Yadda yawa Rasha zinariya? A zinariya reserves na Rasha

Ba asiri da cewa zinariya ne a kowane lokaci da aka dauke a alama ta dũkiya. Domin wannan daraja karfe mutane sata da kuma hana rai. Entire jihohin samun hannu a soja rikice-rikice, don samun dama ga mallaka zinariya.

A halin yanzu, da "m" ma'adinai bai rasa da darajar da aka rayayye amfani da manyan kasashen duniya a matsayin wani tasiri kayan aiki don kare daga kudi fatarar kudi. A wasu kalmomin, wani gagarumin ɓangare na ajiye (inshora) asusu, kamar yadda kafin, shi ne zinariya.

"A ajiye"

Ya kamata a lura da cewa yau statistics nuna cewa a Tsentrabankah kasashe daban-daban, ciki har da asusun IMF ta reserves, "ya ta'allaka ne" a kan 32 dubu ton na "daraja" karfe. Shi ne ma fi na yawan a cikin nau'i na tsabar kudi da kuma kayan ado.

A wannan batun, da yawa daga cikin yan kasar ne sha'awar wannan tambaya na nawa Rasha zinariya.

Abin lura shi ne cewa a farkon karni na XXI ƙarar na zinariya samar a cikin duniya shi ne game da 150 400 ton na "m" karfe.

A shekaru goma daga baya, sama adadi ya karu da dubu 15 da ton.

Game da 20% na duniya "ƙasa" ajiye banki cibiyoyin rike matsayin dukiyar da ajiye da kuma karfafawa kudi.

Stock tsarin yana da game da 1750 ton na "m" na daraja karfe, wanda aka yi nufi da farko don zuba jari da kamfanoni.

Hakika, da 'yan asalin wannan sararin kasa a cikin yanayi na rashin zaman lafiya na kasa kudin zai zama sha'awar sani da yawa a Rasha zinariya.

Amurka matsayi a kan girma na zinariya reserves

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin 30-ies karni na karshe, kasashen da dama, da tsoro na Jamus tsõkana, Amurka sun mika zinariya reserves don ajiya. Don wannan rana, suna a cikin Tarayya Reserve Bank of New York.

A halin yanzu, gwamnatin {asar Amirka hankali na sa ido duk IMF ta kudi gudanar, wanda ba zai iya jefa zinariya ba tare da izini daga majalisar dokoki.

Har kwanan nan, wannan halin da ake ciki dukan shirya. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2011, Venezuela ta qaddamar da matakan da nufin a wata m sama da daraja karfe ne a kasashen waje, wanda shi ne game da 160 ton daraja $ 11 biliyan.

A halin da ake ciki a kasar mu

Amma baya ga tambaya: "Ta yaya da yawa Rasha zinariya" Bayan kadan tarihi digression.

Rasha kafin juyin juya halin

Rasha zinariya ajiye a farkon na XX karni da aka fiye da ban sha'awa. Ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai mutane da yawa shirye ya washe, "watandar" da kuma sayar da dukiya da zinariya asusu na kasar a wannan lokaci na tarihi. Duk da wannan, a 1913 an dauke shi ne mafi girma a cikin duniya. "Yadda mutane da yawa Rasha zinariya da aka sa'an nan?" - da ka tambaye. Akwai game da 600 ton daga cikin daraja karfe, wanda yayi daidai da kusan biliyan 1 da miliyan 700 rubles (a yau musayar kudi - $ 60 biliyan)

Soviet Rasha

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, wani gagarumin wani ɓangare na "Rasha zinariya" ya bayyana a cikin Yammacin kasashen Turai. Kasance a cikin ƙasa da Tarayyar Soviet arziki da aka washe biyu ja da fari.

Lokacin da yakin duniya na ƙare, na Soviet gwamnati ya yi alkawarin isar da oda na 250 ton na zinariya zuwa Jamus a biya su diyya.

A cikin 20s na karshe karni, Tarayyar Soviet m up jami'an da 200 ton na zinariya domin sayan da "tsada" British da Swiss locomotives. A karshen, yayin da Soviet gwamnati "watandar" fiye da 500 ton daga cikin daraja karfe.

