Dako zamani Faransa da kuma yakin duniya na biyu

Bil'adama shi ne m da yanayi. Wannan m gaskiya aka tabbatar da yawa yaƙe-yaƙe yakukuwan da mutane daban-daban domin dalilai. Ko antiutopian halittu Aldous Huxley, Orwell da Bradbury mutum ba zai iya ba tare da tashin hankali ba. A fili, brandishing makamai, wasu 'yan tseren Homo sapiens furta kansu, ba tare da wani al'amari domin abin da dalilin da jihar zo da yaki. The yaki ne mai wuya ba tare da armaments, kuma sakamakonsa ne dogara a kan yadda yawa karfi da kayan aiki na daya daga cikin jam'iyyun da rikici. Alal misali, ta zamani, sojan ruwa sojojin ne m ba tare da musamman fama jirgin: jirgin sama m.

Aircraft m: m jirgin

Wannan ne mai babbar jirgin, ɗauke da kaya jirgin sama: jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu ko. Kuma zai iya zama a kan up to daruruwan aviamashin. Su ne babban mai daukan hankali da karfi da m. A karo na farko da irin wannan surface jirgin ruwa ya bayyana a cikin yakin duniya na farko, amma musamman na farko-haife shi ne cewa su aka tuba daga sauran iri jiragen ruwa. Alal misali, wannan jirgin ya zama wata jirgin ruwa na soja mai suna "Birmingham". Tare da bene karo na farko da jirgin saman ya dauki kashe. Haka ya faru a kan wani gagarumin taron a 1910, da kuma shi alama farkon m-tushen jirgin sama. A farko wannan tasoshin amfani ga bincike, amma daga baya ya gane da muhimmancin da jirgin sama a matsayin wajen bombardment. A alfijir na yi da jirgin sama dako amfani seaplanes, kamar yadda jirage shan kashe iya, a kuma zauna a kan bene - babu. A saboda wannan dalili seaplanes, wanda nasarar komai a fili a kan ruwa. A labarin da ke cewa Faransa jirgin sama dako a yakin duniya na II kasance kaɗan: ya zama daidai, daya ne kawai, kamar yadda a Amurka. The most yawan irin tasoshin a lokacin yana cikin United Kingdom (7 raka'a). Daga bisani, a cikin zane na jirgin sama dako America nasara.

Irin wannan jirgin ruwa ya kasu kashi da wadannan mukamai:

• jirgin sama dako.
• shopping.
• dauke da balloons.
• helikofta dako.
• gidroavianostsy.
• iska.
• karkashin ruwa.

Bugu da kari, a bambanta m, bugu da kuma anti. Bisa ga irin makamashi, akwai al'ada da kuma atomic model.

Main halaye dako

Karfe bawo dako da babba ƙarfi, tun da kauri kai da dama santimita. A tsawon giant jirgin yana da daruruwan mita: amplitude jeri daga 180 zuwa 342. Daftarin jirgin ruwa ya kai 12-mita zurfin. bene nisa ne quite manyan, wanda ya bada jirgin sama dako ba za'a iya mantawaba image. Kasa bene suna located da babbar docks da hangars for jirgin sama tabbatarwa. The kawai tudun a kan bene, wani irin "Tsibirin" ne da umurnin cibiyar, wanda ya hada locating tsarin da eriya. Localize wannan cibiyar ne yawanci a gefen dama.

Flight bene - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da aka gyara na wani jirgin sama m. Su iri uku, daya daga wanda aka ba ana amfani. Flat bene, misali, yana da wani sananne Faransa jirgin sama m "Sharl De Goll". Cikas na da irin wannan aka yi amfani da kwance Take-kashe. Domin wannan dalili, da tururi catapult. Cikas da springboard shigar a kan motocin, hada da jirgin sama da a tsaye Take-kashe. A halayyar alama na wannan bene zama ƙungiya takeoff da kuma saukowa tube.

Flight bene, hada da biyu matakan, aka yi amfani da har 30s na karshe karni. A kan hanci da jirgin sama dako located takeoff bene, kuma a sama - saukowa. Amma tun wannan makirci da aka kawo hadari ga matukan jirgin, shi ya canja, refitting shi, kamar yadda shi ne m, a al'ada jirgin sama dako.

