Clovis - King na Franks: biography, a zamanin mulkin. daular Merovingian

Clovis, Sarki na Franks, ya yi wani mai arziki, m tribal tarihi. Ya kasance mafi shahararren tarihi adadi Merovingian daular - na farko na sarauta daular cewa ya mulki jihar, yanzu da na yanayi Faransa da Belgium. Clovis sunan, ma'ana "m yaki", da kuma kara mutated - Louis ya ƙaunace shi, a zuriyarsu, kuma ya zama mafi mashahuri sunan a Jamus da Rum Turai.

A tarihi tushen da Merovingian daular

Frankish Merovingian daular yana da tushen: to 5th karni, su da kakanninsu suke a Jamus gona, amma daga karshen karni, suka gangarawa madaidaiciya zuwa Gaul, da kuma magance can, daidai kafa wani sabon jihar. Wasu masana tarihi jayayya da cewa wannan jiha da aka kira "Austrasia", tare da mayar da hankali a yankin na zamani Lorraine.

A lokacin da firam na Board Merovingian: 5-13 karni. Golden Age daular zuwa lokaci na tarihi na King Arthur, kuma saboda wannan real tarihi ne a hankali lauye da Merovingian Norse mythology, wanda yake shi ne musamman wuya tarihi analysis.

Direct kafa daular - mers, Clovis ta kakan, wanda ya kawo wa ƙasar Gaul Roman dokoki na Board, da fashion ga wadanda mutane da ilimi da kuma rubuce-rubuce. Dukan zuriyarsa da aka ba da lashe sarakuna. Duk da haka, da suka da aka girmama da mutane, wanda aka gina a cikin wani irin na al'ada bauta. Lokacin da Merab aka kafa post "magajin gari na fada" - a matsayin kama da post na Chancellor. Tun daga nan, duk da wadanada, sarauta Merovingian yi rawar da suka taka a matsayin administrative lokuta canja a kan kafadu na magajin gari na fada.

Alfarma regalia da kuma alamomin da ikon

Rarrabe alama ce da Merovingian overbearing - dogon gashi yanke wanda ya yi daidai da renunciation na iko. Alal misali, Clotilde, matar Clovis, kasancewa a halin da ake ciki na zabi: rabuwar da gashi ko mutuwa kãmamme jikoki, sun amince da zabi na biyu, ba tare da hadaya da iko. Dogon gashi kuma an hade tare da paranormal damar iya yin komai Merovingian, ciki har da kyautar waraka. Kamar Littafi Mai-Tsarki labari na Samson, da Delila mayaudari, yanke gashin kansu nufi rasa iko.

Alfarma alama na daular Qing - zinariya kudan zuma, inlaid da garnets. Bees - mai tsarki alama ta arna dawwama, rai madawwami. Yana da alama na Napoleon baya aro, na yi imani cewa shi zai nuna gaskiyar tarihi gaba da ikonsa.

Mythological labari na kafa na Merovingian daular

Meroveya ma'anar sunan - "mai daraja yaƙi". Grigoriem Turskim bayyana al'ada da cewa Merab aka haife a sakamakon mahaifiyarsa ta jima'i gamuwa da dodon ruwa. Tarihin yana da shi cewa a cikin haihuwar dansa ta uwa ga wani boar bristle a Meroveya a baya. Masana tarihi shirki da wannan labari ne daba na daji boar, ya zama majiɓinci saint na soja harkokin kuma gunkin haihuwa na zamanin d Franks.

A cewar labari, da boar sau daya a shekara ke zuwa bakin Tekun mãsu bãyar da bãya, kuma ya ba da Raya Makon haihuwa da kuma nasara a cikin soja filin. Daga bisani, a Norse mythology shi yiwuwa a kalla karawa boar-daba shugaban.

Mene ne ban sha'awa chroniclers Clovis, Sarkin Franks. Biography na Merovingian da tarihi muhimmancin mulkinsa

Clovis I - sunan da uku Frankish sarakunan Merovingian daular. Abin da masana tarihi sani game da shi?

