Data kasance Moscow gidajen lama. Convents a Moscow (photo)

Yau a kan ƙasa na Moscow ne 22 aiki Orthodox sufi. Daga cikin su akwai namiji sufi, da kuma mace. Da yawa daga cikinsu ne sananne a ko'ina cikin kasar, da wasu da aka sani kawai zuwa Muscovites. Saboda haka, a yau mun yi gajeren tafiya da zai yi kokarin gaya muku game da wasu daga cikin data kasance sufi.

Pokrovsky sufi

Ba tare da ƙari zamu iya cewa wannan tsoho sufi da aka sani zuwa yanzu fiye da babban birnin kasar. Fame ya samu dangane da gaskiyar cewa a nan da sauran kaya Matrona oxbow. The Orthodox yi imani cewa sun mallaki banmamaki iko.

A 1635, King Michael Theodorovich kafa Pokrovsky sufi a Moscow. A wannan lokacin, da yankin sun shagaltar da zamansu, ya unguwar, inda "zullumi gidan" - da hurumi inda suka binne da rashin gida da matalauta ba kawai daga Moscow amma kuma daga da kewaye.

A sufi tsira kadan bayanai. An sani cewa a lokacin da Rasha-Faransa War (1812), da sufi da aka fatattakakkun. Don mayar da shi ya dauki shekaru bakwai. A Soviet sau, Pokrovsky sufi a Moscow da aka rufe. A site na da hurumi ya da wani wurin shakatawa na al'adu da kuma sauran, wanda har yanzu wanzu a yau. Fiye da shekaru 70 a alfarma gabatarwa na sufi housed da ofishin, dakin motsa jiki, banki, billiard dakin.

A shekarar 1994 sufi Matrona a Moscow (haka sau da yawa ake magana a kai Pokrovsky sufi) samu matsayi na Convent. All iyaka tsarkake sake.

Ganewa Convent a Moscow

Sufi a halin yanzu tsari da aka kafa a 1584, a zamanin mulkin Tsar Fedor Ioanovicha. A Church Mai Ceto Church aka located, wanda shekaru da yawa da aka gida coci na Rimsky-Korsakov.

Har 1924 da coci da aka ba sufi da Ikklesiya. A 1922, da ganewa Convent a Moscow aka washe kuma hallaka. Makõmarsu sani kawai, an mayar da shekarar 1991. Cathedral na Albarka Virgin Mary da aka gina da kuma akwai sabis sake.

Donskoy sufi

A wani m da maƙil babban birnin kasar da wuya a samu shiru wuri inda za mu iya shakata. Active sufi a Moscow - wannan shi ne tsibirin na salama, da natsuwa.

Bayan da m ganuwar da Donskoi sufi ba shiga birni. Ga yake mulki da zaman lafiya da shiru.

History of sufi

Akwai wani labari cewa, a 1591 kusa da sojojin kusata Moscow m Khan Kazi Giray. By umurnin Tsar Fedor Ioanovicha banmamaki icon na Don Uwar Allah da aka kewaye da dukan tsaron gida line. A lokacin da rana ya tashi, Rasha sojoji bayar da umarnin rike a al'ajabi - taro watsi da matsayi da kuma gudu daga garun birnin. A girmama na banmamaki gumaka a 2 shekaru a coci da aka gina da dutse. Saboda haka sufi da aka kafa a nan.

Yawancin lokaci Moscow gidajen lama, photos da ka iya gani a cikin wannan labarin, an gina ta da dama da al'ummomi. A wannan ma'ana, Don makõmarsu ya ba togiya. A XVII karni da gina babban Cathedrals farko na da Princess Sophia, ta harka da aka ci gaba da Bitrus I. sadaka kudi taimako bayar Artamon Boyar Matveev, Bogdan Khitrovo da iyali Stepana Razina. Har ila yau a cikin XVII karni, da aka gina garun a kusa da gidan sufi. Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, sufi da aka soke, amma da gine-gine da aka kiyaye. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a nan a Soviet sau housed da Museum of Architecture.

Babban taron a tarihin sufi, da yawa imani da m samu kaya daga Mafi Tsarki Tikhon - sarki na All Rasha. Shekaru biyu bayan mutuwar (1925), da sufi da aka rufe ta da Bolsheviks. Jita-jita cewa Tikhon ta jiki da aka ƙone a cikin crematorium, a wani version shi aka reburied a Jamus hurumi. The asiri aka warware a watan Fabrairu 1992, shekara guda bayan fara maido aiki a cikin Donskoy sufi. Members na rami gano wani crypt sarki.

A necropolis na sufi binne shahararrun mutane da suka yi taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin kasar - da fari generals Denikin da Kappel, marubuta Shmelev da Solzhenitsyn, kuma Odoyevski Chaadayev Falsafa Ilyin. Yau sufi ne wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar na "aiki sufi a Moscow."

Dubban yawon bude ido da kuma mahajjata a kowace shekara zo wannan wuri mai tsarki. By kafin tsari da za ka iya ziyarta kararrawa hasumiyar da hasumiyar, gidan kayan gargajiya-cell sarki Tikhon, da kallo bene.

Convents a Moscow

Yau a cikin babban birnin kasar da akwai guda takwas aiki convents. Duk da sabis da ake gudanar, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna farin ciki ya dauki mahajjata da kuma yawon bude ido.

