Diesel particulate tacewa. Ganawa da na'ura, da aiki da manufa

A gabatarwar da sabon muhalli matsayin motoci tilasta masana'antun samar mafi m fasahar da cewa ba dama su kayayyakin cika da nagartacce. Irin wannan burin jama'ar saboda zargin dukan iyalan injuna da cewa ƙunshi low-watsi aiki kayayyakin. Aiki ne a ci gaba a wasu yankunan. Saboda haka, a 2004, akwai wani dizal particulate tace cewa minimizes cutarwa da kima. Ko da yake a lokacin da aka kafa ta da shi ba haka ba ne yadu a bukatar, developers sun ci gaba da inganta wannan tunanin, kuma a yau, bisa ga "Yuro 5" misali, da kasancewa daga cikin na'urar a cikin mota zane ne dole ne.

Me da bukatar wani particulate tace?

Na'urorin na irin wannan ne nufin aftertreatment na shaye gas. Nan da nan ya kamata a lura da cewa dizal particulate tace amfani da dizal injuna kawai. A fetur raka'a analogue abubuwa a matsayin mai kara kuzari. Babban maƙasudin na kafuwa ne a cire guba abubuwa daga shaye. Irin wannan sarrafa gas da kuma sa cikin mota mafi tsabtace muhalli. Matatu iya zama daban-daban a kan na'urar, amma su yi aiki da na rage toka abun ciki a cikin shaye yi ta 80%.

Abin baƙin ciki, aiwatar da wannan aiki entails mai yawa da wasu matsaloli, mafi yawan abin da lãbãri a gare sabis da tace kanta. Kamar yadda iskar gas aiki na'ura da aka gurbata da kuma bukatar tsaftacewa. A matsanancin, da particulate tace an cire da kuma shigar da su a maimakonsu sabon gyara aftertreatment.

Da tace na'urar

A block aka sanya a baya da catalytic Converter. Wasu tace ma da damar saɓani a cikin ta tsarin hade tare da hadawan abu da iskar shaka mai kara kuzari. A irin haka shi ne located bayan da shaye da yawa, inda a can ne a kalla gas zazzabi. Babban bangaren na matrix aka sanya a cikin wani karfe casing. A misali model an yi shi da silicon carbide, wanda shi ne daban-daban daga cikin salon salula tsarin kananan giciye sashe tashoshi. A gaskiya, da porous tsarin da gefen bangon a wadannan tashoshi da kuma bayar da tsarkakewa. Mahimmanci, dizal particulate tace ne kawai wani bangare na dukan fanni na tsarin da kuma na'urorin da hannu a cikin aikace-aikace. A wannan kungiyar kuma ya shafi yawan zafin jiki na'urori masu auna sigina, da ikon naúrar, wani jirgin kwamfuta, mai turbocharger da t. D. Wani abu ne cewa da tace aikin wani karshe tsaftacewa aiki da haka za a iya gani a matsayin wani key kashi, tun da noxious aiwatar da jiki abubuwa.

manufa na aiki

A dukan tsari za a iya raba matakai biyu - wata kai tsaye aiwatar da tacewa da toka farfadowa. A mataki na farko da carbon baki barbashi an makale, sa'an nan ajiye a kan tace katangu. A wannan batun, mafi matsala ne kananan barbashi har zuwa 1 micron, kamar yadda su low nauyi ya hana wakafi. Duk da yake da rabo daga irin wannan abubuwa ne kawai 5% na jimlar, su ne kawai mafi hatsari ga mutane. Duk da haka, a yau ta particulate tace ba ka damar, yadda ya kamata sarrafa da kuma aiki irin barbashi. Mataki na biyu farfadowa da aka ajiye abubuwa. Gaskiyar cewa su jari a manyan yawa ba kawai ya cũtar kansa da tace, amma kuma rage engine ikon kamar yadda kafa hani ga nassi na gaba gas. A wannan batun, matakan tsabtace toka na'urorin ne mai m ɓangare na mota sabis.

M tace tsaftacewa

Wannan irin lura ake aiwatar saboda high shaye gas da cewa yanayin zafi na iya kai 600 ° C. Wani irin m farfadowa hanya ne don gabatar da daban-daban Additives a cikin man fetur don tabbatar da ingantaccen konewa na toka. A wannan yanayin ma, akwai wani tasiri na zazzabi, amma a matakin 400-500 ° C. Track yanayin damar da thermal sakamako haska particulate tace, wadda iko da wasu daga cikin sigogi na engine. Duk da haka, a wasu hawa aiki yanayi, m tacewa ne m, ko ba zai yiwu ba.

Active tace tsaftacewa

Wannan ya tilasta tsarin kula da tsaftacewa da tace, wanda dogara ne a kan musamman high zazzabi shaye gas yanayi. Tara a rike irin wannan yanayi toka a hankali cinye. Muhimmanci a cikin aiki tsaftacewa - wata hanya cewa ya kai high yanayin zafi. Daga cikin mafi kowa hanyoyin da aka ware marigayi man fetur allura, da wadata da na dizal shaye bugun jini da kuma ga dumama da microwaves. A wasu lokuta, tsaftacewa da dizal barbashi tace an kuma samar da wutar lantarki hita. The na'urar za a iya shigar gaba da tsaftacewa na'urar, amma kafin wannan sanyi ya kamata a yi la'akari da hankali ajiye da aka gyara. aiki dawo da aka kuma gudanar da taimako na na'urori masu auna sigina - musamman, da na'ura amfani da su domin auna matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki.

Yadda za a cire particulate tace?

Duk da yin amfani da zamani tsarkakewa tsarin, tace wannan irin jima ko ba dade fara tsoma baki tare da aiki na engine. Wannan yana bayyana toka suka taru cewa ba cire bayar hanyoyi. The fitarwa daga wadannan yanayi na iya zama dismantling da na'urar. Kuma wannan taron da aka yi a matakai biyu. A farko manual aiki aka yi, a lokacin da dismantled kai tsaye particulate tace. A farashin da hanya dabam daga 7 zuwa 12 dubu. Rub. Af, shigarwa na wani sabon tace an kiyasta a 30-40 dubu. Rub., Saboda haka 'yan kuskure ya kammala sabuntawa da tsaftacewa tsarin. Mataki na biyu kunshi a cire na'urar software ta rewriting da engine iko naúrar.

ƙarshe

muhalli matsayin developers dangane da motoci, ba shakka, damu game da makomar bil'adama da kuma neman to Orient kera a kan shugabanci na mafi m cikin sharuddan tasiri a kan muhalli. A karshe samfurin na daya daga cikin wadannan yankunan da zama particulate tace cewa rage cutarwa tasiri a kan muhalli. A yin haka, masu motoci samu tare da wani sabon shigarwa na da matsaloli da yawa. Isar da shi a ambaci bukatar yau da kullum saka idanu na da tasiri na da tace farfadowa. A hali na kasa kai-tsaftacewa na'urorin mota mai ba shi da wani zabi, amma ka cire block ko maye gurbin shi da wani sabon tace. Amma a lokuta biyu cikin halin kaka zai kasance makawa.