Janar Vatutin. Vatutin Nikolay Fodorovich - Tarayyar Soviet Hero

Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich aka haife shi a 1901, a kan Disamba 16, a kauyen Chepuhino (yanzu a kauyen Vatutine located in Belgorod yankin). Ya aka haife cikin wani babban baƙauye iyali, wanda, a Bugu da kari ga Nicholas, akwai 'ya'ya takwas. Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Future janar yara okin su koyi da Master su sosai mafadaci. Da farko Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich sauke karatu daga kauye makaranta, wanda shi ne na farko almajiri, sa'an nan - da karrama zemstvo makaranta a Valuyki. Nikolai Fedorovich nasarar wuce ƙofar gwaje-gwaje a cikin kasuwanci makaranta na Urazovo, inda ya kuma yi aiki sosai, da samun a kananan stipend daga zemstvos. Nikolai Vatutin karatu a Commercial School kawai 4 years. Dalilin shi ne, bayan wannan daina biya wani stipend, kuma ya tilasta su koma ƙasarsa ta kauye.

Baftisma na wuta

Nicholas, a kan dawo gida, sai ya fara aiki a cikin Ikklesiya da jirgin. Da zarar a kauyen, Soviet ikon da aka kafa, ya, yayin da har yanzu wani saurayi na goma sha shida, kamar yadda daya daga cikin mafi ilimi mazauna a kauyen taimaka a cikin komai a fili sashe na manoma. I ya ba tukuna juya zuwa Nicholas kuma 19-shekara a lokacin da ya shiga cikin Red Army. Baftisma na wuta Vatutin soma a watan Satumba 1920, a lokacin da ya halarci ya faru a cikin gundumomi na Lugansk da Starobelsk fadace-fadace da Makhno. Ko sa'an nan, sai ya nuna afili kansa m, m jirgin saman soja.

Nikolai Vatutin a 1922 ya sauke karatu daga cikin Poltava dakaru makaranta, musharaka cikin fadace-fadace biyu fists kan gangs. A wannan shekara ya shiga cikin sahu na RCP (B). Duk da yake kasar bugãwa da yunwa, cutar kwalara da typhoid mutanen da suka mutu, kuma akwai wata fari, ƙara hadura da yawan jama'a a 1921. Starved zuwa mutuwa uba kuma kakan Nicholas, kazalika da mazan ɗan'uwansa, Egor.

Promotion

Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha a cikin wadannan shekaru da aka alama ta da wadannan abubuwan. Vatutin bayan da dakaru School da aka gudanar a dakaru rajimanti shugaban sashen, sa'an nan - kwamandan a mutanena su ka. Ya aka inganta soja ilimi, ya kammala karatunsa a 1924 daga Kiev mafi girma hada soja makaranta. Bayan da cewa Nikolai Fedorovich ya ci gaba da ilimi a Frunze Soja Academy (a 1926-29 shekaru). Vatutin bayan ta kammala aka aiko zuwa ga located a cikin Chernigov dakaru Division hedkwatar. Ya zama a shekarar 1931 shugaba located in Ordzhonikidze Staff Mountain Division. Bayan da sabis shekaru biyu daga baya ya sake aika zuwa Academy. Frunze, riga aiki sashen. Vatutin ya sauke karatu a 1934. Amma bayan shekaru uku - da kuma Soja Academy of Gaba Staff. Soja basira da kuma aiki tukuru na yin aikinsu. Nasarar inganta da Nikolai Fedorovich. A shekara ta 1938, kamar yadda wani kanar, ya aka nada zuwa hedkwatar located in Kiev Special Soja District, kuma bayan wani lokaci ya zama wata kungiyar soja kwamandan.

