M ba participle: Misalan

Tarayya - shi ne ikon kai biyu da mataki da ta alama. Sau da yawa da shi da ake amfani da "sauƙaƙe" da tayin da kuma canja wurin fitattu zane a wata mafi dunkule version of shi. Ga misali:

Tale - a wallafe-wallafen source, wanda yakan taimaka wa yaro wajen samar da hasashensu.

Tale - a wallafe-wallafen source, wanda yakan taimaka wa yaro wajen samar da hasashensu.

Daga fi'ilai suna kafa a matsayin m participle ba da baya, kazalika da real.

Tabbatar da dalilin da tarayya

A Rasha, da zumuntar kira na musamman nau'i na aikatau, na nuna wata ãyã daga cikin mataki na magana. Bukin da nan da nan biyu morphological Properties:

1. Da bayyanar cututtuka na hali na fi'ili.
2. Da ãyõyin manufofi.

Kamar fi'ilai, participles daga can:

• view - cikakke (amsa tambaya "abin da ya yi" - yaron wanda ya karanta littafi), kuma ajizai ( "abin da ya yi" su "yi" - wani yãro karanta wani littafi).
• reflexivity (kari na baya baki ƙare a - Xia - Magana msl, turare) da kuma transience (wasa).
• da siffar (samu aiki - don samun wani aiki), da kuma na yanzu lokaci (Playing - Playing).
• za a iya samu daga fi'ili tsallakawa kuma mara tsallakawa, da kuma zama mai aiki da kuma m.

Kamar yadda manufofi, participles ne:

• haife (yaro zane - namiji, da jawo wata yarinya - mata, da cewa paints wata na'urar - neuter).

• lamba (da mutum wanda yayi tunani game da abinci, fentin hoto - kawai abu; mutanen da suka tunani game da abinci, mutane suna kõma - jam'i) .
• mutuwar.
• kammala da tsari, har ma da m da short form (misali, marubucin ƙirƙira - buga by marubucin).

Easy don tuna, cewa m participle a yanzu da kuma baya suna yi ne kawai daga fi'ilai tsaka-tsakin sifa.

tsallakawa

Wadannan fi'ilai koma zuwa mataki tare da mika mulki ga batun kuma ko da yaushe dangantaka da suna ko wakilin suna ya zargi. nominative, ba tare da uzuri:

• da mai sayarwa ke yin la'akari (abin da?) cuku (mai nauyi da mai sayarwa (cewa) da cuku?).
• yaro ya gana (wanda?) mahaifiyarsa (ya gana da dan (wanda) mahaifiyata).

Akwai wani togiya ga wannan mulkin, misali, ta hanyar hana wani suna ko wakilin suna iya tsaya wa ba da haihuwa. nominative ba tare da wani uzuri (ba a ci abinci domin abincin rana (wani abu) miya - miya, ci abinci a abincin rana). A wannan kebewa ya shafi idan mataki na nuna batu na (yanke (wani abu) burodi -? A yanke (wani abu) daga burodi ne bai isa ba).

Production na m participles

Tarayya, na nuna batun, wata ãyã a dangane da mataki ne da za'ayi, suna m. Ga misali:

• Kifi (abin da?), A kama da masunta, ya irin kifi.
• Zobe (abin da?), Daukar kwayar daga tsara zuwa tsara, ta hanyar da mace line.
• Ilimi (abin da?), An samo a yi, zama da kwarewa.
• Yar kyanwa (abin da?), Tsince a kan titi, ya girma a babban tagulla cat.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga misalai, m participle amsa tambayoyi iri guda a matsayin manufofi.

M ba participle samu daga sansanonin ajizai fom in real lokaci. Ga misali:

• ganin - da ake iya gani;
• son - a fi so.
• magana - govorimy.
• ji - ji.

M participle a baya siga - shi aka samu daga rashin tabbas na fi'ili:

• goge - Yana share.
• ga - wahayi.
• sa - sanya.

