Highland Dagestan: yanayi, taimako, muhalli da al'amurran da suka shafi

Daya daga cikin hotunan jamhuriyoyin da Rasha Federation - Dagestan. Wannan sunan ya bayyana a cikin goma sha bakwai karni kuma yana nufin "ƙasar duwãtsu". Wannan ita ce ƙasar reserves, ban mamaki yanayi yankin.

bambancin Dagestan

Kasa wuri Highland Dagestan - arewa maso gabashin kasar gangara na Caucasus da kuma kudu-maso-yammacin na Caspian ciki. Shi ne mafi kudancin Turai na Rasha. Yana da wani matsakaicin tsawon - 400 km daga arewa zuwa kudu. Latitude - game da 200 km. Caspian gaci Lines miƙa zuwa 530 km. Jamhuriyar iyakar - biyu koguna kuma (a cikin arewa) da kuma Samur (a kudu). Population heterogeneity kuma kunshi kasashe dabam-dabam.

A ƙasa da aka raba kashi uku, na halitta halaye ne sosai daban-daban daga juna. 51% na jamhuriyar bautar da filayen kwarinta. A arewa maso yammacin kuma kudu-maso-gabashin ridges cewa an rabu da kwaruruka, da kwaruruka, zauna 12% da kuma kira foothill part. Highland Dagestan - shi ne 37% na kasar. Duwatsu yanki - miƙa mulki daga manyan tudu zuwa cikin kunkuntar fi da cewa isa 2500 mita.

Dagestan baka

Kusan rabin na jamhuriyar - da duwatsu ƙasa. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa babban ɓangare - Highland makiyaya irin. Akwai fiye da 30 kololuwa cewa sun tsallaka kan shãmaki daga 4000 mita. Kuma mutane da dama ne duwãtsu, inda fim kawai ba ya isa da wannan matakin. Janar dutsen yanki - 25,5 dubu km² .. Saboda haka, matsakaicin tsayi da jamhuriyar - 960 mita saman teku matakin. Ne mafi girma dutsen - Bazardyuzyu, tsayinsa - 4466 m.

Jinsi, kafuwar duwãtsu, a fili raba da yankuna. Mafi na kowa da kuma baki shales, kuma alkaline dolomitic farar ƙasa, sandstone. Snow kunya, Boghos da Shalib - wannan allo.

Foothill tsawon na 225 km yanka a cikin gangara kunya, fiili wani dutse bango cewa encircles ƙurewar mai tsayi Dagestan. A wannan wuri ne mafi girma da ke kwararowa daga baƙi-matafiya.

Tourist hanya Dagestan wuce ta cikin duwatsu, wanda su ne ƙawar yankin. Racy vertices, wasan kwaikwayo ridges raga dutsen kõguna da ya wuce duk matakan da ganewar da - asali pilgrimages for adventurers.

Mountain weather zone

Jamhuriyar sauyin yanayi dogara a kan ƙasa zone. A yankin inda tsawo ne fiye da 1000 mita - duwatsu. Wannan yanki rufe game da 40% daga cikin dukan ƙasar da jamhuriyar. Duk da bambanci tsakanin surface, da sauyin yanayi da za a iya classified a matsayin moderately nahiyar.

Highland Dagestan ne halin da karin bambance-bambance da zazzabi Manuniya a kwatanta da filayen kwarinta. A tsawon 3000 mita yawan zafin jiki a ko'ina cikin shekara ba ya tashi sama 0 ° C. A coldest wata - Janairu, shi jeri daga -4 ° C zuwa -7 ° C. A bit na snow, amma za a iya rufe ƙasa a ko'ina cikin shekara. Warmest watan - Agusta. Summer a kan da na fi sanyi, amma dumi a kwaruruka.

Sababbu ruwan sama. Daga May zuwa Yuli, da girma daga cikin ruwan sama da dama. Sau da yawa ne hadari girgije. Livni iya yi jinkiri domin da yawa makonni. Yanayi cika kogin, da kuma waɗanda demolishing gadoji da kuma eroding en.

