Museum na Vera Mukhina: adireshin, hoto da bayanin bayanin

Vera Ignatyevna Mukhina tana daya daga cikin shahararren mata masu shahararrun tarihi a tarihin duniya. A kasarmu babu wani mutum wanda bai saba da aikinta mafi shahararren - alamar "Mai aiki da kuma Collective Farm Girl", wanda aka sanya a ƙofar arewa zuwa Nuna Harkokin Tattalin Arziki ta kasa kuma ita ce alamar "Mosfilm". An haife shi ne a Feodosia, inda mahaifinta ya dauke shi bayan mutuwar mahaifiyarta. A shekara ta 1985, a gidan gidan da ta zauna, an buɗe tashar kayan tarihi na Vera Mukhina.

Ginin

An gina ɗakin gine-ginen kayan tarihi na kayan aikin injiniya a daya daga cikin gine-gine a kan titin Kerch na yanzu (a yanzu titin Fedko), inda dangin Mukhin ya rayu daga 1892 har mutuwar mahaifinsa (1904). Abin farin ciki, tare da rushe wani asusun gidaje mai banƙyama a cikin tsakiyar shekarun 1980, an yanke facade na gine-gine don kiyaye shi. Daga bisani an kara sabbin kayan gini zuwa sabon gini, wanda ke da gidan kayan gargajiyar Vera Mukhina.

Bayani na dakuna

Dalili na gidan kayan gargajiya shi ne gidan tunawa na Vera Mukhina. A ta daga hotunan da tunaninsu na dangi da aka sake halittarsa yanayi da suke kewaye da nan gaba na sanannen sculptor a cikin shekaru a lokacin da ta kasance a cikin makaranta. Don haka, ana amfani da kayan gida na ainihin ga iyalin Mukhin, da kuma abubuwa masu ciki na farkon karni na 20.

Dakin na biyu an yi masa ado a matsayin nau'i na zane-zane mai ban mamaki na shahararren masanin. Har ila yau an nuna kayan da kayan aiki na sirri, wanda Vera Ignatyevna yayi amfani da ita a aikinta.

Bayani

Gidan Museum na Vera Mukhina (Theodosia) ya gabatar da sassan sassa guda biyar:

• "Yara da matasa na masanin";
• "Nazarin kasashen waje";
• "Creativity of Vera Mukhina kafin 1941";
• "Ayyukan mai wallafa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu";
• "Yanayin aikin karshe na Mukhina".

Daga cikin abubuwan mafi ban sha'awa na gidan kayan gargajiya sune nau'ikan katako da kuma nau'in ayyuka. Daga cikinsu:

• Abubuwan da aka kwatanta da Mr. Gorky da kuma abin da ake kira "Sciences";
• Nau'in siffofi "Gifts of the Earth" da "Gifts of Water";
• Kayan aikin marmaro "Firebird";
• 2 zane zuwa alamar "Mai aiki da kuma Collective Farm Girl";
• Ayyukan monuments ga "Heroes na Sevastopol" da kuma "Heroic Aviation", da dai sauransu.

Bugu da ƙari, bayanan gidan kayan gargajiya ya gabatar da takarda na Mukhina, zabin mujallu da jaridu da suka shafi rayuwarta da aikinsa, da aka tattara a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, da kuma hotunan hotunan daga asali na iyali.

Sauran nuni

Kamar yadda ka sani, Vera Mukhina ya kasance cikin aikin koyarwa har tsawon shekaru. Gidan gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda aka keɓe don aikinta, ya nuna yawan ayyukan ɗalibai da mataimakansa: wanda ya lashe lambar yabo AM Sergeev, S. Kazakov, Z. Ivanova da N. Zelenskaya. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin shekaru 30, tarin abubuwan da masu fasahar zamani, ciki har da Crimean, suka kafa. Ya haɗa da tasoshin kaya da kayan aikin gine-gine da aka bayar a gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma tarin ayyukan yara, wanda ya karbi kyauta a wasanni na kasa da kasa. Sabili da haka, zancen ya ci gaba sosai, kuma mazauna Theodosia sukan zo gidan kayan gargajiyar don ganin sabon ɗakunan da zane.

