Kshesinskaya Matilda: mashahuriyar Rasha yar rawa

Yana yakan faru ne cewa, don dalilai na siyasa, suna cire daga memory na gãdo sunayen talented mutane, wanda bai kai tunaninsu na jam'iyyar aji. Kuma idan arts da kuma adabi kuma suka yi hijira, cewa sunansa ba za a zauna kana abin zargi, da tsunduma cikin cikakken abu wulakantacce.

babban

Bayan da juyin juya halin, babban Soviet Rasha yar rawa Mathilde Kshesinskaya yawan da aka sani kawai da cewa a cikin fadanta a kan Avenue Kronverskom lokaci daya rayu, aiki da kuma sanya jawabai daga baranda na fādar sarki, ya gina a arewacin Art Nouveau V. I.Lenin. Ginin kanta Petrograd jarida mai lakabin "hedkwatar Leninists." Kuma ba wannan lalata "barynka" farka uku HSH Prince kuma magaji zuwa kursiyin da wani sabon ƙarni sha'awar a Rasha. Sauke-saukar da wannan mace, saboda suka kora a duel tsoma bakin, tsohon ne da yawa, matasa, fiye da ta (nan gaba miji, da serene Martaba Prince Andrey, - for 6 shekaru, da lover, tauraron na Rasha rawa Peter Vladimirov - 21 years), daga wurin da kaddara gaba daya a kan wasu. Duk da haka, sabanin mafiya yawa daga cikin Soviet mutane, yana dauke da wani star na Rasha rawa makaranta decadent dancer Anna Pavlova, Moris Petipa rawa dancer lambar 1 yana dauke Matilda Kshesinskaya, sane, kuma bã da wani hakki manta. Amma shi aka kira "Generalissimo na Rasha rawa."

ban sha'awa tushen

Kshesinskaya Matilda, ko kawai Malle, kamar yadda suka kira ta iyali da kuma abokai, an haife shi a "rawa" iyali a 1872. Mahaifinta, Felix zo daga cikin sanannun Theatrical iyali a Poland Krzhezinskih (Kshesinskaia - Theatrical pseudonym). Matilda ta kakan - Jan - wani virtuoso violin, yana da ban mamaki murya da kuma rera waka a cikin Warsaw Opera. A Yaren mutanen Poland sarki Stanislaw watan Agusta, babban fan of nasa, ya kira shi ba kawai a matsayin "ta Nightingale." A kakan kaka Wojciech ya shahara dancer. Amma iyali al'ada, kullum kindling girman kai 'yan mata shi ne cewa Wojciech wani wakilin daya daga cikin mafi kyau Polish sunayen da gāda wani babban arziki Count Krasinski. Samun rasa kome - wani wasiyya, sunan mahaifi da kuma mahaifarsa - saboda mãkirci kawu, ya aka tilasta musu gudu zuwa Faransa, inda ya fara yi rai dancing.

Da farko Rasha lokaci

Dan Yana Feliks nazari da fasaha rawa, shi ne haskaka daga wani m yi na wani mazurka, wanda azzaluman Nicholas I, wanda gayyaci Polish dancer a Rasha babban birnin kasar. Ya sanya ya halarta a karon a 1853 a kan mataki na mallaka Alexandrinsky wasan kwaikwayo a "baƙauye Wedding". A ya yi mazurkas sun almara, kuma shi ne, a cikin kalmomi na daya daga cikin Sahaban, tare da "hasken kafar" dance zama haka rare a Rasha high jama'a. A cikin mataki na wasan kwaikwayo Felix Mariinskogoo Kshesinskaia ko da yaushe ya yi tare da wannan nasara. A nan sai ya hadu da matar Leda dancer, yar rawa Julia Dominskoy. Daga farko da aure dancer da 'ya'ya biyar, daga biyu zuwa Felix - hudu.

