Halitta da rashin aikin yi da kuma siffofin

Rashin aikin yi da ake kira zamantakewa da tattalin arziki sabon abu a cikin wanda ɓangare na aiki da kuma aiki yawan ba zai iya samun aikin da haka ne ya zama wani "superfluous".

A Sanadin rashin aikin yi da kuma bayyananen ne daban-daban, don haka shi za a iya subdivided cikin jinsin.

A cikin duniya shi ne yarda da su yi la'akari da uku na asali iri wannan matsala: tsarin da frictional (na halitta rashin aikin yi) da kuma cyclical rashin aikin yi.

A karkashin wucin gadi rashin aikin yi frictional fahimta mutane saboda son rai canja wuri zuwa wani aiki, shi ne alaka da search for da kuma fata na da wani karin m wuri. Mafi sau da yawa wannan halin da ake ciki na faruwa a tsakanin mutane, a ɗauki wani aiki da suka dace da basirarsu da kuma sirri da zaɓin.

The darajar da irin wannan rashin aikin yi da dogara a kan ayyuka da kuma tasiri da kuma gudun da wanda mutane sami aiki da ya fi dacewa da su.

Tsarin rashin aikin yi ya dogara da fasaha inganta a samar, musanyãwa tsarin wani ikon bukatar. Wannan rashin aikin yi ne yawanci tilasta.

Cyclical rashin aikin yi wani lokacin ake kira da rashin bukatar. Yana da wani sakamako na raguwa a tara bukatar for aiki.

Intermediate tsakanin gogayya zobe kuma shi ne yanayi da rashin aikin yi. An rinjayi muhalli dalilai, kuma an sauƙi annabta.

Wannan irin rashin aikin yi ne muhimmi a cikin yawon shakatawa kasuwanci, noma, kiwon kifi da wasu (kama kifi, tara berries, gami dazuzzuka, farauta), da gina masana'antu. A lokaci guda, m aiki ya ci gaba da watanni da dama, ko makonni na shekara, da kuma "sauki" ne lura a cikin sauran lokaci.

The halitta marasa aikin yi

Masanin American monetarist Milton Friedman frictional da kuma tsarin iri da rashin aikin yi a hade a cikin guda manufar "halitta rashin aikin yi". A wani tattalin arzikin da cikakken aiki yakan haifar da wani halin da ake ciki wanda shi ne barga na dogon lokaci. Haka kuma an kira al'ada rashin aikin yi.

The halitta yawan marasa aikin yi - a gani na ma'auni jihar na aiki kasuwa a cikin cikakkar aiki, a wannan yanayin, yawan mutanen da neman aiki, daidai da yawan ayyuka. Idan yawan marasa aikin yi ya wuce da na halitta gaskiya, gaji da damuwa da ma'auni a cikin aiki kasuwa, akwai cyclical m wanda ya so ya yi aiki, amma ba gano da wuri saboda raguwa a bukatar ma'aikata sã'õ'in dakushe samar.

Halitta da rashin aikin yi a mafi cigaban kasashe ne 4-6% da kuma ta matakin a 'yan shekarun nan da aka girma steadily saboda da high jin dadin jama'a na' yan kasa daga cikin wadannan kasashe (kara a rashin aikin yi, da girma da albashi, sassauta bukatun ga wadanda samun amfanin). Wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani dogon search for wani wuri, da girma da bukatunsu samarwa aiki.

A zuwa gaba Trend a matakin na halitta yawan marasa aikin yi da ake dangantawa da wata karuwa a aiki da rabo daga mata da matasa, kazalika da m canje-canje a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki.

Da aka sani tun da manufar yankin da rashin aikin yi, shi ya auku a wasu yankuna saboda da taro ƙulli daga kasuwanci.

Karkashin fahimta da boye rashin aikin yi ne a yanayin inda mutane aiki ƙa'ida, amma a gaskiya, dauka da yawa sarari. Gwaji matakin na boye rashin aikin yi ne muhimmi a cikin zamani tattalin arzikin na Rasha da kuma Bashkortostan. Wannan shi ne saboda wani babban yawan tsaro da kuma manyan kashin kamfanoni. A lokacin tarayya umarni tsaro kamfanoni suna ba restructured ko rufe, da ma'aikata na wadannan kamfanonin ba ja da baya, amma an jera a matsayin kasancewa a cikin Gudanarwa iznin, ko don bayyana a wurin aiki sau da yawa a watan jiya. A wannan yanayin, idan kamfanin nasa ne da birnin main, m layoffs kai zuwa wani ƙarin tsanani na zaman jama'a halin da ake ciki a yankin.