Mene ne darajar da vector da scalar abin? Just game da hadaddun

kalmomi biyu ne tsoratarwa makaranta - vector da scalar - su ne ainihin ba m. Idan ka zo ga batun tare da amfani, duk iya fahimta. Wannan talifin zai dubi abin da darajar ne a vector, da kuma wasu scalar. More daidai, da ba misalai. Kowane dalibi dole ne sun biya da hankali, da cewa a cikin kimiyyar lissafi, wasu dabi'u suna alama ba kawai wata alama ce, amma kibiya daga saman. Shin me suke nufi? Wannan za a tattauna a kasa. Mu yi kokarin gane bambanci tsakanin wani vector yawa na wani scalar.

Misalan vectors. Suna gano

Abin da ake nufi da vector? Abin da characterizes motsi. Ba kome, a sarari ko a kan wani jirgin saman. Mene ne darajar da vector a duk? Alal misali, wani jirgin saman da aka tashi a wani gudun a wani tsawo, yana da wani takamaiman nauyi, fara motsi daga filin jirgin sama tare da zama dole hanzari. Wannan yana nufin da motsi na da jirgin sama? Me ya sa shi tashi? Hakika, cikin hanzari gudun. Vector yawa na kimiyyar lissafi ba shakka shi ne mai kyau misali. Don sa shi bluntly, a vector yawa hade da motsi, da motsi.

Ruwa, kuma, aka motsi a wani gudun daga dutsen Heights. Za ka gani? A motsi da za'ayi saboda babu girma ko taro, wato gudun. Tennis ya sa ya yiwu don matsawa da ball amfani da raban. Yana buga cikin hanzari. Af, a cikin wannan yanayin, da aiyuka karfi ne kuma a vector yawa. Domin shi ne samu saboda da saiti gudu da kuma accelerations. Ikon iya bambanta, gudanar da wani takamaiman ayyuka. The Wind Wannan Shakes da ganye a kan itatuwa, ma, za a iya gani a matsayin wani misali. Tun da akwai gudun.

Tabbatacce kuma korau dabi'u

A vector yawa ne a yawa da cewa yana da shugabanci a cikin sarari da kuma koyaushe. Sake akwai wani tsoratarwa kalma, wannan lokaci naúrar. Tunanin cewa ka bukatar warware wuyar warwarewa, wanda za a gyarawa da wani mummunan darajar cikin hanzari. A yanayi, korau dabi'u, shi zai ze, ba ya wanzu. Kamar yadda gudun iya zama mummunan?

A vector ne irin wannan abu. Wannan ya shafi, misali, sojojin da ake amfani da su jiki, amma suna da daban-daban kwatance. Ku tuna da na uku dokar Newton, inda mataki ne daidai counteraction. A mutane ja da igiya. Daya tawagar a blue shirts, na biyu - a rawaya. A karshen ne suka fi karfi. Yi tsammani cewa vector na karfi ne directed gaskiya ma. A daidai wannan lokaci, na farko shi ne ba zai yiwu ba a cire igiya, amma kokarin. Akwai wani sabani da karfi.

Vector ko wani scalar yawa?

Bari mu magana game da bambanci tsakanin wani vector yawa na wani scalar. Abin da siga ba shi da wani shugabanci, amma yana da ma'anoni daban-daban? Ga wasu scalar dabi'u a kasa:

• lokaci (na biyu, minti, rana, shekara);
• taro (gram, kilogram, ton).
• tsawon na nesa (santimita mita kilometer).
• yankin da kuma girma (cubic mita da kuma square).
• Zafin jiki (digiri Celsius, Fahrenheit).
• radiation kashi, radiation (mashaya, X-ray).
• amo, vibration (decibels).

Shin, ba su yi duk da shugabanci? No. Mene ne darajar da vector da scalar wanda za a iya nuna ne kawai misali misalai. A kimiyyar lissafi, akwai Concepts ba kawai a cikin "makanikai, kuzarin kawo cikas da kuma kinematics", kazalika a cikin sashe "Wutar Lantarki kuma Magnetism". Lorentz karfi, shigar da, Magnetic filin - duk wannan a matsayin vector yawa.

Vector da scalar a dabarbari

A litattafai akan kimiyyar lissafi m dabara a cikinsa akwai kibiya a saman. Ka tuna Newton ta biyu doka. A ƙarfi ( "F" da kibiya a sama) ne daidai da taro na samfurin ( "m") da kuma hanzari ( "a" tare da kibiya a kan saman). Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, karfi da kuma hanzari ne vector yawa, amma nauyi - scalar.

Abin baƙin ciki, ba duk wallafe da nadi na wadannan canji. Kila, wannan da aka yi don sauƙaƙe cewa dalibai ne ba m. Shi ne mafi kyau saya da littattafai da nassoshi, wanda alama da vectors a dabarbari.

To, mẽne ne da tamanin da vector zai nuna hoto. An shawarar kula da hotuna da kuma zane-zanen dake kimiyyar lissafi azuzuwan. Vector yawa da shugabanci. Inda shi directed karfi na nauyi? Hakika, saukar. Saboda haka, kibiya da aka nuna su a cikin shugabanci.

The fasaha kolejoji suna karatu kimiyyar lissafi a cikin zurfin. A da yawa tarbiyya malamai magana game da abin da dabi'u ne scalar da vector. Irin wannan ilmi ake bukata a cikin yankunan: yi, kai, kimiyya.