Helikofta "Robinson": halaye, photos, gudun. Tashi a cikin wani jirgin sama mai saukan ungulu "Robinson"

Rare direba, sau daya a cikin dogon zirga-zirga jam, ba ta koka da cewa motarsa rasa ikon dauki kashe da kuma tashi a kan toshe kwalaba. Musamman m overabundance na kai a cikin harka a lokacin da lokaci da daraja fiye da kudi. Wannan halin da ake ciki na faruwa a cikin mutanen da suka sarrafa manyan kudade domin wanda kasancewa marigayi zuwa kasuwanci taron iya juya zuwa babbar asarar. Matsayin mai mulkin, motoci nasara kasuwa saya da tsada. Kuma a sa'an nan mu sami mafita. Helikofta "Robinson" a kan ta kudin ne da a cikin price kewayon da zartarwa mota aji domin ta'aziyya ba na baya zuwa "Cadillac," kuma ya san babu zirga-zirga matsaloli.

zane

Aircraft na amfanin a kasashen yamma sun bayyana dogon da suka wuce, amma kafin su samuwa ne kawai zuwa sosai arziki mutane. A cikin eighties na karni na ashirin, da US m Robinson helikofta kama wani fuskar kananan zaman jirgin sama kasuwar da kuma fara tasowa a model helikofta cewa zai iya cika wata alkuki mabukaci tsakiyar aji. A gaskiya, shi ya kamata ya zama "tashi mota", wanda, a Bugu da kari ga matukin jirgin, zai dace da uku ko hudu fasinjoji da kaya. A Amirka, mutane sau da yawa tafiya a kan su motoci, shawo kan nisa daga sama zuwa dubban kilomita, da kuma a irin wannan nesa lasafta "Robinson". A helikofta, ban da wadannan bukatun, bisa ga mahaukaci da kuma sauran muhimman Properties: sauki handling da piloting koyo, tattali man fetur amfani, dogon sabis rayuwa, sauki tabbatarwa, AMINCI, lafiya da kuma ta'aziyya. Bi da duk wadannan yanayi a cikin wannan mota - ba sauki aiki, da kuma zane ofishin kamfanin yi aiki tuƙuru. Sai da na ɗauki kusan shekaru goma da su ci gaba da helikofta. A shekarar 1990, da helikofta "Robinson" na farko model R44 ya kullum a shirye a kamar wata shekara an bokan da aka gabatar da kasuwar karami fiye da sauran jiragen sama.

zane Features

A misalin da mota ta zo hankali nan da nan bayan wata ganawa da da jirgin sama yi data daga cikin jirgin sama. Helikofta "Robinson" weighs kawai a kan wani ton da man fetur, matukin jirgin, fasinjoji da su kaya. Wannan yayi dace kamar zuwa ɗora Kwatancen nauyi "Zhiguley". The man fetur a cikin tankuna na 185 lita aka sanya, wanda shi ne isa ga uku ko hudu da rabi hours ko 650 kilomita daga jirgin. Duk da haka, waɗanda suka yi a rayuwa don magance wajen kananan jirgin sama, san cewa tashi zuwa makõmarku bai isa ba, dole ne mu ma su iya kasa a can. Kuma wannan na bukatar da Airfield (idan jirgin faruwa a kan wani jirgin saman) ko wani m dandali (helikofta). A diamita na na'ura mai juyi "Robinson" shi ne a bit fiye da goma mita, jimlar overall girma - 11,75 m, amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa yana da sauki sa a kan wani jirgin saman, a daure da tsawon, yana bukatar wasu karin stock. Duk da haka, da yanayi na dasa da bukatun wannan inji shi ne a matsayin mai sauki kamar yadda zai yiwu saboda wani zane alama - dunƙule ne high, fiye da uku mita sama da ƙasa, da kuma yiwuwar a kama su saboda wasu kananan cikas. A wasu kalmomin, da helikofta "Robinson" a shirya musamman saukowa site ba a bukata.

asirin powerplant

The inji aka gina bisa ga gargajiya makirci da daya m, kuma daya tuƙi propeller (compensating) a dunƙule zubar a kan katako. A ikon shuka aka located bayan da taksi da ya hada da wani mota tare da kaya. rubuta mota, dangane da version, na iya zama 540 ko IO-O-540 Lycoming - a lokuta biyu, mahara ikon ya wuce 260 horsepower. Yawan cylinders - shida. A cikin gida na saukar ungulu ne in mun gwada shiru. Asiri na wani low amo matakin, duration sabis rayuwa da kuma high AMINCI ikon shuka kunshi redundancy, Ina nufin da ikon headroom. Yana aiki "rabin-heartedly", ba tare da ƙagauta, wanda tare da ban sha'awa da yin amfani da kayan (ciki har da kumshin), tabbatar low amo, da kuma tare da ƙara lalacewa juriya, take kaiwa zuwa sosai sakamako mai kyau.

management

'Yan jirage masu saukar ungulu, don haka biyayya da matukin jirgi a matsayin "Robinson". The saukar ungulu da aka tsara don guda pilot, amma, idan zama dole, a zaune a dama da fasinja zai iya dauka a kan piloting. Don yin wannan, shi ne isa zuwa kunna ikon ƙurma (cyclic Hakika) a gefe da kuma amfani da nasu farar gyara liba da gala, wanda ya bar sanye take da biyu gaban kujeru. Ba kowane low-tonnage saukar ungulu yana sanye take da wani dual-aiki iko, amma yana da muhimmanci yadda za a inganta zaman lafiya, da kuma a cikin horo da matukan jirgin, wanda sau da yawa masu motocin.