Clovis, Sarki na Franks, Meroveya jikan, dan Hilderiha na da Bazin, bisa ga labarinsa data, aka haife game da 466 shekara. A shekaru 15, Clovis ya zama sarki a gare karamin sashi salic (watau teku) francs kuma zo Grips tare da fadada daga cikin iyakokin da karkararta.

Bayan nasara da ƙasa Siarpiya Clovis na da Allied sarakuna suka tafi yaki tare da Goths. Ba Dõmin ba mãkirci, babu meanness, babu kisan kai, Clovis barrantar da duk shirye kudu maso yammacin ƙasar. Tuni a cikin 507, ya aka zaune a kan kursiyin na mulkin dukan Faransa asashe. Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa wannan nasara da ya bayar ya yanke shawara a yi masa baftisma, kwanan rana 25th Disamba 498 At baftismar King spodvigla matarsa Clotilde.

A zamanin mulkinsa na Clovis, Sarki na Franks, ya sanya Paris babban birnin kasar na ci da yaki asashe. Kuma ta hanyar bada halittar wani sa na dokokin Frankish, ya kuma bude wani sabon babi a cikin dukan Nordic tarihi.

Clovis mutu a Paris a 511, a barin abin da suke ƙasar ta zama gādonsu da 'ya'ya maza.

Gangamin da Siarpiya. A al'adar tasa Soissons

Ofishin ya dauki sarki Clovis fara aiki bisa ga shirin sauka a hankali kama duk Gallic asashe. Da dabarun da aka kamar haka: domin samun zuwa Gothic da Burgundian ƙasashe zarcewa tidbit na ƙasar bukata biyayya Siarpiya adjoining da coveted ƙasa.

Clovis ba shi da wuyar zuwa kama ƙasar Siarpiya, kuma nan da nan birni a kasar sannu a hankali gabatowa Burgundians duniya. Clovis 'runduna ba ku nĩsanci wani yana nufin wani m riba. A soja kamfen sau da yawa washe majami'u da kuma haikalin.

Yadu da aka sani wadannan hadisin. A sakamakon haka, wani hari a kan coci, da Franks, kuma su Korol Hlodvig zo fadin mai matukar muhimmanci da MUG. Wannan batu ya haka muhimmanci cewa Bishop zahiri roƙi sarki ya mayar da shi zuwa Haikali. Clovis ya m da nema da cewa da'irar da aka tsare a cikin rabo na Ganĩma. All shirkinku sarki aka ba tsayayya da wannan sashe, amma daya daga cikin Franks tsayayya da buga wani MUG da takobi, cikin fushi, ya ce wa sarki, cewa ba zai yi amfani da matsayin su, da kuma samun kofuna da dama a wuce haddi na mataki.

Sarki yi kamar ya gafarta masa wannan zamba, har ma ya koma ga bishop na MUG, amma a shekara daga baya, a kan review da dakarun, da ake zargi da sojan cewa bindigar a wani mummunan yanayin, ya fizge daga cikin hannãyenku daga cikin gatari da kuma jefa shi a ƙasa, kuma a lõkacin da soja lankwasa a kan ta, yankan a rabin kansa ya ragargaje.

Baftisma na Clovis: Antecedents kuma Sakamako

The abubuwan da ake bukata don tallafi na Kristanci, Clovis ya ya aure zuwa wani ibada Katolika Clotilde, Princess of Burgundy. Hau gadon sarautarsa, Clotilde cike take kokarin tilasta wa matarsa don ya auro ta bangaskiya.

Wadannan yunkurin sun kasance m na dogon lokaci. Oddly tabbatar Klotilda Hlodvigu gazawar gumakansa, ya nuna su kama da na al'ada, tausayin, mugun mutane, ya tsaya a kan, kuma ya amsa mata da cewa ya yi ĩmãni da gumakansu, kuma gunkin Kristanci ne implausible, saboda ba ya bayyana kanta kuma ba zai iya yi al'ajiban.