A kogin tsarin

Relief duwatsu Dagestan da gudummawar da zargin wani m cibiyar sadarwa na gudãna. A wani fannin 50.270 murabba'in kilomita akwai game da 6255 koguna. Amma a nan shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi yawansu ba su tsawon sama da 10 km. Highland Dagestan ba Yunƙurin zuwa biyu manyan koguna na kasar. Sulak aka ja daga daga duwãtsu zuwa arewa, da kuma Samur - a kudu.

Daban-daban al'ummai Sulak da ake kira "Tumaki Ruwa" ko "Rapids". Its tsawon - 169 km. Shi ne mai shi daga cikin manyan kanyon a Rasha. Its tsawon - game da 50 km. Matsakaicin zurfin - 1920 mita. Samur aka a baya aka sani da "kogin Chveher". Wannan shi ne karo na biyu da kogin a Dagestan. A tsawon shi - 213 km.

A general, kashi 92% na dukkan koguna - dutsen, da sauran 8% da faruwa a cikin filayen kwari, da na Shefela. talakawan kwarara gudu ne 1-2 m / s. A inganta gudun ambaliyar ruwa. A bayansa da River advantageously narke ruwa. A togiya ne kogin Gyulgerychay.

Kowace daga cikin kõguna kasance a cikin Caspian tasa, amma kawai 20 na su fada a cikin teku. Delta kafa a shekara canza su shugabanci a gaban Caspian Sea.

A richness na duwatsu yankin

Dagestan ne zuwa kashi uku Gwargwadon zones, kowanne daga abin da yana da halaye.

Shefela - wani wuri na chestnut da dutsen-gandun daji kasa. A kan fadi da Filato da kuma dutsen gangara sami baki gona. Akwai steppe, gandun daji da kuma dutsen makiyaya ƙasar.

A filayen kwarinta ana amfani da aikin gona da aikace-aikace. Mountainous ƙasa kawai gandun daji tsaye (a total fiye da 10%). Forest dokoki itatuwan oak. A kudancin yankunan musamman Beech da hornbeam gandun daji. A ciki yanki akwai Birch kuma Pine. Filato - makiyaya domin garkunansu. A poorer ɓangare na zafi - vertices. Akwai tsira kawai sanyi-Hardy mosses da lichens.

Namun dajin duwatsu Dagestan musamman. A wannan yanki rayuwa Dagestan akuya, duhu launin ruwan kasa beyar, daraja Caucasian barewa, Roe barewa, bezoar akuya, damisa. Mutane da yawa masu bincike sun shafi duniya tsuntsaye. Hu, chukar, mai tsayi Chough da Eagles yi imani tsaunuka mafi wuri zuwa rayuwa.

Lafiyar Qasa da kuma muhalli

The girman kai na yankin - reserves da na halitta Parks. A kowace shekara fiye da kuma mafi ƙasa ne karkashin jihar kariya. A richness na ƙasar bukatar a kare da kuma kula. Adana bambancinsa da Flora da fauna - babban aiki na halin yanzu gwamnati.

Amma a yau akwai tsanani matsalolin muhalli duwatsu Dagestan. Babbar - datti ruwan sha kafofin. Harm lalacewa ta hanyar mutum aiki. Da zarar tsabta kõguna nutsar a baƙin ciki sharar gida. Kada kawo kasa cutar da sata da ma'adanai da kuma deforestation. Iska da gur shuke-shuke da kuma masana'antu. Akwai matalauta sharar gida dashi tsarin.

Babban hadari ga wadannan manyan wuraren - sakaci na gida mutane da yanayi. Kada ka manta da cewa duk Dagestan aka located a cikin duwatsu yankin. Tare da la'akari deforestation take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa gangara hallaka. yashewa tsari ne karfafa kowace shekara. Saboda haka, kasar na iya zarar canja gaba daya ta bayyanar ko bace gaba ɗaya.