Indian Ocean: square da alama

Mene ne yankin na tekun Indiya? A sosai sunan ruwa yakan haifar da wani fairly manyan lambobi. Nan da nan ya kamata ka kula da gaskiyar cewa Indian Ocean most mukamansu uku tsakanin kama jikin ruwa a duniya tamu. A da widest wani ɓangare na teku da nesa ne game da 10 kilomita dubu. Wannan darajar ne na gani haɗu da kudancin batu na Afirka da kuma Australia. An located tsakanin hudu nahiyoyi: Antarctica, Eurasia, Afirka da kuma Australia. Saboda haka, abin da yake cikin tekun Indiya area (miliyan. Km2)? Wannan adadi ne 76,174 miliyan sq. M. km.

Ku dubi tarihi

The Indian Ocean zuwa arewa, har zuwa hadarurruka a cikin ƙasar da tsoho mutane na duniya ma'anar da shi a matsayin wata babbar teku. Shi ne a cikin wadannan ruwayen, Adam ya fara ta farko dogon zango tafiya.

A tsohon maps shi (ko kuma wajen, yammacin ɓangare) ya kira "Eritrea Sea". Kuma d ¯ Russia kira shi Black. A IV karni ne na farko da ya bayyana baƙi da na yanzu suna: Girkanci "Indikon Pelagos" - "The Indian Sea", Larabci Bar-El-Hindi - "Indian Ocean". Kuma riga daga XVI karni, kasashen waje formalize hydronym, wanda aka samarwa da Roman malamin.

labarin kasa

Indian Ocean, da wani yanki na baya zuwa Pacific da kuma Atlantic, ƙaramin da yawa warmer fiye da data kududdufai. Wannan jiki na ruwa sami wani yawan kõguna a yankin, da most of su - da Limpopo, da na Taigiris, da ganges da Yufiretis. Okolomaterikovye teku ruwa ne turbid saboda da yawa daga lãka da yashi, wanda kawo su cikin kogi, amma an bude sararin ruwa shi mamaki tsabta. A cikin tekun Indiya da yawa tsibirin. Wasu daga cikin su - tarkacen na zamanin d nahiyar. The most - Madagascar, Sri Lanka, da Ghana, da Maldives, Seychelles da yawa wasu.

Waɗansu tẽkuna bakwai da shida bays, kazalika da wasu daga cikin straits ne Indian Ocean. Su yankin ne fiye da miliyan 11 square mita. km. Cikin shahararrun - Red (saltiest a duniya), Balarabe, da Andaman Sea, da Persian kuma gāɓar Bengal.
Ocean aka located a kan tsoho tectonic faranti, wadda ta motsa har yanzu. Saboda wannan, a cikin yankin ne m tsunamis da volcanic karkashin ruwa volcanoes.

climatic fihirisa

Indian Ocean, wani yanki fiye da miliyan 76 square mita. km, aka located hudu climatic zones. Arewa kogin tasa rinjayi a cikin Asian nahiyar, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa akwai m tsunami hankula monsoon sauyin yanayi. Saboda da high yanayin zafi da ruwa da aka kona da kyau, don haka da teku, da kuma inlets inda warmest. A kudu, mamaye da kudu maso gabashin cinikin iskõki da sanyi iska. A tsakiyar wurare masu zafi saman sau da yawa nunawa.

A dukan yanayi, abin kõyi da aka kafa monsoon - iskõki cewa canza shugabanci dangane da kakar. Kamar biyu daga gare su: bazara - zafi da kuma ruwa da kuma hunturu, tare da m canje-canje a cikin weather, wani lokacin tare da hadari da kuma ambaliyar ruwa.

Flora da fauna

Indian Ocean, wanda shi ne babban isa yankin, yana da wani musamman bambancin Flora da fauna, duka biyu a kan ƙasa, kuma a cikin ruwa part. Tropical arziki a plankton, wanda, sabanin da Pacific, yalwata da luminous kwayoyin. A babbar yawan crustaceans, jellyfish da squid. Na kifi sun fi na kowa irin maras tabbas, m teku maciji, tuna, da dama jinsunan sharks. Ruwa expanses iya ganin Whales, like da dabbobin ruwa. Coast aka zaba ta hanyar giant kunkuru da kuma giwa like.

Daga cikin iri-iri na tsuntsaye za a iya bambanta albatrosses da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai. Kuma a kudancin Afrika akwai daban-daban alƙarya da penguins. A m ruwan murjãni girma, wani lokacin kafa duka tsibiran. Daga cikin wadannan kyawawan kayayyaki gida da yawa 'yan wannan yankin - teku urchins da tarwada, crabs, Sponges, da murjani, kifi.

Kamar kowane sauran jiki na ruwa, da tekun Indiya yana cike da yawa jinsunan algae. Alal misali, Sargassum da suke da samuwa da kuma a cikin Pacific yankin. Akwai kuma wani lush da karfi litotamnii da halimedy taimako murjãni gina atolls turbinarii da Caulerpa kafa dukan karkashin ruwa Jungle. tide zone da tidal mangoro zaba - m, ko da yaushe kore gandun daji.

Tattalin arziki halaye na tekun Indiya

The Indian Ocean da aka raba tsakanin babban yankin da kuma 28 8 Island Amirka. Saboda gaskiya cewa wasu Whale jinsunan ne a kan gãɓar rãmi na nau'i nau'i, da zarar sosai raya kasuwanci whaling zo da kõme ba. Fishing daukan kananan kashi na tattalin arzikin wannan yankin. Kashe bakin tekun na Australia, Bahrain da kuma Sri Lanka samar nacre da lu'u-lu'u.

A teku ne mafi girma a kai dandali na jiragen ruwa a yankin. Main teku kai cibiya - da Suez Canal, wadda ta ha tekun Indiya da Atlantic. Daga can, hanyar da aka bude a Turai da kuma Amurka. Kusan mafi yawan kasuwanci rayuwa na yankin da aka mayar da hankali a tashar jiragen ruwa birane - Mumbai, Karachi, Durban, Colombo, Dubai da sauransu.

Saboda gaskiya cewa Indian Ocean area (miliyan km2) ne fiye da 76, yankin da yake riƙe wata babbar adadin ma'adinai adibas. Babbar adibas na ba-ferrous karafa da kuma ores. Amma babban dũkiya lalle ne m man fetur da kuma iskar gas. Suna da hankali, yafi a cikin shallows na Persian Gulf da Gulf of Suez.

Abin baƙin ciki, ayyukan mutane da dama suna samun barazana ga mutunci da adana duniya. Ratsa tekun India a babban adadin jigila motocin dakon da na kasuwanci jiragen ruwa. Duk wani leaks, har ma da kananan, na iya zama m ga dukan yankin.