Hotuna yara na zane-zane

Gidan Museum na Vera Mukhina na daga cikin shahararren al'adu da ilimi na Feodosia. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da kawai a Rasha da CIS Gallery of Children's Marine Painting. Yana aiki ne a Makarantar Makarantar Yara da aka laƙafta bayan da aka fi sani da Theodosius na kowane lokaci - IK Aivazovsky.

Yadda za a samu can

Adireshin inda gidan kayan gargajiya na Vera Mukhina yake: Crimea, Feodosia, titin Fedko, da dai sauransu. 1. Wadanda suke so su je can, ba za su bincika wannan al'adun al'adun na dogon lokaci ba, tun da yake ba a kusa da birnin ba. Alal misali, ana iya samun gidan kayan gargajiya daga Komsomol Park, ta bi kudu-yamma tare da Fedko Street.

Museum of Vera Mukhina a Moscow

Don zama daidai, babu irin wannan ma'aikata a babban birnin. Duk da haka, yawancin Muscovites suna kira shi Cibiyar Gidajen Gida da Cibiyar Nuna "Ma'aikata da Rukunin Kayan Goma" (tarho don bayani: 8 (495) 683-56-40). An samo shi a cikin sashin abin shahararren sanannen, wanda aka sake rubuta shi bisa ga aikin asalin Boris Iofan. A tsakiyar yi akwai manyan fari dakin a cikin style of Stalinist Empire style tare da ja star a kasa. A kan ganuwar gidan kayan gargajiya an rataye hotunan da ke nuna tarihin halittar abin tunawa, da sufuri da zanga-zanga a birnin Paris, da rayuwar masu marubuta da sauran mutane da suka shafi abubuwan da suka faru.

A lokaci guda kuma, babban mutum, wanda aikinsa yake a gidan kayan gargajiya, shine Vera Mukhina. Moscow (adireshin Cibiyar Hul] a da Ƙasar Duniya "Ma'aikata da Tattara Farm Girl": Mira Avenue, 123B) ita ce birni inda mafi yawan ayyukansa ke samuwa. Bugu da ƙari, an yi nazarin bita na gidan sculptor a Prechistenka, amma ba gidan kayan gargajiya ba ne.

Gidan gidan gidan Vera Mukhina a Riga

Kamar yadda ka sani, an haifi sanannen shahararri a Riga. A cikin gidan da yake a: ul. Turgenev, 23, godiya ga masu goyon baya, gidan kayan gargajiya na Vera Mukhina yana aiki. An samo shi a cikin tsohon ginin ginin, inda a shekarar 1889 an samu nasarar samun kyauta na Stalin 5 a nan gaba. A 1937 Vera Ignatyevna da ɗanta suka koma Riga. Duk da haka, sun riga sun zauna a wani gini, tun da gidan gidan mahaifin Mukhina ya rigaya ya sayar da shi zuwa hanyar Latvian Railway. Ginin a: st. Turgenev, d. 23, a kanta shi ne babban sha'awa. Kamfanin dillancin labaran kasar Sin ya gina shi a Riga nan da nan bayan babban wutar wuta ta 1812. A gidan ne daya daga cikin 'yan wuri a cikin style of Empire, kiyaye su a cikin Latvian babban birnin kasar.

A cikin gidan Riga-gidan kayan gargajiyar Vera Ignatyevna zaka iya ganin hotunan da takardun da suka danganci iyalin mai wallafa. Bugu da ƙari, an gayyaci baƙi don kallon hoto na musamman game da rayuwar Mukhina da wasu bayanai game da tarihin iyalinta. A musamman, 'yan san cewa sculptor mijinki ne daya daga cikin gaskensu na Bulgakov ta Transfiguration farfesa, kuma zuwa gare shi a kan m kiwon lafiya jawabi da yawa mambobi ne na Soviet gwamnati.

Yanzu ku san inda aka keɓe gidajen kayan gargajiya don rayuwa da aikin Vera Mukhina a babban birnin kasar, Riga da Feodosia. Kama a cikin wadannan garuruwa, za ka iya tafiya a kan zuwa sama adireshin, da kuma koya da yawa game da sanannen sculptor kuma Ya halitta, ta ayyukan monumental art.