Nativity sufi

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi tsoho gidajen lama da ke Moscow. Ya dogara ne mahaifiyar Vladimir da Marasa Tsoro, da Grand Duke da matarsa na Prince of Serpukhov a 1386. Da farko, da sufi da aka a cikin Kremlin. Yanzu da Convent da aka located a Rozhdestvenka, 20.

Novodevichy Convent

Akwai sufi a babban birnin kasar, yadu da aka sani cikin Rasha. Wannan ne mai matukar tsoho gidajen lama da ke Moscow. Mukaddashin (a kan taswira shi ne a fili gani) sufi located ba kawai a cikin cibiyar, amma a ko'ina cikin birnin.

Novodevichy Convent da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau a Moscow. Yana da aka kafa a 1524 a cikin girmamawa ga sama na Grand Duchy na Moscow Rasha birnin Smolensk Prince Vasily III. Babu yarjejeniya game da sunan sufi. A cewar daya daga version, da Abbess da Devochkin sunan. A kan wasu - a shafin na yanzu sufi ne a akwatin inda za ka iya zaɓar kyau 'yan mata da kuma aika su zuwa ga Golden taro. A mafi m version - sufi da aka yi nufi ga 'yan mata, da prefix "sabon" ya bayyana kawai don sabon da kuma riga data kasance convents a Moscow na rarrabe daga juna.

Na dogon lokaci shi shi ne arziki da kuma mafi karfi mazaunin Rasha. A wannan sufi sun mata daga daraja iyalansu. Tonsure a lokacin da suka bayar da su kayan ado - zinariya, lu'u-lu'u, da azurfa, sapphires da lu'ulu'u. By tsakiyar XVII karni shi ne gaba daya kafa wani m gungu a Moscow Baroque style. Towers da aka yi wa ado da openwork kambi. Na biyu mafi girma kararrawa hasumiyar da aka gina Church na ɗauka. A lokacin da dogon tarihi na ga Novodevichy Convent a cikin ganuwar da postoyalitsey, da su za su ƙetare dokin sufi. Inda ake tsare da aka Boyarynya Morozova, Princess Sophia, wanda ke kurkuku a cikin sufi da Bitrus I, wanda aka canjawa wuri nan da Evgeniyu Lopuhinu (jim kadan kafin ta mutuwa) - na farko matar Peter I.

Yana za a iya gani a mu'ujiza cewa sufi da aka jikkata a 1812. Duk da haka, makomar abin da ya same duk Rasha gidajen lama a cikin Soviet lokaci, shi ba za a iya kauce masa. A 1922 ya rufe, ya fara aiki a matsayin tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya a da karkararta.

Duk namiji da mace, lama a Moscow ne tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments. The sansanonin da Hukumar UNESCO jera Novodevichy Convent.

St. Daniel ta sufi

Wannan shi ne na farko a cikin ƙasa na Moscow sufi. Yana da aka gina a 1282 da Prince Daniel - dan almara Aleksandra Nevskogo. Bayan shekaru 11 shi kori kuma Muka halakar da Tatar-mangolawa. Domin da karni biyu, game da shi duba kawai kamar wani kankanin coci da kuma wani hurumi. Girman sufi tsiwirwirinsu kawai a lokacin da Ivana Groznogo. A 1611, da sufi da aka kafa a kan wuta ta domin na arya Dmitry. Yana da aka mayar da, amma a 1812 an sake vandalized da kuma tõne. The m gungu cewa mun gani a yau, da aka kafa a cikin XVII - XIX ƙarni.

A Soviet sau, sufi da aka rufe daya daga cikin na karshe a Moscow. Wannan ya faru a 1930. The hurumi aka hallaka a cikin Novodevichy da Donskoy gidajen lama koma cikin kaburbura na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo shahara Rasha. A kowa sabon abu ga lokaci, alas ...

A data kasance gidajen lama na Moscow, ya koma ga Orthodox Church hankali. St. Daniel ta sufi zama sosai farko. Wannan tarihi ya faru a shekarar 1983. Bayan shekaru biyar a cikin sufi kasance da babban bikin na 1000th tunawa da Baftisma na Rasha. A yau shi ne mazaunin sarki na All Rasha.

Sretensky sufi

Wannan watakila mafi tsoho ai da namiji sufi, located a tsakiyar birnin Moscow.

Dole ne in ce cewa duk data kasance gidajen lama na Moscow a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri, daidai da tarihi na Rasha jihar. Babu togiya da Sretensky sufi.

Yana da aka kafa a 1397 a ƙwaƙwalwar na banmamaki, taron. Shirye ga wani hari a kan Moscow Khan Tamerlane a mafarki na ga Uwar Allah, wanda aka tsananin bukaci cewa invaders zuwa bar iyãkõkin Rasha. Bayan sauraron ra'ayoyi na barorinsa, unbeaten Khan gudu a cikin tsõro daga Rasha ƙasar na gaba safe.

A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da banmamaki kuɓuta daga abokan gaba a kan site na bayyanar da image na Virgin bayan wani lokaci kafa Sretensky sufi.

A karshen shekarar 1925 sufi da aka rufe. A lokacin daga 1928 zuwa 1930 mafi yawan gine-gine da aka lalata. Daga baya dakunan kwanan dalibai NKVD jami'an da aka shirya a nan.

Yau sufi rai da auna rai. The coci da sabis da ake gudanar. Male mawaka na Sretensky sufi ne suka shahara a duniya.