Haihuwa na primo

Kshesinskaya Matilda shi ne na karshe yaro na da uwa-heroine, wanda yara ba su tsoma baki tare da ko a aure, ba dance. Mathilde Maria wani m yaro kuma wani janar fi so, amma shi ne musamman azzaluman mahaifinta, kama a ta nan gaba yar rawa assolyutu, wanda a tarihin duniya rawa ne kawai 11. Ta aka haife a garin Malechko Ligovo kusa St. Petersburg, a kan 13th km na Peterhof hanya, shahara ga gaskiya cewa gida "Red tavern" daya dare gudanar girma a nan gaba Empress Catherine II. Wana Stanislav mutu tun suna jarirai. A wasu uku - da kyau Julia, da aka sani a rawa tarihi a matsayin Kshesinskaya I, Brother Yusufu, ya zauna a cikin Soviet Rasha kuma ya zama na girmama artist na kasar, da kuma ta Kshesinskaya Matilda, shi ne sanannen domin zama na farko na Rasha dancer yi 32 fuete da kuma kawar da su daga kasa scene rinjaye a nan waje kimanin - sun virtuoso rawa.

m babe

Uba sau da yawa kama ta tare da shi zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma sau daya ko manta da shi a can. Tare da Mukaddashin duniya yarinya sun san tun suna yara, kuma ta iya ba kaga wani hanya, fãce ga mataki. Ta girma ne a talented dancer, kuma kwantantuwa seductress. Beauty yarinya na baya yar'uwarsa, amma yana cike da fara'a cewa ba ya bar mutane - musamman maza - sha'aninsu dabam. Low (Matilda Kshesinskaia girma ya daidaita 1,53 m), tare da cikakken kafafu da kuma mamaki kunkuntar kugu, ta kasance cike da rai. Fun-auna da kuma m Malle janyo hankalin duniya da hankali, da fiye da nasarar amfani.

m yi

Ta mutumin da ya tsira da juyin juya halin da kuma mai tsanani daga ƙaura, za ka iya har yanzu kira masoyi na arziki. Somin-ta ~ cewa, ta kasance wani toiler. Ba duk ya fadi a cikin hannun ta sama, a gaskiya - babu sadarwa dã ba su taimaka mata yin scene na farko na dukkan Rasha dancer 32 fuete. Ta ya cimma wannan ta hanyar aiki, ci gaba da inganta da dabara, kawo shi ga Heights na kyau. Game da ta yi shi ne almara. To, wãne ne ta - Matilda Kshesinskaya, biography ne saboda da karfi da hali na wannan kadan mace bai sani ba gazawar (akwai, ba shakka, kananan gazawar - 1-2, babu karin), wani lokacin kama wani hikaya?

cancanci ibada

A scene a rawa "Don Quixote" ta bar yana da shekaru 9 da shekaru, tun karatu ga wata shekara a makaranta, kuma a cikin solo part yi a cikin 17. Amma da gaske talented rawa yarinya zama da hannu bayan ta ga dance yi wa zo Rasha a kan yawon shakatawa Virginia Zucchi. An wannan dancer ya zama gunki na Mali, godiya ta Kshesinskaya fara daukar darussa daga wani Italian dancer Enriko Cheketti da kai kwantantuwa fasaha da kuma kwanyarsa, wanda a yarda da shi ya zama raw yar rawa, hambarar da Rasha waje scene anterprenersh kuma lashe cikin zukãtan gaskiya masoya na rawa. Akwai lokuta idan bayan da wasanni na magoya unharness ta dawakai, carriages kuma dauki shi gida kanka.

cancantar budurwa

A karshe yamma bayan kammala makaranta Grand Empress Maria Fyodorovna, m sullenness kuma m kawaicin da nake yaro nan da nan ya lura da wata yarinya dada Mercury-Kshesinskaya-2. An mamaki hada da: tsoka taimako, bakin ciki sosai kugu, kirji high. Matilda Kshesinskaya wanda nauyi ba ya wuce 50 kg (ko da yake da girma shi ne da yawa domin rawa), da siffofi da idon da mafi ramammu girlfriends. A wani gala abincin dare da Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III zauna ta tsakanin kansa da kuma surly-dan Nikolai. A cewar wasu rahotanni, matasa mutane nan da nan ya fadi cikin soyayya, a kan sauran - mafi mugunta - Kshesinskaya shi vigorously biyã ne. Za a cewa kamar yadda Mayu, akwai shaida cewa sõyayya ta Tsar Nicholas II kiyaye duk rayuwarsa, ko da yake m dangantakar Aka kare bayan alkawari zuwa Alex.

greatheartedness

Yana da haka ya faru da cewa bayan idon sani da magaji a kan karaga Kshesinskaya yar rawa Mathilde har abada nasaba da ransa tare da sarauta iyali. Wa kawai bai rubuta shi a cikin "abokansa"! Wanne ne kawai epithets ta ba aka girmama, "da shampen na Romanovs", "Muse sarauta maza," ko PAL, "Matilda Kshesinskaya - farka na sarakuna."

