Lenin Library. Moscow Lenin Library

Rasha Lenin Library ne kasa littafin ajẽwa na Rasha Federation. Daga cikin abubuwan, shi ne mai haddasa bincike ma'aikata, methodical da shawara cibiyar kasar. Located Lenin Library a Moscow. Mene ne tarihin wannan ma'aikata? Wanda ya tsaya a da tushen? Yadda littattafai masu yawa Stores Moscow Lenin Library? A wannan da kuma wasu daga baya a cikin labarin.

National library daga 1924, da shekara zuwa yanzu

Jihar Library mai suna bayan Lenin (hours na aikin da za a ba a kasa) da aka kafa a kan tushen da Rumyantsev Museum. Tun da 1932, da library da aka kara wa jerin cibiyoyin bincike na kasa da muhimmancin. A farkon zamanin da 2nd yakin duniya daga ma'aikata da aka kwashe mafi muhimmanci da dukiya. An cushe da kuma fitar dashi game da dubu 700 rare rubuce-rubucen da cewa ana sa Lenin Library. Nizhny Novgorod zama wurin zama daga cikin fitarwa na m tarin. Dole ne in ce cewa a Gorky ma dake quite babban library - babban abu a kan filin.

Chronology

A lokacin daga Yuli 1941 zuwa Maris 1942, da Lenin Library ya directed zuwa daban-daban, mafi yawa Turanci, kasar na fiye da 500 haruffa zuwa musayar tayi. yarda da aka samu daga wani adadin jihohi. A 1942-th shekara littafin musayar library ya kafa dangantaka da 16 kasashe da 189 th kungiyoyi. Na girma ban sha'awa ne dangantakar da Amurka da kuma Ingila.

By May na cewa shekara, management na ma'aikata kaddamar da wani "takardar shaida" cewa ƙare kafin karshen tashin. A sakamakon haka, fayil kabad da manyan fayiloli da aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi kuma ba a dace form. A farko karatu dakin stacks da aka bude a 1942, a ranar 24 ga watan Mayu. A na gaba, 43 th, matasa da kuma yara adabi, sashen da aka kafa. By 1944, da shekara tara da library mai suna bayan Lenin koma evacuees farko yaki muhimmanci da dukiya. A wannan shekara an halitta Board da kuma Littafi na karimci. A watan Fabrairu, da 44th sashen na maido da kula da aka kafa a cikin stacks. Research Laboratory da aka kafa tare da shi. A wannan shekara, tambayoyi game da canja wurin da littafin taskõkin doctoral da ubangijinsa theses an warware. Active samuwar asusun advantageously za'ayi ta hanyar samun kayayyakin gargajiya duniya da na cikin gida wallafe-wallafe. A shekarar 1945, May 29, da stacks aka bayar da Order of Lenin ya fice taimako ga shagon da daukana up littattafai da kuma m taro na karatu 'sabis. A daidai wannan lambar yabo da kuma umarni da shi samu wani babban yawan kurkuku sandarka.

Development stacks a postwar shekaru

By 1946, da shekara tara akwai wata tambaya game da samuwar kungiyar Catalog na Rasha littattafai. Afrilu 18 a wannan shekara, jihar Library mai suna bayan Lenin ya da wuri domin masu karatu 'taro. Ga na gaba 1947-Mu shekara da aka amince da tattalinsu, da ta kafa dokoki domin jawo sama da kungiyar tarayyar Catalog na Rasha bugu na babbar taskõkin Tarayyar Soviet.

Domin gudanar da wannan aiki a kan tushen da littafin ajẽwa aka kafa shawarwari jirgin. Ya kunshi wakilan daban-daban] akunan karatu (gare su. Saltykov-Shchedrin, stacks Academy of Sciences da sauransu). A sakamakon haka, duk ayyukan fara horo tushe ga kasida Rasha littattafai na 19th karni. Har ila yau, a shekarar 1947, sai aka sa a cikin wani abinda bel da kuma wani lantarki jirgin kasa domin isar da bukatun ga ajiya na littattafai daga karatu da dakuna da kuma hamsin na'ura mai zuwa safarar wallafe.

Sauyi cibiyoyin

A karshen shekarar 1952, an amince da Yarjejeniya daga cikin stacks. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1953, dangane da rushe kwamitin tafiyad da al'amura na al'adu da kuma cibiyoyin ilimi, da kuma samuwar na ma'aikatar al'adu na RSFSR, da Lenin Library aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga sabuwar kafa Ma'aikatar Harkokin Administration. By 1955, da shekara tara fara samarwa da kuma rarraba buga katunan masu shigowa atlases da kuma shari'a ajiya katin cartography sassa. Tare da wannan da aka sabunta da kuma na kasa da kasa tikitin.

Tun shekarar 1957 th da kuma 1958 th dama karanta dakunan da aka bude. A daidai da umarni bayar da ma'aikatar al'adu, a 1959, aka kafa shi ta Editorial jirgin, wanda aiki, ana sa ran bazawa na alluna na library, kuma bibliographic rarrabuwa. A lokacin 1959-60-th shekaru na mai amfani da kudi, yana nufin da kimiyya dakunan, an fassara zuwa cikin bude hanya. Saboda haka, tsakiyar 60s a cikin stacks 20 gudana mafi karatu dakuna fiye da 2300 mutane.

nasarori

A 1973 Lenin Library ya karbi mafi kyautar da Bulgaria - Order of Dmitrov. A farkon shekarar 1975, ta wuce ta hamsin da ranar tunawa bikin na Rumyantsev hira cikin kasa jama'a stacks. A farkon shekarar 1992, da Library samu matsayi na Rasha. Next, 93 m, aka raba izoizdany ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa MABIS (Moscow Association taskõkin art). A shekarar 1995, jihar Library fara wani aikin "Memory of Rasha". By shekara ta gaba, da aikin a kan na zamanintar da ma'aikata da aka yarda. A 2001, an amince da sabunta Yarjejeniya stacks. A daidai wannan lokaci akwai shi ne gabatarwar sabon bayanai dako, wanda ma canza matakai a cikin library tsarin.

kudi stacks

A farko tarin library aka saduwa Rumyantsev. A da tsarin ya samu halartar kan 28 dubu. Publications, 1000 cards, 700 rubuce-rubucen. A daya daga cikin na farko dokokin hukumar aikin stacks, an bayyana cewa, ma'aikata ya kamata a sami duk da adabi da cewa an kuma za a buga a Rasha Empire. Saboda haka, doka ajiya daga 1862 ya fara shiga cikin shekarar farko.