M ba participle (Misalai sama) ba su da wani cikakken bayyanar.

Suffixes a cikin rãyuwar siga

Kari na baya baki a lokacin da samar m participles aka kai tsaye alaka fi'ili conjugations. Suffixes m participles kwanan wata - 1 Tasrifu - shi - st da 2 - don su.

• kalla - lura (Tasrifu 1).
• sell - sayar (1 Ref.).
• wear - sawa (1 Ref.).
• store - adana (2 Ref.).
• gishiri - Solimena (2 Ref.).
• kõra - kora (2 Ref.).

Akwai ware a cikin abin da m ba participle na mara tsallakawa fi'ilai suna da ciwon kusa da shi sunaye ko magana da a instrumental hali. Ga misali:

• kai (abin da?) tawagar - wata tawagar a karkashin jagorancin Cif.
• iko (da wanda?) ne - mutane mallaki kansu.

A yawan fi'ilai, ba su halicci irin wannan participle a cikin rãyuwar siga a duk. Misalai na irin wannan fi'ili: doke, to dinka, wani wuri rubuta da sauransu. Idan ba a aiki na "samar da m participle na yanzu lokaci", to, kawai bukatar ka tuna game da wadannan ware.

The kawai fi'ili, forming iri biyu m participle a yanzu lokaci, wannan motsa - wani mutum kore ta da ra'ayin. magana, motsa da ikon tunani. A wannan yanayin, da kari na baya baki na m ba participle muhimmi a duka biyu Tasrifu.

Suffixes a baya siga

Tarayya a baya siga aka sanya daga ajizai ne kuma cikakken irin fi'ilai :

• biyu - nn - a cikin m participle ake amfani da lokacin da fi'ilin ƙare a -at, -yat, -et: karanta - karanta, kada - sanya.
• -enn kari na baya baki aka sanya da fi'ilai akai, ƙare da s ko -it: kawo - kawo, to sa - m.
• kari na baya baki - m ne ya sa a cikin samuwar fi'ili ƙare a -nut, -ot, -eret, msl, kusa - rufe, nika - ƙasa, kulle - kulle.

Kari na baya baki - t ana amfani don ƙirƙirar m participles na monosyllabic fi'ilai, kamar wanka - wanke, ta doke - dukan tsiya da sauransu.

Wasu fi'ilai, misali, kai, duba, soyayya, kada ƙirƙirar m participle, kuma daga fi'ilai ƙare a -sti, -ST, a baya siga suna kafa ko dai daga yanzu, ko nan gaba lokaci:

• kawo gida - a kawo shi gida.
• da bangaskiya - bangaskiya-samu.
• sata agogo - da sata agogon.

A cikin wadannan misalai, da fi'ilai a nan gaba siga, amma a baya participle.

siffofin participles

M participle zo a cikin 2 siffofin a baya da kuma a yanzu lokaci - cikakken kuma dunkule. A takaice form, suka jingina a kan lambobin, da kuma a guda - a kan iznin, kamar yadda za a iya gani daga wadannan shawarwari:

• M ba participle: da birni, ƙone (.. namiji jinsi, da yawan raka'a) - birnin ƙone zuwa ga ƙasa. birnin ƙone zuwa ga ƙasa (. jam'i) - birnin ƙone zuwa ga ƙasa.
• short siffofin a baya siga: littafin karanta sauri - littafin da aka karanta da sauri.

Full siffofin da biyu suffixes -n: -nn, -enn alhãli kuwa daya - n - a takaice dai m participle. Alal misali, an inganta version - version na inganta ci asirce da tunani - tunani utaeny. Ba duk zumuntar da irin wannan suna da wani short form, misali, bawa, sanar, govorimy da sauransu.