Fassarori da General Staff Vatutin

A 1940, a watan Agusta, a lokacin da shugaban ma'aikatan maimakon B. M. Shaposhnikova zama K. A. Meretskov - Janar na Army, Vatutin canjawa wuri nan don aiki da Cif na Ayyuka. Bayan wani lokaci, sai aka nada na farko mataimakin shugaban ma'aikata. K. G. Zhukov a cikin littafinsa "Memories da Tunani" a kan Vatutin rubuta cewa yana da karfi sosai hankalta da alhakin, ya iya fili da kuma a takaicce bayyana tunani, bambanta da da fāɗin tunani da kuma aiki. Vatutin riga, Lieutenant-Janar, a watan Fabrairu 1941, ya aka bayar da Order of Lenin.

Fashewa yaki

Don iyakar da Tarayyar Soviet kusata da yaki ... A lokacin da farko lokacin da ta m ayyuka da dakarun suka kai ga wani garambawul a cikin umurninSa. Ya zama dole, don ƙarfafa yiwuwar mafi tsakiyar gaban. A 1941, 29 Yuli, Zhukov, Vatutin zabi ga post na Amirul Front. Duk da haka, Stalin yanke shawarar yin wani yanke shawara.

Yuni 30th Amirul Arewa-Western Front, N. F. Vatutin dauki bangare a cikin tsaro na birnin Novgorod, je wani aiki da karfi sojojin. Manstein ta counter-hare a kan jiki da aka za'ayi a karkashin dubawa. A sakamakon wadannan fadace-fadace da Jamus sha wahala a kan hanyoyin Leningrad nauyi asarar da aka kore baya da tazarar kilomita 40. Vatutin aka bayar ga kungiyar na juriya da kuma nuna ya tabbatar da dalilin da ƙarfin hali da Order of Red Banner.

"Operation Kananan Saturn"

A shekarar 1942, a watan Mayu-Yuli, riga Mataimakin. Babban hafsan hafsoshin N. F. Vatutin yi babban aiki a matsayin wakilin Betting a kan Bryansk Front. Ya umarta a watan Yuli da Oktoba 1942, da Voronezh Front, da kare nasarar karkashin ya jagoranci a Voronezh yankin.

Nikolai Fedorovich aka nada shugaban kudu maso yammacin Front a watan Oktoba 1942, ya halarci a cikin shirye-shiryen, ci gaba da kuma aiwatar da wani muhimmin Stalingrad aiki. Daga Nuwamba 19 zuwa Disamba 16 a wannan shekara, Nikolaya Vatutina sojojin tare da raka'a na Stalingrad da kuma Don fronts (kwamandojin - Eremenko da Rokossovsky bi da bi) ta gudanar da wani aiki da ake kira "Little Saturn". Suka kewaye Paulus a Stalingrad ra'ayoyi. Soviet sojojin rufe da 23 Nuwamba kusa da alƙarya encirclement. Yana yana daga cikin 4th Panzer Army da 6th Army (total - 22 rarrabuwa, da yawan wanda amounted zuwa kimanin 330 da mutane dubu). Sojojin na kudu maso yammacin Front a lokacin aiki fursuna dauki 60,000 shugabanni da sojoji sun barrantar game da 1250 ƙauyuka. A sakamakon haka, da suka da aka thwarted da tsare-tsaren na Jamus umurnin, wanda ya so ya saki sojojin Paulus. Actions a lokacin aiki kuma ya kai ga halakar saurã daga cikin uku Romanian sojojin da na takwas Italiyanci da kuma Jamus "Hollidt" kungiyar.

aiki Little Saturn

A shekarar 1942, daga 16 zuwa 31 Disamba, shi da aka za'ayi wani aiki Srednedonskaya. A sakamakon haka, an yi amfani da su da abokan gaba, a yankin Middle Don hukunci shan kashi. An karya shirin ku daga karshe na Jamus don saki da dakarun kewaye a Stalingrad daga yamma. The asali na wannan aiki ya aiwatar da wani karfi duka tare da gefe a hade tare da wani yawan gaban jawabai. A kashi a hannun Stalingrad, da Jamus tabbatar da cewa sosai m, a cikin abin da aka mai da muhimmanci, babban rabo, Janar Vatutin, kwamandan kudu maso yammacin Front. G. K. Zhukov aka bayar ga Stalingrad Order of Suvorov farko digiri. Na biyu lambar yabo samu Vasilevsky, na uku - da hankakai, na huɗu - Vatutin, na biyar - Eremenko, shida - Rokossovsky. Hakika, da damar oda da lambobin yabo ba zai iya zama.

