Mesopotamian Bayyana: halayyar

Mesopotamian kwaruruka - babban nau'i na taimako a yammacin Asiya. Traditional tsoho sunan - Mesofotamiya. Mesofotamiya a Persian nufin "ƙasar tsakanin biyu koguna". Bayan filayen kwari ne dake tsakanin kwaruruka daga cikin manyan koguna a yammacin ɓangare na Asia - da Tigris da Euphrates.

Taƙaitaccen bayanin kwaruruka

A duka yankin na Mesopotamian bayyana - kusan 400 dubu sq. M. km, elongated a arewa maso yammacin ta 900 km, da nisa - ba fiye da 300 km.

A tsirin Shefela ne matalauta a cikin bambancin. M - a subtropical bari kawai tare kõguna yada abin da ake kira gallery gandun daji, wakilta Willows, Yufiretis poplars, kyauro. Babban zama da mazauna yankunan - shanu. A kan ƙasa na kwaruruka, irin waɗannan manyan ƙauyuka: Abadan, Baghdad da kuma Basra.

Ina Mesopotamian Bayyana kuma peculiarities da tsarin

Bayyana aka located a cikin ƙasa na irin States: ta mafi yawa a Iraki da kuma Kuwait, Iran da Syria.

Kwaruruka an ci gaba (iyaka) a cikin sashi na deflection fili Precambrian Arabian dandali da kuma matasa kunya Zagros da Taurus (Himalaya mai tsayi-nadawa). Tectonic deflection, a cikinsa wannan nau'i na taimako da aka kafa, shi ne matukar zurfi da kuma dauke da adibas da meso Cainozoic Paleozoic. A total damar tafki sediments kai 15 km. A nan ne mai karfi da most a Asiya, adibas na ma'adanai: mai, iskar gas, sulfur, dutse gishiri. Man fetur da kuma iskar gas adibas ne Mesopotamian bayyana ga Persian Petroleum Basin.

Halaye na Mesopotamian Bayyana

Mesopotamian filayen kwari ne mai lebur bayyana alluvial ƙasa. Cikin dukanin da karkararta akwai tabkuna da kuma Marshes. Ƙasa m filayen kwarinta, ya dogara ne a kan gaskiyar cewa kasa Sands na kwari na gudãna shekaru da yawa zaunar a kan bankuna da kuma leveling Layer kafa sosai m ƙasa ga aikin noma. Tsawo kasa da 100 m, kawai gefen filayen kwari da ake tãyar da mai tsawo na 200 m. A arewa na bayyana zo zuwa dutsen ostantsevogo tsararru. Its matsakaicin tsayi - 500 m, matsakaicin batu - na Sinjar (1460 m). A kudu maso yammacin kwaruruka kai Syro-Arabian Filato, wanda aka hada da yadudduka, kuma yana da tsawo na 900 m. Kuma a arewa maso gabashin yake a kan Iran Plateau. A nan ne mafi girma dutsen kewayon Iraki. Akwai kuma birnin Cheeha Dar (3611 m) - tsororuwar a Iraki.

yanayin damina

Mesopotamian bayyana ne a wani yanki inda sauyin yanayi da aka mamaye subtropical nahiyar. A kudancin nasa ne a kowa na wurare masu zafi sauyin yanayi. Summer a kudancin yankin na tartsatsi sandstorms. Average yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu a cikin +7 ... + 12 ° C, +34 ° C a lokacin rani. A wasu kwanaki, a kalla za a iya isa + 48 ° C.

Mesopotamian Bayyana hana hazo. Su shekara-shekara adadin da cewa da dama a wannan yanki, kawai 150 mm. Saboda haka, babban ruwa kafofin da kõguna ne arteries nan.

Lakes da kõguna Mesopotamian Bayyana

A Tigris da Yufiretis, a 2000 km a tsawon kowane, tsallaka dukan Mesopotamian Bayyana a cikin shugabanci daga arewa maso yammacin zuwa kudu maso gabashin. Kuma a cikin filayen kwarinta ci a cikin general rafi da kai da ruwan a cikin Persian Gulf. Wadannan biyu koguna suke da muhimmanci ga kusan duk na yammacin Asiya. Yufiretis ruwa amfani das hi don bayi a cikin yankin. Kuma da kogin Tigris, wanda shi ne mai arziki a cikin aikin gandu, shine tushen hydroelectric iko a yankin. Watercourse gina a kan wani cascade na hydroelectric iko tashoshin.

Mesopotamian Shefela located a wuraren da wata babbar dama tabkuna. Suna located in depressions. The most of su: Mileh-tartar Milh, Es Saadi al-Hammar. Common Mesopotamian bayyana - wadi. Wadi - a bushe kogin gadaje, wanda za a iya cika da ruwa, kafa kõguna a damana.

tarihin asali

Duk da haka, da Mesopotamian bayyana ne m ba geographically, amma tarihi. Da cewa shi yake ƙasar Bagadaza, a cikin kwari na Tigris da Yufiretis, daya daga cikin na farko wayewar na zamanin d duniya da aka Siliki - Sumerian. Wannan wuri ya zama wata babbar cibiyar al'adu ga dukan Asia. A farko ambaci cewa akwai farko ƙauyuka, da birane a cikin kogin kwaruruka, dating baya ga Sabunta Millennium BC

An dauke da farko rubuta Sumerian wayewa a cikin tarihi. A rubuta harshen Sumerians da sunan da icon. Har ila yau, godiya ga su da cewa akwai ban ruwa da aikin noma da kuma dabbobi husbandry matsayin kama kifi. Sumerians rayu tribal tsarin. Ina Mesopotamian Bayyana, shi ya fi sauƙi ga magance noma, dabba husbandry da kuma handicraft. Wayewa ya kawo wa rai mai yawa kara binciken. A da Sumerians ƙirƙira: dabaran, da ban ruwa tsarin, maginin tukwane dabaran, rubutu, m kayan aikin noma (sama, fartanya, shebur), zamanin] aular, da tagulla, da akwai gilashi. Su ne na farko da wani ɓangare na shekara-shekara kalanda, iya lissafta fannin lissafi da adadi ƙirƙira ilmin lissafi. A ci gaba da wayewa da ya kasance cikin sharuddan gine. Mafi mashahuri sun monumental Tsarin - ziggurats (kabari na irin).

Yawon bude ido a kai a kai ziyarci wannan wuri, saboda shi mai cike da ban mamaki picturesque shimfidar wurare, embodying duk da kyau na halitta. Sau da yawa sosai zo nan don iyo a cikin tafkin da kawai shakata.