jirgin yi

Kowane jirgin sama da aka kiyasta da masana jam'i na haƙiƙa sigogi auna a cikin Figures. Saboda haka, da ikon aiki da na'ura a arewacin latitudes ko na Arewacin buga da yawan zafin jiki fuska a cikin abin da jirgin lafiya lau. Mun yi la'akari da fasaha samfurin shi ne m - daga -30 ° C zuwa + 40 ° C, daga abin da muka iya gama game da yiwuwar aikinsa, kusan duk yankin Rasha. Cruise (Ina nufin, al'ada aiki) gudun da helikofta "Robinson" ne kamar daidai to 110 miles a kowace awa (a raka'a soma a cikin United States) ko mu na 177 km / h, amma zai iya isa 190 a afterburner. Idan muka yi la'akari da straightness na yanayin, amfanin iska kai zama na fili. Matsakaicin tsawo ya kira aviators rufi, ya kai 4250 mita, amma yawanci shi ne a kasa, a kan daya da rabi dubu, a kan abin da ya fi tattali man fetur amfani helikofta "Robinson". Halaye dogara ne a kan model da kuma mataki na tsara sabis rayuwa.

gyare-gyare

Robinson helikofta kamfanin cikin sharuddan samar da wuya a kwatanta da irin wannan "Whales" na American jirgin sama masana'antu a matsayin "Boeing", "Sikorsky" ko "McDonnell Douglas". A kasuwanci nasarar da kamfanin ya kai a cikin tsallaka delineated kasuwar kashi na kananan jiragen sama. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya nufin cewa ta kayayyakin ake nufi zaman kansa kawai abokan ciniki, shi za saya da kuma hukumomin gwamnati (misali, 'yan sanda), kuma ba kawai American. Domin kai ne mafi girma mabukaci na bakan samar bakwai versions "Robinson" jirage masu saukar ungulu:

- "Astro" - powered by O-540.

- "Raven" - kasuwanci model tare da karfafa engine O-540-F1B5 a kan karfe seleji cewa zai iya tsayayya da saukowa a kan wuya musamman saman.

- "Clipper" - taso kan ruwa version (gidrovertolet).

- "Raven II» - Allura engine yana IO-540-AE1A5. Bugu da kari, da propeller ruwan wukake an sanya fadi. Har ila yau kumbura kewayawa damar cewa damar da jirgin tare da iyaka ko sifili ganuwa.

- "Clipper II» - guda "Raven II» a gidrovariante.

- "Ah-Afis Ar-Trainer" - kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, tsarin ilmantarwar, sanye take da duk dole kayan aiki.

- "Polis II» - a mota ga 'yan sanda, sanye take daidai da.

Ta'aziyya da kuma aminci

Tashi a cikin wani jirgin sama mai saukan ungulu "Robinson" ba sosai daban-daban daga faruwa ga wata al'ada mota a kan mai kyau hanya. Kujeru dace gina a ƙasa kaya kwalaye. Glazing ne ma farin ciki, da kuma ba kawai matukin (wannan tambaya yana da wani utilitarian darajar domin shi: mafi Siffar, da sauki shi ne a kewaya a sarari), amma kuma fasinjoji waɗanda kawai sha'awar.

Amma ga hadari ya karya, lalle shi haƙĩƙa akwai, amma shi ne m nisa kasa da lokacin da motsi zuwa wasu halaye na sufuri. Ko engine gazawar ba sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa ban tausayi sakamakon - a fasalin ba kawai "Robinson" (kuma shi ne mai sauqi), amma a general duk jirage masu saukar ungulu da cewa za a iya yin gwada da taushi saukowa saboda da inertial juyawa daga cikin na'ura mai juyi (da ake kira autorotation).

Mafi sau da yawa irin wannan motoci samun a hatsarori saboda kasa horo na matukan jirgin, ko m sabis.

secondary kasuwar

Factory farashin a Amurka "Robinson R-44" da daraja game da $ 300 dubu. A view of dila ta gefe da kwastan yarda halin kaka, shi ne a Rasha ya kai 450 dubu. Irin wannan babban kudin karfafa m masu neman hanyoyin da za a ajiye kudi ta hanyar sayen da zama dole kayan aiki a kan sakandare kasuwar, inda za ka iya yin saya, biya daga 270 zuwa 400 dubu dalar Amurka. Na goma jirage masu saukar ungulu guda tara sayar cewa hanya, shi ne ba da wani togiya da helikofta "Robinson". Photos of samarwa inji ba kome yawa, yafi muhimmanci shi ne tarin bayanai a kan sabis rai raka'a da kuma janar shekaru. Lokaci tsakanin overhauls ba zai iya wuce 2200 hours (wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, ba cheap - zai biya game da $ 60 dubu.). Ya kamata kuma kula da sauran hanya na kowane daga cikin raka'a, musamman mafi tsada. Gaskiyar cewa jirgin sama masana'antun duniya asali riba ba daga sayar da kayan aiki, da kuma dabam daga ta samar da gyara da kuma wasu kaya.