuma wasu ƙi. Bi da su litattafan, short labaru, elegies, satires, labarai, comedy da sauransu. D. A ra'ayi na adabi nau'o'i narrower fiye da wallafe-wallafen harkokinmu. Kowane wallafe-wallafen tseren ruwansa da dama nau'o'i. Alal misali, labari, short labarin labari na marubucin almara irin wallafe-wallafe.

A farko ƙoƙari systematize wallafe-wallafen nau'o'i gudanar a cikin "Poetics" ta Aristotle. Ya wakilta su a matsayin wani abu na halitta, kafa sau daya kuma ga dukan. Marubucin dai kawai shige zuwa cikin norms na Genre to wanda shi ne jawabi. Wannan fahimtar ta kai ga zargin wani irin normative poetics litattafan. Mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne wani rubutun "Poetic Art" N. Boileau. Hakika, tun Aristotle wallafe-wallafen da al'ummomi da kuma nau'o'i, kada ka zauna gaba daya canzawa, amma theorists sun fi so su ko dai watsi da bidi'a ko ya kãfirta da su. Yana dade dai babu wani daga cikin tsari, ba ya zama ba zai yiwu ba abin da ke faruwa a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Wasu nau'o'i na adabi ayyukansu ba zato ba tsammani ya tashi sama, kuma kamar yadda sauri mutu fita, kawai lokaci-lokaci watse daga kan m sararin sama (as shi ne a Ballad). Others, a kan m daga wani m "ƙarshe" (misali, da labari).

A cikin gida da wallafe-wallafen ka'idar barata wallafe-wallafen nau'o'i da kuma al'ummomi, shi nasa V. G. Belinskomu. Ya gano iri uku, dangane da tsarin kula da marubucin zuwa hanya domin gabatar da wani batu na hira: da almara, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wakoki.

Jingina ayyukansu zuwa wani salo dogara a kan abin da sharudda ga kafa. Idan ka yi la'akari da wallafe-wallafen jinsin halittar (drama, shayari, almara), duk nau'o'i rarrabu, bi da bi, ban mamaki, lyrical da almara.

Aiki wakiltar wani ban mamaki irin adabi - yana da wani comedy, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma bala'i.

Comedy da aka tsara don yin tunãni wani abu incongruous a rayuwa, na izgili, m, ko na zaman sabon abu, halaye na dabi'ar mutum, wani lokacin m hali.

Drama - a aikin da suke nuna wani hadadden rikici tsakanin dama da haruffa, tsanani adawa tsakanin su.

Tashin hankalin - wani aiki a cikin abin da yanayin da harafin ya bayyana a yaki, manyan zuwa mutuwarsa ko a yanayi na wanda ya ba ya ganin babu albarkacin hanyar fita.

Literary ayyukansu, wakiltar irin almara adabi, ya kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin:

- manyan (labari, almara da kuma almara).

- talakawan (labarin).

- kananan (short labarin, muqala, labarin).

Har ila yau a cikin wannan salo hada da hikaya, almara, Ballad, labari, tarihi song da labari.

Aiki wakiltar lyrical irin adabi - yana da epigram, stanzas, Ode, elegy da wasika.

Elegy - kadan waka, cikakken imbued tare da kadan bakin ciki. Mafi shahara elegy litattafansu na 19th karni.

Saƙon - wannan shi ne wani aiki da aka rubuta a cikin wani poetic magani ga mutum daya ko a dama da rãyukansu ba.

Ode - waka a cikin girmamawa da ko mai zuwa bikin girmama na wani mutum, halin da babbar sha'awa.

Bugu da kari, a yanzu mataki na adabi ware daya more lyric-almara irin wallafe-wallafe. Yana hadawa da siffofin da lyric, kuma almara waka da kuma gabatar. Wannan aikin da gaskiya bayyana kanta shubuha. A daya hannun, ya gaya daki-daki, game da wasu taron, harafin (da almara), da kuma a kan sauran - da ji, moods, ji, ko halin da ya riwaito ta ciki duniya, ta haka ne gabatowa da lyrics.

A cikin 'yan shekaru, sabon nau'o'i na adabi bai bayyana.