Clovis karfi da tura ta da bangaskiyar Kirista da kuma cewa da farko-haife na Clotilde mutu kai tsaye a baftisma, a cikin font. Clovis a lokacin da aka gamsu da cewa idan yaro da aka bai wa kariya na arna alloli, zai kasance har yanzu da rai.

Duk da haka, da ruwa sa kawar da dutsen, kuma Clotilde sanya kansa. Around 498, da Gallic sarki yana yi musu baftisma. Bisa al'ada da coci, shi ya faru a cikin yaƙin da almandtsami. Lokacin da Clovis aka rasa da yaƙi, ya Kace kira ga gumakansu neman taimako, kuma a lokacin da begen samun ceto yana da kadan Sarki ya tuna da maganar da salla, to Yesu Mai-Ceto, suka ce, da kuma Franks, ya yi nasara rawar daji, lashe almandtsev.

Sarakuna Cross a birnin Reims a 496. Handling na Clovis da nan da nan batutuwa da bangaskiyar Kirista saukar zuwa gare shi damar da aminci da Gallo-Romawa, wanda a yarda wa muhimmanci fadada su Holdings.

The addini manufofin na Merovingian daular

An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, sabon jihar Austrasia ba zama Kirista a mafi gaskiyan ji maganar, ko da bayan baftismar Clovis da ya fi ayarinsa. Duk da dukan} o} arin na gaskiya Kirista Clotilde, ga bangaskiya ta gaske mijinta bai zo ba. Kamar yadda a baya, mutane da aminci amfani da arna kwastan, rituals da kuma Scandinavian pantheon.

Clovis Merovingian daular ba musamman damu game da makomar addinin Krista a ƙasarsa. Bayan baftisma, ya manufofin jama'a ya canza ba, don haka da cewa matsalar na yaduwa daga cikin bangaskiyar Kirista da yake a kan kafadu mishaneri zuwanshi daga wasu sassa na Turai. A cikin kusanci da Paris da kuma Orleans, kazalika da sauran m Merovingian domains, da aiwatar da aiki "tsaya a Katolika bangaskiya" na yankin. Mene ne ban sha'awa, Paparoma, da shugaban cocin Katolika, ba ta yi ciki avstraziyskih dalĩli a kan ƙasar, kuma daga baya wanda ya yi gudummawar da kifar da Merovingian daular a kan karaga.

Wannan sake tabbatar da cewa da tallafi na Kiristanci ga Clovis kamar yadda na Rasha Vladimir Prince, ya zalla siyasa wayo mnogohodovki. Halaye na Clovis, Sarkin Franks, su ne kullum sosai kama da wadanda daga Vladimir, sarkin Kievan Rus 'kuma ya da sauran baftisma da kansu da kuma yi masa baftisma ayarinsa, a kan tushen siyasa da muradi, wato, saboda aminci da Byzantine Empire. Har ila yau, sananne kama yanayin labari bayan baftismar: da Gauls, bayan baftismar Clovis zauna yawanci arna, kuma Kievan Rus bayan Vladimirovskaya baftisma ba dauki farko da bangaskiyar Kirista, ya kuma kasance a arna pantheon.

Gothic yaki

Lokacin da Clovis, Sarkin Franks, ya tuba zuwa ga bangaskiyar Kirista, da zamanin nasara a tafiyad da Gallo-Romawa. Crept kusa da Gothic asashe, Clovis, ya riga ya samu goyon bayan da hakan limaman, da ya fara a cikin 500-shekara yaki da Gundobalda kawun matarsa Clotilde, wanda ya kashe ta iyaye da 'yan'uwa ga kursiyin. A cikin 506 th shekara na nasarar da aka lashe, da kuma nasara zo, a karshe, a cikin Visigoth mulkin. Clovis, bisa ga Grigoriya Turskogo, ne musamman gaji da damuwa da gaskiya cewa Goths zalunta wasu daga Gaul, don haka da cewa yaki Kanmu da su ne ake kira alfarma, wanda aka musamman ta gamshi mafi girma da limaman.

