Birtaniya jirgin ruwa na soja "Dreadnought"

Type jiragen ruwa Dreadnought kasance wani ɓangare na wani makamai tseren daga cikin manyan kasashe na duniya a kan Hauwa'u na yakin duniya na farko. Wadannan battleships nemi don ƙirƙirar manyan Maritime jihohi. Da farko shi ne United Kingdom, wanda ya kasance kullum domin ta shahara jiragen ruwa. Ba zauna ba tare da dreadnoughts da Rasha Empire, wanda, duk da m matsaloli, ya gudanar ya gina hudu daga nasu sararin.

Menene Dreadnought aji jiragen ruwa, abin da yake rawar da suka taka a duniya yaƙe-yaƙe, abin da ya faru da su daga baya a kan, za a sani daga cikin labarin.

rarrabuwa

Idan ka bincika kafofin alaka da batun kafin mu, ba za mu iya yi wani ban sha'awa ƙarshe. Sai dai itace cewa akwai nau'i biyu daga dreadnoughts:

1. Maritime jirgin "Dreadnought", wanda ya ba da sunan da wani dukan ajin na battleships.
2. Space Santa Fe, wanda aka ambata a cikin kamfani "Star Wars."

Bugu da ari, wadannan jiragen ruwa da za a tattauna a daki-daki.

aji dreadnought

Jiragen wannan aji bayyana a cikin farkon karni na ashirin. Su halayyar alama ne uniform manyan bindigogi da makaman ne kawai manyan-zamo (305 mm). The sunan manyan bindigogi soja kotu samu bayan da farko wakilin wannan aji. Suka zama jirgin ruwan "Dreadnought". Sunan fassara zuwa Turanci kamar yadda "m". Shi ne tare da wannan sunan hade battleships na farko kwata karni na ashirin da.

A farko na "intrepid"

A juyin juya halin a sojan ruwa jirgin zahiri jajirce "Dreadnought". Wannan Birtaniya jirgin ruwa na soja ne progenitor na wani sabon aji na battleships.

A yi na jirgin ruwa na soja da aka haka gagarumin taron a duniya Shipbuilding, bayan ya bayyanar a cikin 1906 sojan ruwa iko ya fara aiwatar da irin wannan ayyukan a gida. Mene ne sananne "Dreadnought"? The jirgin, wani photo na wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin, an halitta shekaru goma kafin yakin duniya na farko. A "sverhdrednouty" da aka halicce ta zuwa saman. Saboda haka, a irin wannan babbar fadace-fadace kamar Jutland, da jirgin ruwa na soja ba su ma yi part.

Duk da haka, da yaƙi a cimma shi har yanzu ya kasance. The jirgin rammed da Jamusanci submarine, wanda ya karkashin umurnin Otto Weddigen. A farkon yakin da submarine gudanar ya nutse wata rana uku Birtaniya Cruisers.

A ƙarshe daga cikin yaki jirgin "Dreadnought" da aka tarwatsa da kuma yanke zuwa karfe.

sararin

A almara duniya na "Star Wars" shi ne kuma mai "Dreadnought". A kumbon sama jannati da aka tsara a cikin kwanaki na Old Jamhuriyar Corporation "Starships Rendili". Santa Fe na irin wannan ya kasance m da talauci da kariyar makamai. Duk da haka, wadannan inji na dogon lokaci aiki a matsayin mutane da yawa kungiyoyi da gwamnatoci.

Weapon tsarin kumbon sama jannati kunshi wadannan kida:

• ashirin da hudu Laser, positioned a gaban, hagu da dama.
• goma Laser, wanda aka located a kan hagu da kuma dama.
• goma batura, positioned a gaban kuma a tsananin.

Domin hazaƙar aiki jirgin ruwa na soja a bukatar ma'aikatan babu kasa da dubu goma sha shida mutane. Sun mamaye duk sarari sararin. A cikin kwanaki na Galactic Empire, da irin wannan jirgin ruwa da aka yi amfani da matsayin sintiri m Empire tsarin, kazalika da wani rakiya zuwa kaya jiragen ruwa.

'Yan tawayen Alliance kusata daban da yin amfani da irin wannan Cruisers. Bayan da hira da suka kasance sunã kira hari frigates, wanda yana da mafi yawan bindigogi kasance mafi maneuverable da ake bukata a tawagar kunshi kawai biyar dubu mutane. Irin wannan gyare-gyare da bukatar wani gagarumin adadin lokaci da kuma kudi, don haka da hari frigates ya ba yawa. Bi ta koma cikin real duniya.

"Drednoutnaya zazzabi"

Yi a Ingila na sabon jirgin ruwa na soja da aka hade da farkon na wani makamai tseren kafin yakin duniya na farko, don haka duniya ta manyan kasashe su ma sun fara zana da kuma gina irin wannan fama raka'a. A mafi cewa data kasance a lokacin battleships rasa su duk da muhimmancin a cikin yaƙin, wanda ya samu halartar da jirgin ruwa na soja "Dreadnought".

Yana fara da kishi tsakanin Maritime iko a gina wadannan jiragen ruwa, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin "drednoutnaya zazzabi." Magabaci a cikin shi kiyaye Ingila da kuma Jamus. The UK ya kullum nemi shugabanci a cikin ruwa, don haka ta halitta sau biyu kamar yadda jiragen ruwa da yawa fiye da Albion. Jamus nemi cim tare da baka-kishiya kuma ya fara kara yawan rundunar motoci. Wannan ya kai ga cewa duk Turai Maritime jihohin da aka tilasta fara gina battleships. Domin su ya muhimmanci don kula da tasiri a kan duniya mataki.

