Flora da fauna daga Lake Baikal

Baikal - shi ne mafi fama da ruwa jiki a duniya. Its dabbobin da yawa, kuma tsire-tsire ba faruwa a ko'ina kuma a duniya. Duk wanda zai iya ƙidaya fiye da 2.600 jinsunan halittu. Mun koyi cewa wakiltar lake Flora da fauna da shi.

kayan duniya

A Baikal girma musamman murjãni, wanda yan unguwa kira da marine soso. A ruwa, suna da taushi da kuma taurara a cikin iska. A tsakiyar lokacin rani a cikin m ruwan bayyana mucous kuma fibrous fauna. A jihar bakin teku yankin alfahari fadi da dama da ciyayi. Wannan relict spruce, stilted itatuwa tare da fallasa Tushen, magani itacen al'ul scented poplar zato siffofi, da dama lichens, mosses, kuma mafi.

Baikal duwãtsu aka mafi yawa rufe da lokacin farin ciki coniferous gandun daji. Ya aka wakilta itacen al'ul, larch, spruce, Pine, fir kuma Birch itatuwa. A filayen kwarinta girma currant bushes, balsam poplar, Siberian daji Rosemary da low alder.

Ya kamata a lura cewa gida da ciyayi ne sosai bambancin. Amma bari mu bincika a taƙaice da Flora na Lake Baikal, wanda shi ne na fi sha'awa.

Siberian itacen al'ul

Siberian itacen al'ul girma a kan Baikal - shi ne mai iko itace. A ta kai diamita na zuwa 1.8 mita da kuma tsawo - 40 mita. Cedar zaune har zuwa rabin karni, da kuma bayan shida shekarun da suka gabata ya fara bayar da wani arziki girbi na kwayoyi. A lokacin da yan unguwa da lakabi shi abinci Siberian itace. Tare da guda akwati za a iya harhada fiye da goma kilo kwayoyi. Amma a kowace shekara, saboda Cones nunarsa kawai 14-15 watanni.

A baya can kerarre daga kwayoyi madara, kirim mai tsami, man shanu, kuma halvah (maimakon sunflower). Amma yanzu wadannan crafts dã muminai manta. Yau, amfani ne kawai da kwayoyi da kuma 'ya'yan itãcen itacen al'ul. An Heart, amma barga wari wanda zai iya hana mol shekaru da dama.

rhododendrons

Musamman Flora Baikal ne Rosemary, ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, Dahurian rhododendron. Ya dauke da wani harbinger na spring Baikal, saboda shi blooms farko, a lokacin da County ne babu greenery. A wannan lokaci, Ledum kyawawan launuka da jihar bakin teku sashi a inuwõyinta suna kusa, ruwan hoda petals na da furanni. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan shuka Forms thickets cikin Eastern Siberia.

Wadannan Ledum fara Bloom sagaan-ba, rhododendron Adams. A mutane da shi ne da aka sani a matsayin "fari reshe" ko tsiro na tsawon rai. Wannan inji ake amfani da toning da haramta motsa kodan, zuciya da kwakwalwa. Adams ma sanannen rhododendron protivopohmelnym sakamako. A kofin shayi aka kara ba fiye da biyar ganye flower. A sha aka samu tare da wani karfi amma m ƙanshi.

Za ka iya ganin blooming rhododendron, wakilin Baikal Flora, hoton da ke sama. Abu ne mai sauki su yi tunanin abin da mai kyau ya buɗe lokacin da ganin blooming dukan thickets wannan shuka.

thyme

Wannan inji shi ma ake kira Bogorodsk ciyawa. Ya ke tsiro a kan steppe grasslands, m hillsides da kuma bude m yankunan. Rarraba a cikin Trans-Baikal da Baikal yankin. All bazara so ido da kyau ruwan hoda furanni, waxanda suke a fili a bayyane a kan m tuddai.

Thyme ƙunshi game da daya bisa dari na da muhimmanci mai. Saboda haka, quite a bit na Mash twig a hannunsa don jin da halayyar da kuma m wari.

Decoctions da infusions na ganye Bogorodskaya yadu amfani da magani dalilai, don ƙarfafa tsarin na rigakafi, kawar da rashin barci, juyayi da cuta da kuma ko da tsawanta rayuwa. Ga shiri na wani medicament yawanci dauki daya ko biyu tablespoons na bushe ganye da ɗari milliliters, daga ruwan zãfi. Shamans kuma yi amfani da nasarar Baikal Flora, domin yanka tsarkakewa jẽfa, a cikin wuta kawai tsunkule na thyme.

ramson

Ramson tsiro a kusan dukkanin yankunan Lake Baikal. A wasu wurare da shi Forms wani muhimmanci undergrowth.