Clovis karshe shirye su buga kusa Poitiers a kan Vuglo. Kashe Alaric, Sarkin Goths, nasara gaba daya m cikin ikonsa da kuma ɗaga sama, sabõda haka, nan da nan da Byzantine Sarkin sarakuna Anastasius m da kuma aika masa wasika a kan ofishin jakadancin domin saka da Clovis ta zama ƙarƙashin matsayi da kuma riƙe mulkin daular, a kan dukkan ƙasashen da ya warware daga Goths.

M dabarun da kashe duk m abokan adawar

Ta yaya za ka bayyana management a Clovis? Bayan wani lafiya Gallic War, sai ya fara tsare su hallaka dukan abokan adawarsa, da Gallic shugabannin. Grabbing ƙasarsu, kuma ya halaka duk a jere, da Sarkin nan da nan ya kusan duk na Gaul.

Kusa da dangi, 'yan'uwa da kuma Rignomera Rihara kashe kansa Clovis. Sarkin Franks, wanda biography yana cike da yawa fiye da "m" fafatawa a gasa m mutuwar, duk da haka, an ba da sauri-zafin: babu kisan ya faru affective abokan adawar halakar da hankali, hikima da kuma invisibly.

A karshen, Clovis kashe waɗannan da suka a lokacin mulkinsa fiye da kowane tsawata masa Harariha, Sarkin ki taimaka a yaki da Syagrius, da kuma dansa, domin su hana kai hare-hare a kan kursiyin ubansa. Just Clovis shiga kuma tare da shugabannin Rhenish Franks: Zigiberta, Mataimakinsa, sai ya kashe hannun nasa dan da alkawarin šauki patricide su goyon baya da kuma sarauta riguna. Lokacin da Hloderik Zigiberta kashe mahaifinsa, da kuma Clovis shiga mulkin, ya sanar da Hloderika m, ya kashe shi da kuma dauki kursiyin kansa.

A hali inda Clovis ya kirawo dukan mutanensa, da kuma zuba fitar da ruhin su, sun yi korafin cewa bai da wani iyali da za su iya ba shi goyon baya. Duk wayo Shirin ya gano ko da ya rage sarki har yanzu bazuwar zumunta da wanda ya so da farin ciki mai yawa kuma ya kashe.

Mulkin Clovis a matsayin sabon mataki na Faransa tarihi

Bayan ƙarshen Gothic yaki, Clovis sanya Paris babban birnin kasar da ƙasashensu da kuma zauna a can. Nan da nan sarki ya umarci yi na Cathedral of St. Bitrus da St. Paul (yanzu da Church of St. Genebiebe). Bayan Clovis 'mutuwa a 511, ya kasance akwai kuma aka binne shi.

A cikin shekara ta 511, kai tsaye a gaban kansa rasuwarsa Clovis qaddamar da farko Frankish Church Cathedral a birnin New Orleans da wani ra'ayi zuwa hanyar mayar da Gallic Church. Ya kuma gudummawar da kafa "Salic gaskiya" - a sa na dokokin francs.

Bayan da sarki mutuwa dukiyarsa aka rarraba hudu da 'ya'ya maza. Clotilde guda canonized, ya koma Tours, kuma sun ciyar da sauran ya kwana a cikin Basilica na St. Martin.

Saboda haka, tarihi na Clovis zauna jaruntakar. Ko da yake wasu daga cikin korau, m lokacin da ya aiki. Nasara sarautar Clovis kaddamar da samuwar wani irin sabunta Roman Empire - jihar, alama ce ta abin da yake amfanar da ƙawance tsakanin jihar da kuma coci, tsakanin boko ikon da ikon ruhaniya na Merovingian Kirista diocese.