Ban sha'awa abubuwa game da Navy Refayawa

Uninitiated zai zama mai ban sha'awa don gano inda ya samu dako zama tushen iko da gudun. The abu ne cewa, makaman nukiliya ikon shuka, located a kan zamani jiragen ruwa, ciki har da jirgin sama dako na Faransa, samar da Unlimited kewayon motsi, daga jirgi. Bugu da kari, saboda da makaman nukiliya shigarwa da m ne iya taimaka a kalla maimakon a cruising gudun ga makonni.

Har ila yau, wannan al'amari yana da muhimmanci, kamar yadda da jeri na titin jiragen sama. An located a wani kwana na 9⁰. Wannan ba yi da hatsari. Tun da farko, a lokacin da band ya da wani kai tsaye, sau da yawa yana da rikicin jirgin sama a tsaye, waɗanda suka komai a fili mugun. Bayan duk, shi ne quite wuya - don su zauna a cikin lilo da kuma kunkuntar bene. Don kauce wa irin wannan hatsarori da kuma gobara sa da su, da zanen kaya zo da m bayani, game da shi, samar da matukin jirgin da hakkin ya yi kuskure.

Faransa jiragen ruwa

Faransa sojojin ruwa daukan wani abu wuri a duniya. A ta kawar da (321,850 tons), shi ne tsakanin Korea da United Kingdom. Amfani da makamai da wannan iko soja tsarin ne submarines, matsananci-zamani frigates, amphibious, Cruisers, su hallaka, kuma, ba shakka, da almara da jirgin sama m France "Sharl De Goll" hijirar na 37 dubu. Ton. Dalili na saukowa karfi ne jirgin ruwa na soja "Mistral". Jiragen irin wannan akwai uku raka'a.

Amma shi ne a halin yanzu da kasawa da iska cover, kamar yadda Faransa sojan ruwa jirgin sama na da kawai 60 bene na jirgin sama a sabis. A general, Faransa gwamnati ta yi ciki mai tsanani zamanintar da Navy, kamar yadda na yanzu iya aiki ne kasa don kula da duniya ayyukan soji. Ko da yake akwai daga Faransa da kuma wani gagarumin ciniki guntu: makaman nukiliya. Sama da duka, wannan zamani ballistic makamai masu linzami.

Faransa da kuma yakin duniya na II

Faransa, wani yanã kira da majagaba na sojan ruwa jirgin sama. Wannan suka gina seaplanes, yawo jiragen da kuma seaplanes, da kuma battleships da Cruisers sanye take da catapults dauki kashe. Kuma a cikin 20s na karshe karni, Faransa sojan ruwa tsaro sun bayansa da wani sabon memba - da sabunta hanyoyin jirgin sama m jirgin ruwa na soja "Béarn". A da shi da aka shigar titin jiragen sama bene da catapult. Wannan jirgin, ko ba tare da bambanci, ya halarci yakin duniya na II da Jamusanci farkisanci, amma a 1940 ya tafi ka huta. Wannan ya faru bayan da sallama na Faransa Jamhuriyar zuwa Nazi Jamus. Bugu da ari, a 1937, bisa ga shirin kaiwa shirin na Shipbuilding, an yanke shawarar zuwa yi da dama da sabon jiragen ruwa. Amma wannan ba ya zama. A lokacin daga 1939 zuwa 1945, rundunar sojojin na Faransa, musamman na rundunar motoci, batar da yawa na makamai, da kuma nema total dawo. Sa'an nan da yawa jirgin sama dako daga Faransa a lokacin yaki tare da Jamusawa? Daga cikin unrealized da kuma daskararre ayyukan kamar "Joffre", "Clemenceau" jirgin sama m sunk "Kommandan Test", ya tsaya daya soja shugaban na "Bearn".

Aircraft m "Béarn": hoary tarihi

Faransa Vice Admiral Bourget gaskiya dauke da cewa an gaggawa bukatar raya Faransa jirgin sama dako da Navy matsayin tushe. Wannan mutumin ya taba umarci "Béarn", don haka da shawara ne mai muhimmanci da kuma za a ji. A Admiral yi imani da cewa Faransa rundunar dole ba kasa da 6 jirgin sama dako. Gwamnatin procured jirgin sama dako daga baya a wasan da Ingila, da kuma a cikin 50s Faransa shipbuilders tsara jirgin sama m "Clemenceau" da "Foz".