Operation "Tsallaka"

Vatutin, Janar na Great Patriotic War, da karshen 1942, ya karbi daraja na kanar general, kuma a watan Fabrairu 1943 - Janar na Army. Sojojin a watan Janairu da kuma Fabrairu 1943 a karkashin umurnin da za'ayi tare da sassa na Kudancin Front aiki gallop, kuma aka sani a karkashin code sunan "Jump." Ta ƙare Fabrairu 18th. A ta sakamakon daga Nazis arewacin Donbass an barrantar. Bugu da kari, shi gudanar ya kayar da babban sojojin na farko Jamus Panzer Army.

The yaƙi a Kursk kumbura

A watan Maris 1943 ya aka sake nada ga post na shugaban Voronezh Front Vatutin. Janar WWII yanzu alhakin daya daga cikin manyan kwatance a yakin Kursk. K. K. Rokossovsky umarci Tsakiya Front. Manstein ya yi gāba da Voronezh Front, da kuma a kan Tsakiya - Model. Sassa da kuma tsaron gida fili a yakin Kursk nuna Jamusawa iko naushe. Sun yi nasarar warware matsalar a cikin shakka daga wani counter-m tsaro nasara a cikin zurfin.

A Kursk kumbura kan Voronezh Front, da Jamus da wani karfi kungiyar. Tsanani msa da mãsu alãma daga makiya Rasha, amma akwai a Jamus asarar ne mai girma. Voronezh gaban, biyu Littafi ajiye tank Runduna, ya sa ta hanyar ra'ayoyi Jamusawa iko counterpunch. Prokhorovka tank yaƙi ya faru. Lokacin da nasara a kan mataki na m Vatutin amfani feat. Irfan kungiyar tare da tank kungiyar soja, wanda tabbatar da m gaba da m bi na abokan gaba.

"Rumyantsev"

The aiki, da ake kira "Rumyantsev" (Belgorod-Kharkiv) ya fara ne a 1943, 3 ga watan Agusta. Ta kwashe dakarun na Steppe da Voronezh fronts da kuma wani bangare ne na yakin Kursk. Kammala aiki a kan Agusta 23. Yana da aka hallaka a lokacin Belgorod-Kharkov Jamus kungiyar lambobi 15 rarrabuwa, da kuma fito da Kharkov, kuma Belgorod. Saboda haka, yanayin da aka halitta da wani muhimmanci mataki - a saki Hagu-Bank Ukraine. Har zuwa 300 km a kudu maso yammacin kuma kudancin yankunan da Soviet sojojin sun ci gaba. Vatutin aka bayar da Order of Kutuzov farko Class.

Battle na Dnieper

The yaƙi domin Dnepr ya fara a cikin wannan shekara, Agusta 13, dakarun na Voronezh (General Vatutin), Central (Rokossovsky) da kuma Steppe (Konev) fronts. A lokaci na farko da aka kammala a ranar 21 ga watan Satumba. A cikin Soviet sojojin karya game da 30 German ƙungiyoyin kudu-westerly shugabanci. Da warware kusan gaba ɗaya na Donbass da kuma Hagu-Bank Ukraine, da kuma a kan wani m gaban kai da Dnieper. 23 ga watan Satumba dakarun na tsakiya (Rokossovsky), Voronezh (Vatutin), kudu maso yammacin (Malinowski) da kuma Steppe (Konev) Front fara na gaba mataki. A lokacin mika har Disamba 22 yãki ya haye Dnieper a dama shafukan. Tasowa da m, sojojin matsa gaba a cikin wani kudu-westerly shugabanci. Soviet sojojin ƙarshe sa cikin rukuni na sojojin "ta Kudu", kazalika da sassa na rundunar "Center" m shan kashi. Su 'yanci Hagu Bank Ukraine da kuma wani ɓangare na Dama Bank.