Ya kamata a lura cewa Kshesinskaya, a Baya ga sama abũbuwan amfãni, mahaukaci mai hikima: ba tare da wata kalma bari Nicky karkashin kambi, ya ko da yaushe affable tare da matarsa, bar wasan kwaikwayo ba tare da wani abin kunya, a lokacin da shi ya fara la'anta da mãkirci kuma manya rabo ya dawo, a lokacin da ta rashin laifi ta bayyana. Bugu da kari, da ciwon m taskõkin (abinda ke ciki na ta kayan ado kwalaye da aka kiyasta a 2 da miliyan na sarki rubles), shi ne domin su kudi a kasar - mafi m, a Strelna - dauke biyu asibiti domin yi wa rauni. A fadin rai na wannan ban mamaki mace shi ne gaskiya cewa, tun rasa su juyin juya hali, Matilda Kshesinskaya, biography wanda ya ƙunshi mai yawa ban sha'awa facts, hakuri kawai alcoholized fure, wanda - amincewa da kyau Rasha yar rawa - Gifts Amince Virdzhiniya Tsukki, ta tsafi.

Kãfirci - ko da yaushe baki

Bugu da kari, sau da yawa sosai suka aiwatar da wasannin a Mariinsky wasan kwaikwayo, wanda suke da cikakken - sets, kayayyaki, da kuma sauran kudi - biya da shi. Amma da kona kishi na wata mace da suka kanta iya jefa masa repertoire, bai rasa wata fasaha a tsawon shekaru, yana da daya daga cikin mafi kyau manyan gidãje daga St. Petersburg da kuma samu ta kansa ba bayan shekaru 20 na sabis, amma kawai 10 - dauki ta Backstage duniya, ko da yaushe cike datti, mahaukaci. Kuma, a cikin kalmomi na Yevgeny Yevtushenko (ko da yake quite daban game da shi): "... tsegumi, gulma, shi ne shawo na zama na nacewa da kuma nacewa." Su kuma tilasta janye daga Mariinsky Kshesinskaya. Musamman choking makiya daga ta dindindin kyakkyawar dangantaka da mulki daular.

babban kauna

"Nicholas da Matilda Kshesinskaya 2" - wannan dangane ministocin Terpsichore tukuna ko ta yaya ya tsira. The labari ya kasance m, amma takaice - dade kawai a shekara. Amma da dancer aka ba a bar watsi da su. Ta gaskiya da kuma wanzuwa daga farkon taron a wani biyu-labarin qasaita, ya saya da aboki gaba karshe sarki na Rasha, inda ya ragu a tare da abokansa da yawa uwan, fadi cikin soyayya da Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich, ya zama ga sauran rayuwarsa ta "jarumi ba tare da tsoro kuma ba tare da kunya." Kaunar sa, kashe kudi da kuma kisa na 'yar alamar son zũciyõyin rufe mafi mugunta bakinsu.

Ya kai a kai ya yi yarda da tayin, ciki har da kafin rabuwar. Matilda Kshesinskaya, ɗan wane da aka ɗauki cikinsa ta wani Grand Duke Romanov - Andrei Vladimirovich, nan da nan samu wani patronymic S. kuma a cikin appendage wa aristocratic asalin da sunan Krasinski, a cikin memory daga wani m m, abin da ya dame ta da aminci Sergei Mikhailovich. Shi da kansa, aika fi so na neman sauyi Petrograd, ba zai bar a kan lokaci, ya aka harbe da kuma jefar a tawa a Alapaevsk a 1918, tare da sauran 'yan Romanov daular. Abin da za a iya ce game da ƙauna mai girma fiye da gaskiyar cewa a cikin dunkulallen hannu clamped a lokacin dagawa jiki zuwa surface samu wani zinariya medallion da kalmar "Malle"?