Amma a kan jirgin, jirgin sama m "Béarn", da daraja na musamman ambaci, idan kawai saboda cewa ya halarci yaki tare da Nazis. Aircraft m halarci search na Jamus jirgin "Admiral Graf Spee". Yi da jirgin ruwa ya fara a watan Janairu shekara ta 1914 da kuma kaddamar a kan shi a cikin Afrilu 1920. Jirgin ruwa daftarin wucewa 9 mita da nisa - da m 27. A tsawon kasance 182 m. Number of ƙungiya ya 865 mutane.

Dako Faransa Navy fara da tarihi tare da wannan sulke jirgin ruwa. Ya aka dauke da makamai anti-aircraft da bindigogi, torpedoes, kuma yana da a kan jirgin 40 jirage. Jigilar da aka gina da wani mahalli "Normandy", da jirgin ruwa na soja injin turbin powerplant aka maye gurbinsu. Bayan Faransa capitulation akwai jita-jita, da cewa m kawo Martinique dukan jihar zinariya reserves, amma wannan bayanai da aka ba tabbatar. Bugu da ari, kafin karshen yaki, "Bearn" dauke da jirgin sama daga Canada zuwa ga mahaifarsa. A 1967, Faransa shugaban karni na karshe da aka rushe.

Sharl De Goll ko Richelieu?

Yanzu Faransa jirgin sama dako, ta zamani, da kuma dakunan da kome dole saduwa soja nagartacce. Ã'a, Faransa jirgin sama m ne a halin yanzu da daya kawai: sanannen "Sharl De Goll". Wannan jirgin da aka gina da kuma kaddamar a shekarar 1994. Its aiki fara a 2001. Tare da wani hijirar na 42 dubu. Ton jirgin sama m sa 27 tafiya shafukan. An biyu nukiliya engine, jirgin ruwa shi ne tsayin 261 mita da nisa daga game da 64. A m ne mafi girma a jirgin a Faransa, amma a kwatanta da irin wannan American nukiliya jiragen ruwa shi ne kananan. The ƙungiya daga wajen manyan ma'aikata da kuma 1900 mutane, ciki har da matukan jirgin da kuma shugabannin.

A tarihin wannan jirgin ya fara da cewa gwamnatin yanke shawarar maye gurbin m Faransa jirgin sama m "Foch" da "Clemenceau" to more zamani model. Amma an halitta daya kawai jirgin ruwa da irin wannan jerin, tun bayan da babban kudin da aka ba a yarda su ci gaba da aikin. A jirgin sama m ba kawai inganta, saboda gaza gwajin.

Game da gina jirgin, shi ne sanye take da mafi zamani tsarin: catapults, unsinkable bulkheads, biyu kasa, radar mamaye da kuma boye kayan aiki. Akwai kuma wani ruwa-magudanun ruwa, wuta kariya tsarin. Crew bayar iska-motsa jiki da kuma samun iska tsarin. Tsara dadi barci yankunan, hutu yankunan da cin abinci.

Around sunan wani jirgin sama m a lokacin inflamed da tsanani muhawara: Fransua Mitteran, shugaban kasar Faransa, so don suna da jirgin "Richelieu", kamar yadda ya dauke shi bai dace ba kwarkwasa da wasunsu da Gaullist jam'iyyar. Amma a shekara daga baya, Zhak Shirak har yanzu shawo masa cewa jirgin da aka lakabin sunan sanannen general.

Makamai "Charles"

Nukiliya jirgin isasshen makamashi domin 5 shekaru a guje tare da gudun 25 kullin. Wannan jigilar kaya da aka zamar masa dole ya ikon shuka tare da wani gagarumin karfi cika: 76 dubu horsepower .. A irin wannan karfi da tushe iya lokaci guda sanya har zuwa 100 da jirgin sama. Amma yawanci, da jiragen ruwa ya hada da 40 da jirgin sama, wanda da dama mayakan, hari da jirgin sama, bincike jirgin sama da kuma alaka. Akwai a kan bene, kuma jirage masu saukar ungulu. Har ila yau, da m sanye take da radar da kuma tsarin iska tsaro shigarwa. Saboda haka tambayar, da yawa jirgin sama dako daga Faransa a yanzu zai yiwu a dogara da amsa: daya. Amma akwai 'yan mafi jiragen ruwa, a tsaye kusa a kan wannan matakin yãƙi iya aiki da kuma jimiri.