Kiev aiki

Voronezh Front a watan Oktoba 1943 an sake masa suna da farko Ukrainian. da sojojin a watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara da aka gudanar a karkashin umurnin Vatutin Battle of Kiev. Ta ƙare Disamba 13. A sakamakon - mai nasara Tsaro Army Group "ta Kudu". Discreetly da kuma hanzarta Janar Vatutin gudanar tsakanin sojoji zuwa regroup, babban karfi mayar da hankali a karkashin Lyutezh haka Bukrinsky bridgehead abokin tunani ga wata babbar Soviet m, ana sa ran su. Godiya ga wannan mũgun shiri ya samu dabarun mamaki. Its aiki admirably, Janar Vatutin. Saboda wannan, Kiev da aka saki a kan Nuwamba 6, kazalika a dama banki na Dnieper don ƙirƙirar wani dabarun bridgehead.

A kwata 'yanci na Zhitomir

Ku hura zuwa Hitler ya asarar Kiev. Active kokarin da aka yi a kan ya dawo. Jamus nasara a m harin zuwa kwato Zhitomir. Yanzu tuhumce Stalin ... Yayin da m na 1st Ukrainian Front 'yanci a kan alƙaryar nan 31 ga watan Disamba. 275 km fashe ya Jamus tsaron gida. Bayan wannan 1st Ukrainian Front tafi gabas, da 2nd - zuwa yamma, da kuma a shekarar 1944, daga 24 zuwa 28 Janairu, fiye da 10 German ƙungiyoyin sami kansu a cikin riko.

Daidai-aiki Lutskaya

A kudi domin warware yaƙin neman zaɓe a 1944 yanke shawarar cewa babban tanki sojojin na Tarayyar Soviet za a karkashin jagorancin Janar Vatutin. Tarihinsa a sakamakon wannan an lura da dama mai daraja shafukan. A yanke shawarar canza wurin nan sulke sojojin ya ce da cewa 1st Ukrainian Front ya yi a cikin dabarun shugabanci. Vatutin ta sojojin a watan Janairu da kuma Fabrairu yana da wani Rivne-Lutsk aiki. Kwamandan a tafarkinsa amfani a cibiyar matsayin mai iko duka, kuma ya rufe flank da sojojin abokan gaba, wanda a yarda don samun a cikin raya na Jamus kungiyar, kuma ya halaka shi gaba daya. The aiki da aka kammala a ranar 11 Fabrairu. An saki a sakamakon da Shepetivka Rivne, ci hudu Jamus Panzer Army.

A watan Janairu-Fabrairu wannan shekara, 1st Ukrainian Front (Vatutin) a tare da tare da 2nd (General Konev) kewaye a cikin Korsun-Shevchenko manyan abokan ra'ayoyi. Duk da haka, bayan da Jamus sun kasance a cikin "jakar", da aka umurce su da su wuce halakar makiya 2nd Front karkashin Konev. Saboda haka, duk daukakar da wannan aiki ya zo da shi, ba don Vatutin. Konev a sakamakon ya samu lakabi na girmamawa na Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet. Fabrairu 17 don kammala aiki. A sakamakon haka, ta yi rauni, ya kashe game da 55 dubu Jamusawa da aka dauka fursuna -. More fiye da 8 da dubu.