A musamman yanayi sun Amurka. A jihar da babu bayyane barazana daga sauran al'ummai, saboda haka yana da lokaci domin ya kiyaye da iya amfani da kwarewa da zane na dreadnoughts zuwa iyakar.

Zayyana dreadnoughts da ta matsaloli. Cif daga gare su, ya da jeri na babban hasumiyoyin manyan bindigogi zamo. Kowacce jiha na da magance batun a kansu hanya.

"Drednoutnaya zazzabi" ya kai ga cewa a farkon na farko World English rundunar motoci da arba'in da biyu battleships, da kuma Jamus - ashirin da shida. A lokaci guda Ingila jiragen ruwa da bindigogi fi girma zamo, amma ba kamar yadda ironclad kamar yadda dreadnoughts Jamus. Wasu ƙasashe sun yawa muni fiye da ta babban fafatawa a gasa, a cikin yawan kayayyakin da irin wannan.

Dreadnoughts a Rasha

Don kula da ta matsayi a kan teku domin gina battleships na Dreadnought (aji, daga jirgi) ya fara da Rasha. Ganin halin da ake ciki a kasar, da daular ƙunci karshe ƙarfi ne, kuma ya iya ya halicci duka na hudu battleships.

Luka Rasha Empire:

• "Sevastopol".
• "Grangut".
• "Petropavlovsk".
• "Poltava".

Na farko daga cikin wannan irin tsari na jiragen ruwa, ƙaddamar, ya "Sevastopol". Ya labarin kamata a yi la'akari a cikin mafi daki-daki.

The jirgin "Sevastopol"

Domin Black Sea rundunar jirgin ruwa na soja "Sevastopol" da aka kafa a 1909, watau shekaru da dama bayan ta Burtaniya samfur - sanannen jirgin "Dreadnought". The jirgin "Sevastopol" an halitta a cikin Baltic masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a cikin shekaru biyu. A tsarin ya ya iya fara ko da daga baya - kawai domin hunturu na shekarar 1914.

Rasha jirgin ruwa na soja Kingibe a farko World, tushen a Gelsinforse (Finland). Bayan rattaba hannu da Brest da zaman lafiya , ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Kronstadt. A cikin yakin basasa da aka yi amfani a cikin tsaro na Petrograd.

A 1921, da ƙungiya goyon bayan Kronstadt tawaye, da harbe-harben kan mabiya Soviet iko. Bayan da danniya tawaye ƙungiya aka kusan gaba daya maye gurbinsu.

A interwar lokaci, da jirgin ruwa na soja da aka sake masa suna "Paris ƙungiya" da kuma hawa zuwa Black Sea, da sanya shi cikin flagship na Black Sea jiragen ruwa.

A lokacin duniya na biyu Dreadnought halarci wajen kare Sevastopol a 1941. A shekara daga baya, Gunners lura da wani canji a gun ganga, nuna lalacewa daga "Paris ƙungiya". Kafin da kwato yankin na Tarayyar Soviet, da jirgin ruwa na soja ya tsaya a Poti, inda ya gyara. A 1943 ya koma zuwa ainihin sunan, da kuma a shekara daga baya "Sevastopol" shiga Crimean hari, 'yanci ta sa'an nan.

Bayan da yaki, da jirgin ya fara da za a yi amfani da ilimi dalilai, yayin da a cikin marigayi hamsin na karni na ashirin da aka ba dismantled ga ya da.

Fitowan sverhdrednoutov

Shekaru biyar bayan halittarsa, da jirgin irin dreadnought da mabiyansa sun zama wanda aka rabu amfani. Su aka maye gurbinsu da ake kira sverhdrednouty wanda ya igwa zamo kamar 343 mm. Daga baya, wannan siga da aka karu zuwa 381 mm, da kuma bayan kai 406 millimeters. A karo na farko da irin bincike da Birtaniya jirgin "Orion". Bugu da kari, shi ya karu littafin dutsen ado jirgin ruwa na soja precursor daban-daban daga duka na ashirin da biyar cikin dari.

Karshe a duniya Dreadnought

Karshe daga cikin dreadnought jirgin ruwa na soja da aka dauka a matsayin "Vanguard", halitta a Birtaniya bayan yakin duniya na biyu, a shekarar 1946. Design shi ya fara a 1939, amma, duk da sauri, ya sa a cikin aiki kafin karshen yaki basu da lokaci. Bayan kammala babbar fama yadda ake gudanar da kammala na jirgin ruwa na soja a duk ragae down.

Baya da cewa "Vanguard" yana dauke da karshe na dreadnoughts, shi ne kuma mafi girma na Birtaniya battleships.

Bayan da yaki, da jirgin da aka yi amfani a matsayin mai sarauta yacht. Ya sanya wani tafiya a kusa da Rum da kuma a Afirka ta Kudu. Har ila yau, an yi amfani da matsayin horo jirgin. Ya yi aiki har zuwa karshen hamsin na karni na ashirin, har sai da aka kawo wa ajiye. A shekarar 1960, da jirgin ruwa na soja da aka cire daga sabis da kuma sayar ga ya da.