All - a ƙafa na allahiya

Ya, kasancewa sufeto-janar na manyan bindigogi, da kafin shi da uncontrolled kudi, da kuma makamai da kamfanonin ba yawa. A kan "kickbacks." A almara qasaita Matildy Kshesinskoy aka gina tare da kudi. Ya ko da yaushe ya so ya ba da ƙaunataccen matsayi na musamman a high jama'a. Yi ya lura da aikin marubuci, yayi m Alexander von Gauguin. A sakamakon gina wannan lu'u-lu'u na arewacin babban birnin gwamnatin bayar da lambar azurfa na m.

Matilda House Kshesinskaia a St. Petersburg bude a kan Neva, kazalika da majalisar dattijai, da Academy of Sciences, da Winter Palace da kuma St. Ishaku Cathedral. Game da ciki tsari da kuma ado na qasaita sun almara. Duk da hanyar sama da kusoshi, an sallame su daga mafi kyau yi kamfanonin a Paris. A dakunan da aka sanya a cikin daban-daban styles: idan salon sanye take a cikin style of Louis XVI, bayan gida nuna alamar da nasarorin da Birtaniya don samar da gidaje tare da zamani more rayuwa. Kada ƙidaya ya falalan! Daya iya kawai lura da cewa a cikin wannan fada, dake a cikin "cibiyar da cibiyar" na babban birnin kasar, ya mai sito tare da fili da mafi kyau saniya a duniya, a matsayin barawo Sufeto zuciya na manyan bindigogi kaunace sabo ne madara ...

The dogon-jiran da kyau cancanta karshe

Tir da harsunansu dangana ga Matilda dangane da jikan Alexander II Vladimir Alexandrovich. Ya shi ko ya ba, amma domin ta hudu dan Andrei Vladimirovich Kshesinskaya Matilda Feliksovna nan da nan aure. Haka ya faru a Paris, da zaran mahaifiyarsa, Maria Pavlovna suka yi hamayya da wani rayuwa bikin aure ɗa, ya tafi da sauran duniya. Vova yaron, ko, kamar yadda ya raha kira Kshesinskaya, "Wowo de Russie" (All Rasha Vova) ", nan da nan sake rubutawa gaskiya mahaifinsa, da kuma iyali farin ciki warke.

Sõyayya da karfi da kuma m

A cikin tarihin wannan m hali ya da cewa ya ƙaunataccen ɗana mai girma dancer, ba tsoro, har yanzu ceto daga cikin Gestapo, a lokacin da Paris da aka shagaltar da ta Jamus. Paris House Matilda Kshesinskaia gudun hijira zauna cibiyar haduwa - kasance a nan F. Chaliapin, Pavlova, Karsavina, T. kuma S. Diaghilev.

Kshesinskaya da mimic da kuma ban mamaki kyauta da cewa sanya ta musamman rawa matsayin. Amma, kamar yadda ya juya waje, ya ba baƙo a Prima da kuma iyawa na marubuci. Wannan ne evidenced ta littafin "Matilda Kshesinskaya. Memoirs ", da aka buga a birnin Paris a shekarar 1960. Bayan tsira da mijinta da kuma Oncology, hip karaya, ƙuƙuntacce zuwa wata kujera, wannan karfi mace fara rubuta littafin, wanda - kamar yadda tarihi ya nuna - m, a kansa, domin marubucin ya mai girma Matilda Kshesinskaya. Memoirs aka kyau da aka rubuta da kuma tsara a cikin m style. Karanta su sosai ban sha'awa, shi ne shawarar (su ne yadu samuwa).

Ya rayu farin ciki har abada bayan

Genetically, wannan mace da aka kaddara na dogon rai - kakanta, riga ake magana a kai Yang, ta zauna ya zama 106 shekaru da haihuwa da kuma bai mutu na halitta haddasawa, amma daga tururi. Wannan almara Malle bai rayu har zuwa karni zuwa 9 months. Ballet megastar mutu a shekarar 1971, kuma an binne shi a cikin "Rasha hurumi" Sainte- Genebiebe-des-Bois tare da mijinta da kuma dan (wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1974). The rubutu a kan kabari ta karanta cewa a nan ya ta'allaka ne da Grand Duchess Romanov-Krasinskaya, Karĩmi Artist na mallaka Gidajen Silima, Kshesinskaya Matilda Feliksovna.