Kamar yadda jumla, takaice dai kamar yadda jimlar m participle iya zama wani, amma mafi sau da yawa shi predicates:

• hanya (Abin da ya yi) da aka dalaye su da zinariya ganye (fi'ili).

• ya yi barci (abin da?), song lulled (definition).
• music wahayi, (abin da?) na fara yi rawa (definition).

A cikin irin predicates takaice dai participle amfani da karin ko iya zama daban, misali, da kantin sayar da shi ne bude - kantin sayar da bude.

karkatar participles

Tun da m participle manufofi da irin wannan Properties, ba za su iya dogara ga lokuta (a raka'a. Number), lambobi da kuma nau'i. Cikakken m participle karkata kamar yadda irin wannan siffofin manufofi, wato, a lokuta, na haihuwa, da lambobin. Brief tarayya iya kawai jingina a kan lambobin da kuma bar.

• Kuma - weights (mutane) daga cikin weights (mace) weights (yawan) surveyed (yara).
• P - hira (mutum) na weights (mace) weights (yawan) na weights (yara).
• D - weights (mutum) na weights (mace), da weights (mutane) daga cikin weights (yara).
• B - hira (mutum) na weights (mace) weights (yawan) na weights (yara).
• T - weights (mutum) na weights (mace) weights (yawan) na weights (yara).
• P - (v) na weights (da mutum) na weights (mace), da weights (yawan) na weights (yara).

A kwantena tsari, za ka iya zaɓar da jinsi da kuma yawan game da tarayya suna ko wakilin suna: da mutum a tambaye, da mace tuhumar neman a rika, da yawan surveyed, da yara hira.

Za m participles a siffa

The bada shawarwari da m ba participle (misalai a kasa) na iya sau da yawa cika da muhimmancin manufofi, da kuma suka rasa wannan rukuni, a matsayin lokaci m da riba darajar abu fasalin. Alal misali, Laden jirgin ruwan, gasa kek.

Wannan sabon abu siffofin kawo cikin Bayani kalmomi, yayin da su kansu an rubuta su a wani m participle da daya - Mr. : Nn, misali - idan akwai karin kalmomi, sa'an nan ya sa biyu a kari na baya baki

• mai rauni dabba - wuka da dabba.
• Laden jirgin ruwan - wani jirgin ruwan loaded tare da kifi.
• gasa irin kek - cookies a cikin tanda kek.

A m participles da ciwon da prefix ne ko da yaushe biyu - n a kari na baya baki. Alal misali, thawed, inganta, zaɓaɓɓu, glowing, da sauransu.

Kari na baya baki -ovanny ko da yaushe rubuta biyu - gundumar, koda lokacin da sacrament aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani siffa - fikinik, wani m mutum.

Barbashi "ba" a cikin m participle

A cikin sharu ɗ, tare da Bayani suna ko wakilin suna, da barbashi "ba" ne ko da yaushe rubuta dabam. Ga misali:

• ya kai ga gareji uncleared hanya - kai ga gareji ba barrantar da snow hanya.
• ba a kare ba shayi ya kan tebur - ba dopit inna shayi ya kan tebur.

Tare da short m participle "ba" barbashi rubuta dabam: shi ba a gama ba, matsalar da aka ba a warware, tafarkin da ya ba da aka kammala.

alamar rubutu lokacin rubuta participles

Tarayya da m kalmomi, da image jũya, wanda yayi bambanta da wakafi. Maganar cewa ma'anar da sacrament aka kira niyya. Idan sacrament tsaye har zuwa kalma, babu waƙafi: dutse tubalan sahu hanya kai ga shakatawa. A togiya ne yawa alaka da wakilin suna: tada muryoyin, ta tashi da sauri.

Tarayya, yana tsaye bayan da kalmar tsaye daga aya: da mota koro, splashed da laka. Idan tarayya da dogara da kalmomi tsaye a tsakiyar jumla, shi tsaye daga alamomin rubutu a garesu: da mota, splashed da laka, koro baya.