"Bora" - jirgin da makami mai linzami hovercraft: description, bayani dalla-dalla da kuma sake dubawa

Zama RKVP "Bora" wani dogon lokaci ba nema, shi da aka kewaye da wani shãmaki daga total halin asiri. Kamar yadda, duk da haka, da yawa Rasha soja wurare. "Bora" - da jirgin, wanda kawai ba su da analogues a duniya. Haske, sirri, gudun shi ne don haka high cewa shi ba zai iya kama up kuma ko da abin da ya ƙunsa torpedoes makamai masu linzami. The Black Sea jiragen ruwa ya sha nanata gudanar rukunan, inda da ƙungiya RKVP copes da ayyuka, manyan wata nasara yaƙi da jiragen ruwa na abunda aka kwaikwaya, maƙiyi.

A ra'ayin a kan kafa jirgin

A farko da tunani na samar da irin wannan jirgin taso a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, a lokacin da a 1942 da Jamus kutsa cikin Caucasus. A Moscow, a majalisa tattauna daftarin roka constructor Chelomeya. Tsari - kafa harsashi torpedo jiragen kai farmaki shigarwa na manyan abokan gaba hari. Duk sun amince da cewa aiki ne da gaske alamar, amma dan lokaci dakatarda.

Kawai bayan da yaki a kan Stalin ta umarni VMKB "Diamond" da aka halitta a shekarar 1949. Staff tuhuma da bunkasa ayyukan jiragen ruwa a kan wani iska matashi, shi ne mai asiri, gaba daya sabon topic. Manufar ya haifar da wani nafani da makami mai linzami jiragen. Brainchild na wannan aikin a nan gaba da kuma zama "Bora" - hovercraft.

Rawar da ofishin "Almaz"

Saboda haka, a cikin Birnin Leningrad, Design ofishin "Almaz" ya fara bayyana ra'ayoyin - saka roka launchers a kananan speedboats. A cikin duniya da Rasha bidi'a ya mayar da martani kange m. Amma shida Day War a 1967 juya kamannuna, bayan Masar jirgin ruwan (Tarayyar Soviet samarwa) da guda makami mai linzami Salvo aika zuwa kasa na da Isra'ila hallakarwa. A sabon zamanin a cikin Navy. A cikin 70s injiniyoyi CB "Diamond" a karkashin jagorancin V. I. Koroleva fara sa a gaba ideas a kan halittar haske jirgin, catamarans, hovercraft. Wannan ya karu da gudun motsi, sirri, invincibility. Da kalubale - bayyanar, da tasiri da kuma guda m bacewar. Kamar wancan ne aka haife da kananan jirgin "Bora" hovercraft.

A farko gwaje-gwaje

A karo na farko RKVP "Bora" da aka kaddamar a 1988, amma da wuya siyasa da tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki ba da damar su gwada nan da nan. The jirgin "Bora" na farko ya nuna su nasarorin a shekarar 1991. A fannin Snake Island, cewa Black Sea, na farko wuta, da suka sa a tsanani dama a waje tattara bayanan sirri. Wannan a cikin jiragen ruwa ya taba saduwa. New Rasha soja jirgin, tafiya a gudun 40 kullin, yayin da yake samara da makami mai linzami gabatar da. Makami mai linzami Salvo shirya kawai 30 seconds. A lokacin farko gwajin makamai masu linzami da hudu "Sauro" da aka rubuta a kashe gaba daya hallaka wani sintiri jirgin ruwan. Babu shakka, wadannan Shots iya halaka ko mafi girma a jiragen ruwa, ciki har da jirgin sama dako.

Kananan jirgin "Bora" zama da aka sani da suna "Sea hallakarwa" saboda ya aiki ya zuwa decapitate rundunar motoci, watau sa a yankunan da duka da babban jirgin ruwan da makiya rundujar soja masu dawaki. Sa'an nan, a wata mafi girma gudun fiye da kowane marine jirgin ruwa, boye daga view.

A shekarar 1991, Black Sea jiragen ruwa yana ta farko hovercraft - wannan shi ne "Bora".

Features na jirgin

The jirgin yana da wani hijirar na 1050 tons. "Bora" yana da irin wannan girma: jimlar fadin - 17,2 m, tsawon - 65,6 m Daftarin jirgin ruwa - 3.3 m, a lokacin da supercharger da aka kara wa 1 m iyakar gudu ne 55 kullin ... maimaitawa nesa a gudun 12 kullin - 2500 mil a 45 kullin - 800 miles. A ikon shuka ya hada da: 2 GTU M10-1 damar 36 dubu horsepower, biyu dizal M-511A damar 20 dubu horsepower dizal engine da biyu M-504 damar 6.6 dubu horsepower .... Tara makamai hada da shirin mai gabatarwa RCC "Sauro" - 8 3M80 makamai masu linzami, roka 20 PU Sam "Osa-M", AK-176 - 76 mm manyan bindigogi tsarin, AK-630 - 30 mm manyan bindigogi tsarin. Kananan roka jirgin "Bora" kula da ma'aikatan mutane 68.