"Mistral": Faransa wagon

Saukowa jirgin, helikofta m "Mistral" ne daban-daban daga wasu Multi-manufa amfani. Yana iya zama wani asibiti, dasa a kan ƙasar saukowa motorized birged, aiki kamar umurnin cibiyar, bear da kuma kula da fama jirage masu saukar ungulu. A lokacin da tattauna Faransa jirgin sama m "Mistral" ko da yake ba wani jirgin sama m zuwa cikakken, amma kuma wani cancanci wakilin Faransa Navy. An muhimmin amfani a iya ambata a jinkirin da m monitoring sarari, wanda aka advantageously za'ayi jirage masu saukar ungulu. Bugu da kari, cikin jirgin iya sanya saukowa Bartmann-Wulf, tank bataliya kuma har zuwa sojoji 900 a lokaci guda. Amfani da makamai da Faransa Navy yana da uku kama jirgin "Mistral", "Tonnerre" da "Dismyud".

Shin yana yiwuwa a nutse wani jirgin sama m?

Wannan ne mai matukar wuya aiki. Saboda gaskiya cewa irin wannan sverhdorogostoyaschie jiragen ruwa kawo wata babbar adadin makamai, sa'an nan, ba shakka, da m ayyuka na jigilar kaya da aka ba gaba ɗaya gamsar da muhimmanci. Saboda haka, ko da yaushe a kusa da wata babbar jirgin 15 ko fiye da jiragen ruwa, da samar da dogara da kariya a cikin radius daga tazarar kilomita 300. Amma duk da haka a zahiri nutse wani jirgin sama m, ko da yake yana da wuya sosai. A mafi sauki, amma ba sosai tasiri Hanyar - hari. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka neutralize da tsaro jiragen ruwa, sa'an nan kokarin sa jirgin jigilar zuwa kasa, shi zai zama da wuya matuƙa, domin shi ne sanye take da wani babban yawan compartments.

Ba kalla rawa a cikin karbo daga wani jirgin sama m daga mataki na iya taka wani wasan shagala. Alal misali, a lokacin da ƙari, wata tashar jiragen ruwa, iri iri kungiyar dole ne iyo imperceptible ga jirgin ruwa da kuma kafa m fashewar na'urar a da kasa. Babban abu ne don samun tafi kada a gane shi a wannan aiki.

Wata hanya da za a iya torpedoed a kan jirgin shiru submarine. Hakika, wata babbar jirgin sama m ba za su iya zuwa Dodge da torpedoes. Kawai a nan submarine kai harin tare da mai yiwuwa nan da nan halakar da jiragen ruwa kariya.

A mafi tasiri a cikin sinking daga cikin jirgin sama m ba makami mai linzami da kuma makaman nukiya. A fili yake cewa karshen, saboda kamuwa da cuta da ƙasa, da kuma sauran catastrophic sakamakon, ana amfani ne kawai a cikin matsanancin.

jirãge na gaba

Amma jirgin dako da Faransa da kuma sauran manyan kasashen duniya ba su tsaye har yanzu, tsara wani sabon, more zamani da kuma ci-gaba da model. Shan la'akari da kwarewa da past nasarori da kuma kura-kuran da na nan gaba jirgin sama m aikin da aka halitta a karkashin sunan CVNX hijirar na 100 da dubu. Ton. A halittarsa aka yi amfani da "stealth" fasahar, da sabuwar nukiliya makaman, wanda damar na dogon lokaci zuwa tafi ba tare da zirga, kazalika da halin sabon ƙwanso zane. A cewar halittawa kiyasta cewa irin wannan jirgin domin dukan hamsin-shekara lifespan iya wuce miliyan 3 mil da kuma kawo shida da dubu. Day a cikin teku.

Ci gaban da aka hanzari motsi, ciki har da a cikin soja masana'antu. Haikan a cikin latest fasahar, amma zaman lafiya a duniya ba za a iya sayo ga wani kudi.