Fara tara da kuma sayar da wannan Flora a watan Mayu da Yuni. A wannan lokaci, ganye da kuma stalks har yanzu m, kuma haka m da kuma taushi. Cheremsha yana da fadi da aikace-aikace a dafa abinci. Ana amfani maimakon kore albasa, amma shi wari kamar tafarnuwa. Har ila yau, da ciyawa da aka kara wa salads, nama jita-jita, kek fillings kuma salted kamar sauerkraut.

Rhodiola rosea

Watakila, duk da yan unguwa san yadda wakilin Flora na Lake Baikal yana da kaddarorin ginseng. Yana Rhodiola rosea, ko Golden Akidar, kamar yadda aka kira. Blooms a watan Yuni-Yuli, kusan fadin Baikal a kan stony gangara, kankara da kuma a cikin crevices daga duwãtsu.

A inji shi ne daidai kawar da gajiya da kuma stimulates duk matakai a cikin jiki. Domin warkewa dalilai, yi amfani ne kawai da rhizomes aka girbe a lokacin flowering zamani. Tono babbar samfurori an tsabtace, yanke da bushe a cikin inuwa. Bayan wani barasa-shirya ruwa tsantsa. Abin lura shi ne cewa digging na tushen na zinariya tushen a cikin daya da kuma wannan wuri za a gudanar a kawai kowane shekaru goma.

cowberry

Very arzikin ma'adinai da kuma magani Flora na Baikal. Wani rare gida magani ne cranberries. Ya ke tsiro a cikin Siberian gandun daji, sau da yawa kafa a ci gaba da magana da m undergrowth. Tare da mai kyau girbi ga 'yan sa'o'i, za ka iya tattara cikakken guga na berries. Nunarsa a watan Agusta da Satumba.

Lingonberry ne mai kyau a matsayin antipyretic da diaphoretic. Amma kuma shi ne babban kari ne a zafi nama ko shayi a cikin nau'i na jam. Berry daidai adana a cikin sugar, ruwa da kuma a cikin injin daskarewa.

Baikal fauna

A iri-iri da kuma kyakkyawa da Flora da fauna da lake ba ya bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. Kamar dubi photos na Flora da fauna daga Lake Baikal, yayin da mazaunan rayuwa ma fi m.

A lake gida na musamman da soso, wanda masana kimiyya kwanan dangana ga aji na dabbobi. Shi ne da godiya ga aikin da wannan kasancewa da ruwa da ya rage crystal bayyana. Irin wannan yanayi zai shafi babban iri-iri na kifi. Baikal an samu cod, sturgeon, kifi, catfish da kuma irin kifi jinsunan, kazalika da cisco, golomyanka, Grayling, perch, Pike, kuma whitefish. Amma ya fi shahara da kuma rare wadan da lake za a iya kira da hatimi.

A gandun daji ne ma gida da Siberian dabbobi kamar beyar, Wolves, Foxes, hares da sables. Har ila yau, masu yawon shakatawa suna kan hanyar zuwa hadu a ferret, wolverine, ermine, marmot, kurege, Elk muz tarbagan, daji boar, ja barewa da daji goat.

A Baikal yawa dabbobi daban daban, amma la'akari kawai mafi ban sha'awa fauna.

omul

Cisco ne daya daga masu yawa sayar da jinsunan Baikal. Wannan kifi ba da most (har zuwa biyar kilo da kuma tsawon hamsin santimita). Amma a cikin tafkin gida a subspecies cewa shi ne endemic. Total samu hudu daga alƙarya: Arewa Baikal, Selenga, ambassadorial da Chivyrkuisky cisco.

Yau, da lake, da Flora da fauna ne sosai bambancin, masana asusu na mutum dubu talatin shugabancin wadannan kifaye. A kwatanta da shekarun da suka gabata adadinsu ya kara da dan kadan. Cisco zaune ba fiye da kwata karni. Yana ciyarwa a kan benthic kwaro, crustaceans da kuma sauran kifaye majiya karfi. Baikal subspecies mai daraja saboda ta musamman da kuma m, ku ɗanɗani m.

golomyanka

The most kifi na Lake Baikal iya kiranta golomyanka. Its total biomass da yawan sau biyu yake, fiye da a cikin wasu nau'in. Sha'awa, da golomyanka aka haife su rayu matasa maimakon sa qwai, kamar na sauran. Irin wannan Hanyar kiwo ba ya gana da babu wani daga cikin da aka sani, kifi a cikin duniya.

