Ina Black biosphere ajiye ƙasar? Black duniya - Reserve Kalmykia

A musamman Muciya Reserve "Black Duniya" - kadai Rasha ajiye, inda ya yi karatu na halitta shimfidar halayyar da hamada zone, Semi-Hamada da kuma matakan. Bugu da kari, ya aka ƙoƙarin ajiye Kalmyk saiga, kara da lambobi. Reserves, halitta a cikin shekara ta 1990, aka bayar da UNESCO 12.03.93 Muciya Reserve.

location ajiye

Reserve ɗimautarwa daga kudancin Turai ƙasashen Rasha. Amma inda ake Reserve "Black Duniya", ne Jamhuriyar Kalmykia. The National Park kunshi sassa biyu, da yanayin damina da su ne sosai daban-daban.

Steppe yanki maida hankali ne akan arewa maso yammacin na Caspian ciki. Yana lullube tare da m kai na kõguna Volga da kuma, ƙasashe sun shagaltar da Yashkulsky da Chernozemelsky District. Bird Area kara a kusa da tafkin Manych-Gudilo. An located in da kuma-Manych mawuyacin, ko kuma wajen, a cikin cibiyar. Ta dũkiyarku da aka miƙa a kan Yashaltinskomu da Priyutnensky District.

Nature shakatawa ne m zuwa garuruwa Komsomolskoe Hultuha, kauye Priyutnoe. Muciya Reserve "Black Duniya" - wani wuri inda docked biyu manyan duniya yanayin kasa. Yana Shared Mulki matsakaici yankin tare da grasslands da kuma nahiyar bel na Hamada da kuma Semi-Hamada mamaye garin kankara hunturu.

Gwargwadon siffofin

Stretches na undulating low-maƙaryaciya bayyana, kafa ta sararin iri-iri na kunya-m Sands National Park "Black Duniya". The ajiye aka located a ƙasa rufe adibas aka kafa a lokacin farko na Caspian Sea a kan sandararriyar ƙasa. Saboda haka, ya m ƙasashe karfi Saline.

A dangane tsakanin Azov da Caspian Shefela - wani tsoho matsatsiyar mikewa domin kilomita 500 - aka canza a cikin Manych ciki. Game da sau daya wanzu mashigar yanzu yayi kama da lake Manych-Gudilo, dake a cikin kogo.

Da farko, da lake ruwa ya ma Saline. The fari kandami kusan gaba daya bushe. Daga zauna sarkar na kankanin Ozerets saltwater alaka scanty ducts ko gaba daya katse. Artificial ambaliya rage gwargwado na lake, amma taimaka wajen ci gaba da nisa a cikin kewayon daga 1.5 zuwa nisan kilomita 10, kuma zurfin a tsakiyar taimako depressions iyaka - har zuwa 5-8 mita.

Sharply nahiyar sauyin yanayi ne Marinjãyi a ajiye "Black Duniya". The ajiye aka mamaye bushe zafi lokacin bazaar, kuma harsh winters snowless. Saboda haka sunan wurin shakatawa: ƙasar ba a rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara - black. Running zazzabi kewayon daga +24 zuwa +42 ⁰ C, hunturu aka sa a daga -6 zuwa -35 ⁰ C.

dabba adana

Hankula steppe da kuma Semi-hamada dabbobi zauna da biosphere shakatawa "Black Duniya". Reserve tattarã yawa dabbobi masu rarrafe. Domin bango masu rarrafe dauki azumi da kuma m barbs, toad eared da vertihvostok. Ba nisa a baya su da yashi Boa gilashi-lizard. Ja jiki daga zuwa bask a rana malpolon da steppe viper.

Manufa domin ruwan kasa hare da kuma dogon-eared hedgehogs, gerbils, kuma gophers Reserve "Black Duniya". Animals na ga yara, a tsare ƙasa na farauta. A vastness na shakatawa ply Foxes da Wolves, ferrets da haske miya. Lokaci-lokaci zo fadin kudancin Birch linzamin kwamfuta, stylodipus da arewacin uku-toed jerboa. Tẽku-hoofed dabbobi daga kowa irin gada. Tsararre saiga yawan, kusan bace a 1980s, kuma a yanzu ya girma zuwa 150 dubu.

Goma sha biyu tsibirin na Lake Manych-Gudilo breeds Community waterbirds. Kan bango na saba jinsunan tsuntsaye tsaya daga mazauna na rare tsuntsaye lake. Al'ada gulls, cormorants da spoonbills ne 'yan makwabta, ruwan hoda da kuma curly pelicans. Garkunan waterfowl cewa ƙaura daga wintering protracted, tsara a kan Lake hutu. A lokacin hijira hadu ja-breasted Goose, fari-fronted da launin toka geese.

ciyayi ajiye

A wurin shakatawa zo tare biyu zones - bari da kuma bushe steppe. A launi palette na hamada da kuma steppe dabam dangane da kakar. A bore na launi in spring ephemeral a cikin kasa shakatawa "Black Duniya". Reserve zapolonyayut m Inflorescence irises da tulips, carnations cike da koyaswa hatsi da kuma girma da ganyen Artemisia m kore sautunan.

Tare da isowa na bazara kwanaki samun gogayya cikin m-kasa-kasa daji wuta da bulbous bluegrass haskaka silvery whitish tsibiran feathery gashin tsuntsu. A karshen lokacin rani aka mamaye ruwan kasa da kuma rawaya launukansa cewa lalubo alfalfa, bakin ciki kananan kafafu, wheatgrasses, masu ɗaci. Kaka grayish-kasa-kasa bango kafa ta baki masu ɗaci da kuma withering ciyawa, a bayyane blotches na duhu kore halophytic al'ummomi, a hankali wucewa cikin jini-ja aibobi.