Janar Vatutin mutuwa asiri

A shekarar 1944, Fabrairu 29, Vatutin tafi zuwa ga runduna a kan hanyar dawo daga hedkwatar 13th Army. A rasuwar Janar Vatutin faru kwatsam. Ya aka harbe a Bandera nasu baya tare da. Milyatyn (Ostrozhsky yankin) da kuma buga a hagu cinya. Vatutin aka dauka zuwa wani asibitin sojoji a Rivne, sa'an nan ya koma Kiev. Da farko rauni ba ze kawo hadari sosai, amma sai sharply rincabewa yanayin Vatutin. Ya zuwa yanzu, shi ne m dalilin da ya sa shi ya faru, yadda ya faru kuma ba zai iya ajiye irin wannan muhimmanci da mutum ga kasar, kamar yadda Janar Vatutin. Asirin mutuwarsa ne har yanzu wani al'amari na shawara. Mai likitoci suka yi jihãdi ga rayuwarsa, General. Yanki bai taimake su ba. Janar Vatutin, wanda biography aka sake nazari a wannan labarin, ya mutu a kan dare na Afrilu 15, 1944 daga jini guba.

The jana'izar Nikolai Fedorovich Vatutin

Mahaifiyarsa, Vera Efremovna, shi ne cewa a shekarar 1944 da asarar ta uku yaro. Ta samu labarai a Fabrairu Afanasiya Vatutina mutuwa daga fama da raunuka, sa'an nan, a watan Maris, an kashe a gaban Fedor, ƙaramin ɗanta. Amma Nikolai Vatutin mutu a watan Afrilu. Aka binne shi a Mariinsky shakatawa a Kiev. Vatutin hour binne a Moscow da aka bai soja karrama - busa a gaisuwa na 24 volleys na 24 bindigogi. May 6, 1965 aka bayar posthumously take "Hero na Tarayyar Soviet," Vatutin.

Mutuwar sa ta wani ban tausayi aukuwa ga kasar. Janar Vatutin mutu a shekaru 42 da haihuwa, wani aiki a kan Yunƙurin, tare da babba nasara. Ya bai bayyana har zuwa karshen su m, kuma a cimma soja tsananin hĩla, wanda lalle ya kasance shi daraja.

Vatutin abin tunawa a Kiev

A shekara ta 1948, Janairu 25, a Kiev da aka kafa Vatutin tunawa. An located a ƙofar Mariinsky shakatawa a Pechersk gundumar birnin. Kusa ne wani gini na Verkhovna Rada. A mawallafa - wani m da sculptor Vucetic Belopol'skii. A sassaka ne 3,65 mita, da kuma pedestal hula - 4.5m.

Vatutin abin tunawa a Kiev - gabatar a cikakken-tsawon adadi na Nikolai Vatutin a wani abakwat. An sassaka daga m dutse. A tushe da pedestal (a cikin tsari - a truncated dala) aka sanya na baki labradorite. A pedestal aka kẽwayesu a kan kewaye tagulla Laurel tutocin furanni. A iyakar biyu sassaka taimako cewa haifa, saukarwa tsallaka da Dnieper da kuma haɗuwa da kahon na Ukrainian mutane (sculptor Ulyanov).

House Nikolai Vatutin

A gidan ne a wani Vatutin. Mandrova Valuisky Belgorod yankin. A gidan kayan gargajiya na biyu gine-gine. Farko - wannan ne gidan inda Nikolai Fedorovich aka haife, da kuma na biyu - gina don uwarsa a 1944-45 dakarun na farko Ukrainian Front. The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka kafa a 1950 ta hanyar da shawarar da kolkhoz. Da farko darektan 'yar'uwar Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha - Daria Fyodorovna. Kusa da dangi da kuma tattara da sirri mallakarmu, iyali hotunan, iyali abubuwa. Tun da farko nuni aka halitta.

A 2001, wani sabon nuni da aka bude. Yana da aka ƙare ga centenary na haihuwar Nikolai Fedorovich. Number of abubuwa na zamani ne 1275, 622 daga cikinsu - wannan shi ne babban asusun (sirri mallakarmu duka na Vatutin, iyali abubuwa, littattafai, da hotuna).