Mal kuma cire

Biyu kunkuntar gidaje (tsawon - 64 m, nisa - 18 m) ya rufe dandali. A gaban inji shi ne m allo. Ko da kalaman tsawo ya kai mita biyu, mai iko engine na 60 horsepower, kyale gudu daga sama zuwa 55 kullin. Idan tsawo daga 3.5 mita kalaman gudun aka samu a 40 kullin. Tattali ci gaba da bayar da biyu dizal. High gudun damar da jirgin ya kauce wa kama abin da ya ƙunsa makamai masu linzami, da kuma kubuce torpedoes.

A lokacin da samar RKVP ara riga sami kwarewa ofisoshin da Shipbuilding masana'antu a yi saukowa craft type "Bison", "Adelia".

Menene musamman game da RKVP? "Bora" - wani jirgin, ciwon hydrodynamic dandali da cewa za a iya samun sauƙin sāke. Propulsion shuka yana 36 amfani lokuta. "Bora" - wannan Catamaran, wanda shirya gudun har zuwa 20 kullin, kuma a lokaci guda a cikin jirgi, m wajen samar da wata hanya na fiye da 50 kullin. RKVP yana da fadi da kewayon motsi a cikin gaggawa, da kuma a cikin wani al'ada jihar. A lokacin da shekaru na aiki babu hali to jirgin zo a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa a ja. Haka kuma, shi ne iya tafiya ko da da propellers kashe saboda engine-iska blowers a ranar da iska matashi.

RCC "Sauro"

A hukumar "Bora" (jirgin) shi ne mafi m shigarwa RCC "Sauro." Game da su daki-daki. A tasiri ƙarfi daga wadannan makamai masu linzami a hade iya lalata tsakiyar aji kuma ko da jiragen ruwa Cruisers. Nakiyoyi 3M80 "Sauro" yana da wani taro na 150 kilo. An fara zangon - daga 10 zuwa 90 kilomita. An fara roka harbe har, yin Uphill, sa'an nan ta sauka zuwa tsawo na 20 m, a kusanta zuwa ga manufa ne 7 m sama da taguwar ruwa da kuma bumps cikin ƙwanso. Polubroneboynaya bangare kuma, wata babbar sanadin motsi makamashi da damar su shiga wani cikas. A m fashewa auku a ciki. Ko da abokin gaba yana amfani da wani jamming tsarin, wani hade kula da tsarin cinma high daidaituwa kudi zuwa 99%.

"Bora" a cikin Turkish tashar jiragen ruwa na Sinop

A shekarar 2013, a cikin Turkey, a cikin kunnawa CHVMG "BLACKSEAFOR", ya wakilta da Rasha Federation "Bora" - wani roka jirgin a kan wani iska matashi. Warshy Romania, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ukraine halarci sittin darussan da kuma drills. Na mayar da hankali a kan abin da kake yi? Tafakkuri kungiyoyin na iska hare-hare, wayoyi domin trawls, gani hari kananan hari, kungiyar na sadarwa, hadin gwiwa maneuvering, motsi iko da m jirgin, bincika da kuma ceto a tekun shafa.

The ƙungiya daga jirgin "Bora" nuna su mafi kyau gefe. All ayyuka a karkashin umurnin Captain 2nd Rank Trankovskogo za'ayi smoothly, a fili shirya hanya - wannan yana tabbatar da admiring comments na dukan waɗanda suke kallo da bada.

A cikin "Artek"

Goyi bayan Black Sea rundunar matuƙan hadisai, cibiyoyin tun Soviet zamanin. Lokacin da ƙarshen miƙa zuwa International Center "Artek" isa "Bora" - da jirgin, wanda ya zama girman kai na mu jiragen ruwa. Bayan yin fama manufa RKVP "Bora" tsayu da hari a cikin yara cibiyar.

A kan jirgin cikin jirgin haura daruruwan yara, musamman Tours da aka gudanar a gare su. Idan sani ne ƙwarai, m, musamman ga wadanda suka yi sauke karatu daga yara sojan ruwa jiragen ruwa a "Artek". Ga kuma bukukuwan saki na dalibai.

Duk da yara suka yi murna tare da taron da kuma bar su tabbatacce feedback bayan ziyarar da jirgin.

Traditional bonfire, da karshe canji a cikin International "Artek" sansanin da aka lit da wuta dauka daga cikin kwantena, deflated daga jirgin "Bora".

"Bora" da "Sandstorm"

Magana game da jirgin "Bora" hovercraft, ba a ma maganar game da 'yan'uwansa mutum. Yana RKVP "Sandstorm". Stories suna kama. "Sandstorm," kadan ƙaramin. "Bora" da "Sandstorm" - jiragen ruwa da irin na zuwa aji na makami mai linzami hovercraft.