By farkon 30-ies karni na karshe, da zinariya reserves da Tarayyar Soviet ba wuce 150 ton.

A lokacin collectivization da hukumomi suna fara tafiyar da zinariya hakar ma'adinai. A sakamakon haka, a farkon 50-ies, kasar mu ta samu daga duniya fiye da 2051 ton na zinariya - wannan adadi wuce zinariya ajiye "sarauta" na Rasha.

Shekarun da suka gabata ya wuce, "zinariya" asusun rage, kuma ta tsakiyar 80 ta shi ya riga girman game da 700 tons.

bayan daidaito

A farkon '90s, a lokacin da "salla sell-kashe" na gwamnati, sakamakon wani zinariya ajiye na kasar matalauta up to 480 tons.

A 1992, da manufofin da "manyan sikelin-sell-kashe," ci gaba Boris Yeltsin, da kuma girma na zinariya reserves rage zuwa 290 tons.

A farkon karni na XXI

A farkon sabuwar Millennium, fiye da jami'an fara mayar da hankali a kan hanyoyin da hakar zinariya, don haka da cewa ta samar da aka kara.

Kamar shekaru goma da kasar mu ta kasance iya latsa Japan ya dauki takwas wuri ranking na jihohi da most adibas na "daraja karfe". Kana so ka san yadda da yawa ton na zinariya a Rasha , akwai a 2010? Game da 800. A farkon shekarar 2011, shugaban babban bankin ya ce abin da kudi da tsarin yi niyyar kara da rabo daga cikin daraja karfe a cikin zinariya reserves, a kowace shekara samun fiye da 100 ton na ingots.

Ba duk da bayanai game da yadda da yawa zinariya reserves a Rasha, gudanar ya ajiye ta 2011. Na gudanar da isa alamar 871,1 tons. Cikin shugabannin wadannan mukamai a yau ne irin wannan kasashen China, India, Jamus. Production na zinariya hakar ma'adinai ya karu a Kazakhstan da Belarus.

yau

Hakika, mutane da yawa su ne da farko sha'awar wannan tambaya na yadda zinariya da yawa yanzu a Rasha. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa, a lokacin shekaru biyar da kasar mu ya kara girma na zinariya reserves a kalla a cikin rabin.

Kuma duk da haka, da yawa zinariya da aka mined a Rasha yanzu? Idan muka yi la'akari a 2014, da 272 ton na zinariya aka mined domin ta zamani. Kamar yadda yi nuna a 'yan shekarun nan, an talakawan na watanni 12 a cikin kasar da aka samar daga 200 zuwa 300 ton na daraja karfe. Wannan nawa aikin hakar zinari Rasha a shekara. Yarda, wannan shi ne mai yawa. Idan muka magana game da yau, kasar ta game da 1200 ton na zinariya.

Wanda ya fitar da baitulmalin kasar mu

Dabarun yankuna na samarwa a kasar, da daraja karfe ne: Jamhuriyar Bashkortostan, Magadan da kuma Irkutsk Labaran, da Krasnoyarsk Territory, da Khabarovsk Abuja. Babban kamfanoni a wannan yanki za a iya daukan na "Arewa Urals Gold", Sam, kuma CJSC "Magadan Azurfa", JSC "Seligdar", LLC "Neryungri ƙarfe", JSC "Mine Aprelkovo".

Ina dũkiya da aka adana

Game da 70% na zinariya asusu na Rasha da aka mayar da hankali a babban birnin, wato gabatarwa na Central Bank of Rasha store. Babban taska da aka adana a bullion, wanda fadada a 6100 ducts. Weight misali ingot Averages daga 10 zuwa 14 kilo. Mass girma ingot dabam daga 100 zuwa 1000 grams.

A halin yanzu, da zinariya reserves na kasar ne wani ɓangare daga cikin karfafawa asusu, wanda zai tabbatar da kare Russia a taron na tattalin arziki tunkaro.

Ko ta wani hanya, amma a yau kowane dan kasa na kasar mu iya ƙirƙirar your own zinariya reserves, bude da karfe ajiya ko sayen bullion a cikin banki "m" ma'adinai.