Daga bisani, da manyan tushen ƙari karfe kyaututtuka da kuma kyautai. A farkon 1917 da library da aka sa a kusa da miliyan 1 da 200 dubu bugu. Kamar yadda na Janairu 2013th asusun girma riga 44 da miliyan. 800 dubu. Kofe. Wannan ya hada da serial da periodicals, littattafai, rubuce-rubucen, jaridar archives, wallafe (ciki har da haifuwa), tsohon buga samfurori, da kuma takardun ga wadanda ba na gargajiya bayanai dako. Rasha Lenin Library yana a duniya bisa ga typological da kuma abun ciki zuwa gamuwa waje da kuma cikin gida takardun a kan 360 harsuna.

Research ayyuka

Lenin Library (photo stacks gabatar a cikin labarin) ne manyan cibiyoyin na kasar a cikin filin na knigo-, biblioteko- da bibliography. Masana kimiyya dake aiki a kafa, tsunduma a ci gaba da aiwatarwa da kuma ci gaban da daban-daban ayyukan. Daga gare su, "National Asusun na aikin takardun", "Accounting, ganewa da kuma kariya daga littafin Monuments na Rasha Federation", "Memory of Rasha" da sauransu.

Bugu da kari, kullum ake ci gaba msar tambayar, methodological tushe na] abi'ar yin karatun, shirye-shiryen da methodical da tsaiko takardun a filin daga library kimiyya. Bincike da ci gaban sashen ke tsunduma a cikin halittar bayanai, fihirisa, rahoton sana'a samar, bincike da kuma karin, na kasa, shawarwari yanayi. Bunƙasa nan kuma tambayoyi a kan ka'idar, methodology, tarihi, da fasaha, da kungiyar da kuma hanya na bibliography. A kai a kai da aka gudanar a library na ha] in gwiwar nazari tarihi al'amurran da littafin al'adu.

Kokarin fadada ayyukan stacks

Ayyuka na bincike da kuma karanta wani littafi sashen hada da hikimar tantance goyon baya ga aiki na library a matsayin kayan aiki na bayanai siyasa na kasa da muhimmancin. Bugu da kari, da sashen ke tsunduma a cikin ci gaban al'adu ayyuka da kuma ka'idojin tantance mafi muhimmanci da kofe na takardun da littattafai, da aiwatar da shawarwari a cikin m ayyukan da ma'aikata da kuma ci gaban shirye-shirye da ayyuka a kan da watsuwar library kudi. A daidai wannan lokaci da kake aiki a kan bincike da kuma m, gabatarwa ne ga hanyoyin da sabuntawa da kuma kiyayewa daga library takardun ajẽwa binciken, methodical da kuma tuntubar ayyukan.

Modern Library mai suna bayan Lenin

Official website na ma'aikata ƙunshi bayani game da tarihin asalin, ci gaban stacks. Ga ka iya samun Masana kundayen, sabis, events da kuma ayyukan. Da makaman aiki daga Litinin zuwa Jumma'a daga 9 na safe zuwa 8 na yamma, Asabar - daga 9 zuwa bakwai da yamma. Rana kashe - Lahadi.

A library yau aiki a cibiyar horaswa ga ƙarin kuma postgraduate ilimi kwararru. Ayyukan za'ayi a kan tushen da FS lasisi don dubawa a cikin Sphere na kimiyya da ilimi. A kan tushen da cibiyar da aka aiki digiri na biyu makaranta, wanda kuma yake horar da kwararru a filin "bibliology", "Bibliography" da "Library". Bisa ga wannan shugabanci na mataki na dissertation Council, wadda iko ya hada da awarding na ilimi digiri na likita da dan takarar pedagogical kimiyyar. Wannan sashen ne a yarda ya dauki kare aikin specialization a ilimi da tarihi da kimiyyar.

Rule shigarwa

Yi amfani da karanta dakuna (wanda yanzu a cikin library 36) na iya zama duk 'yan ƙasa - da biyu da Rasha Federation da kuma kasashen waje - a lokacin da suka isa goma sha takwas. Rikodi da aka yi a wani sarrafa kansa yanayin, wanda ya samar da ga bayar da wani roba tikitin masu karatu, inda sirri photo dan kasa a can. Domin samun katin laburare dole ne ka gabatar da wani fasfo da wurin zama a yarda (ko mazaunin rajista), ga dalibai - gradebook ko dalibi katunan ga graduating makarantar sakandare - wani ilmi daftarin aiki.

Nesa da on-line rajista

A library aiki mai nisa rikodi tsarin. A wannan yanayin, wani lantarki library katin. 'Yan kasashen waje bukatar rubuta wani daftarin aiki amincewa su ainihi, fassara a cikin Rasha. Don yin rijista e-tikitin dukan kunshin dole paperwork mutum zai yi aika da mail. Bugu da kari, da yi rikodi online. Akwai shi don rijista online masu karatu. Recording aka yi online daga gaban mota.