A farko da aka aza a kan jirgin "Bora" a Zelenodolsk kusa Kazan a 1984 a cikin masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa "Red Metallist". Ruwa da aka kaddamar a shekarar 1987, kuma a shekarar 1991 - kunshe a cikin Black Sea jiragen ruwa.

"Sandstorm" yana da wani arziki tarihi na motsi. RKVP aka kafa a 1991, ta saukar da ruwa a shekarar 1992. Inland waterway aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Black Sea. A 1992 - in Kerch, a 1993 - a Sevastopol. Domin fasaha dalilai, a cikin wannan shekara shi aka sake firam a Zelenodolsk ga manufacturer. A cikin watan Satumba 1994, ya tafi zuwa ga Baltic. Akwai tun 1996 aka gwada a Baltiysk. Hukumance, da Baltic jiragen ruwa da aka gabatar a shekarar 2000. A 2002 kadai RKVP "Sandstorm" da aka ƙaura Black Sea jiragen ruwa. Ya shiga cikin 41st makami mai linzami jirgin ruwan birged Black jiragen ruwa.

Guys waɗanda suke ɗauke da sabis a kan wadannan warships, dogon tuna da shekaru ciyar a cikin Navy, da barin godiya reviews. Wani ya ce da cewa sabis da aka kawo da za zafin hali, da sauran har abada tuna da atisayen sojin. Kuma, ba shakka, kowa da kowa yana magana da zafi game da cohesion a cikin tawagar, abota da kuma comradely goyon baya. Shi ne a kan wadannan warships kunno kai fraternity.

Inda ya yi da sunan "Bora" da "Sandstorm"

Domin Soviet rundunar sunaye kamar "Bora" da "Sandstorm", da farko duba alama m, kuma m. Bayan duk, mafi yawansu ba su a cikin waɗannan kwanaki duk muhimmanci abubuwa kira sunayen da wani jaruntakar mutane ko gagarumin events a cikin girmamawa na jam'iyyar kwaminis congresses, tarurruka, taro Komsomol.

Amma a nan shi ne ainihin wannan layin motoci da aka bayar da irin wannan sabon abu sunayen. Back a cikin 30s na karshe karni, ya fara bayyana a kan jiragen ruwan yaki, sintiri (a gaskiya, su hallaka), wanda ya sa iskar sunaye kamar "The Hurricane." Matuƙan kira shi nan "inclement weather division." The mãsu mayẽwa a cikin wannan jeri fara MRK "The hadari", "flurry", "Storm" aikin Tun 1234 da kuma ci gaba da al'adar makami mai linzami hovercraft Project 1239 Designer Korolev samarwa kiran su sunayen kwatsam iskokin halaka. "Bora" - Black teku squally iska ya fito daga arewa. Musamman capricious "Novorossiyskaya boron". "Sandstorm" - da Larabci sunan zafi Afirka iska cewa, kawo karfi sandstorms, fadowa barci kome a cikin hanyar. Saboda haka, biyu Rasha jirgin mai suna girmama na tsananin iska, da wannan gudun yanke teku ruwa, cire cikas.

Milestones

Duk da matasa, da roka jirgin "Bora" a lokacin ta zama ba, ya yi fiye da dari manyan bindigogi da kuma makami mai linzami harbe-harben. Akai-akai ayyana mafi kyau RKVP a connection, lashe kyaututtuka daban-daban a cikin kowane irin horo. Ya zaune har zuwa ta sunan, kamar yadda "Bora" - wani iko da tãshin hankali cewa ya zo da shi updated.

• A cikin watan Yuni 2002, mun gudanar da yawa daidaituwa a matakin kasa tsakanin Ukraine da Rasha, bayan da makami mai linzami hovercraft, mai suna bayan iska "Bora" da "Sandstorm", da aka a haɗe zuwa wani birged na surface jirãge na Rasha Black Sea jiragen ruwa
• Nuwamba 2006. "Bora" jirgin model aka nuna a show a Jakarta Indodefence nuni.
• 2008. Zama na yanzu gyara.
• Maris 2009. Yi aiki abubuwa shakka aiki K-2.
• Mayu 2013. A ziyararsa ta farko zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa a Istanbul. Saka hannu cikin nuni IDEF-2013.
• Watan Agusta 2013. Nasara hannu a cikin kunnawa da motsa jiki na Black Sea VMG "BLACKSEAFOR".
• 2015. Saka hannu cikin gwarzo-gari na Sevastopol sojan ruwa farati, a Rãnar da Navy.
• Summer 2015. Yanzu gyare-gyare na jirgin gudanar sosai samu nasarar.
• Summer 2016. RKVP "Sandstorm" samu wani farati a Sevastopol a Rãnar da Navy halarci.