Har ila yau, fa, tã da hankali ga jiki golomyanka. Shi ne rabin kitsen da haka translucent. Ta hanyar wutsiya sashe na babban misali, za ka iya ma karanta rubutu da aka rubuta a cikin manyan haruffa.

Golomyanka zaune a duk acan, da kuma a kasa, kuma a kan surface. Saboda haka, yana daidai da wãtsa a cikin ruwa shafi. Wannan kifi ne babban tushen abinci ga like, wanda kuma ban sha'awa, kazalika da sauran wadan Flora da fauna daga Lake Baikal.

hãtimi

A Baikal hatimi ne kawai hatimin a duniya da cewa na zaune a cikin sabo ruwa. Yada shi a kusa da tafkin, amma musamman a tsakiya da kuma arewacin sassa. Don kwanan wata, masana asusu na game da mutum ɗari da dubu shugabannin like. Suka ku yi awo 50-130 kg kuma a tsawon na jiki daga cikin mafi girma samfurori kai kusan mita biyu. Wadannan like rayuwa 55 shekaru, da kuma ciyar da golomyanka Baikal gobies.

Wannan ne mai matukar m, ban sha'awa da kuma sauki horar da dabba. Seals sau da yawa iyo har zuwa jiragen ruwa da kuma rugujewa na dogon lokaci suna located kusa. Abin mamaki, wadannan like sun koyi yadda za numfashi a karkashin kankara ta hanyar iska ramukan. Forepaws suka tsaga cikin rami tare da diamita na daya zuwa biyu mita. Bugu da ƙari, dabba daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta kawar da shi tare da kankara a ci gaba da size. Amma wannan shi ne babban iska ramukan, da kuma suna warwatse a kusa da karami ƙarin rijiyoyin.

Seal ne saman abinci sarkar na yanayin kasa na Lake Baikal. The kawai hadari ne wani mutum da mata. Mafarauta hallaka wani matasa tare da farin Jawo wanda aka koyaswar a cikin da'ira.

Barguzin Sable

Wannan shi ne almara dabba da aka samu ba kawai a kan lake, amma kuma a ko'ina cikin taiga na Rasha. Sobol kira taushi zinariya, saboda shi yana da kyau, m, sabili da haka tsada Jawo. A Barguzin duba godiya ga mafi duhu konkoma karãtunsa fãtun kullum dauke da wani Boon ga auctions. Saboda wannan, dabba kusa su zama dadaddun a lokacin Soviet zamanin, lokacin da suka fara halaka musamman Flora da fauna daga Lake Baikal.

Sable ba da most dabba, da jiki tsawon kai game da ƙafãfu biyu. Amma ya dvadtsatisantimetrovy Fluffy da kyau wutsiya. Fi son su rayu a cikin itacen al'ul, da na sama kai na dutse a qarqashinsu, thickets, kuma daga cikin dutse placers. High aiki Sable nuna a yamma da kuma da safe, a lokacin farauta.

Birds da lake Baikal

A cikin kusanci da Lake Baikal zauna kowa gandun daji da tsuntsaye, da kuma tafkin kanta saboda yawan abinci janyo hankalin teku anglers. A mafi kowa iri-iri na ducks cewa son congregate a kan ruwa a manyan garkunan tumaki. A m tsibirin da ake densely lugar tare da seagulls da kuma a kan bude karkara soar baki cormorants. A kan bankunan na wuya gani Swans, screamers, geese, baki-throated mai nutsa da launin toka herons.

Musamman game daga gida mutane ne gaggafa. A Baikal rayukansu bakwai jinsin. Yana Pallas ta Fish Eagle, White-tailed gaggafa, steppe gaggafa, Eagles dwarfs, mafi girma dabbare mikiya, zinariya gaggafa, da kuma binne. Irin wannan bambancin samu babu inda kuma a nahiyar Asiya.

Saboda haka, sai aka dauke a takaice da Flora da fauna daga Lake Baikal. Yanzu da ka san abin da dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke da ake samu a wannan ban mamaki wuri.