Baltic Amurka - wanda shi ne kasar? Duniya da Baltic jihohi

Yau da Baltic ne nemaloznachimuyu yankin na arewacin Turai. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci na tarihi da kuma tattalin arziki da maki na yankin ne Pomerania. Wannan gwamnati, da sarki yankin, wanda a baya aka sani da Baltic larduna. Don magance wannan tambaya: "Baltic Amurka - wanda shi ne kasar da kuma jihar?" - taimako ga tarihi da kuma tattalin arziki review na yankin.

Da samuwar gefen

The kalmar "Baltic" da aka samu daga sunan da teku, a kan bankunan na wanda yankin. Na dogon lokaci ga tafin kafa dalili a kan ƙasa suka yi yaƙi Jamus da kuma Yaren mutanen Sweden al'umma. Sai waɗanda suka a cikin 16th karni ga mafi part sanya up jama'ar na Baltic. Mutane da yawa na gida mutane suna barin yankin a search na wani shiru rayuwa, kuma a wuri na koma nasara iyali. A lokacin, yankin zama da aka sani Sveyskoy.

Yana ƙare a m jini wars godiya ga Bitrus I, wanda bai bar sojojin da rigar tabo a kan makiya sojojin na Swedes. Yanzu Baltic al'ummai iya barci ba tare da damuwa game da gobe. United Lardunan fara gudanar da wani sunan na Baltic larduna, wani ɓangare na Rasha Empire.
Wasu masu tarihi har yanzu fafitikar da tambayar ko, yayin da Baltic Amurka - a kasar wanda ya. Simple amsar yana da wuya, domin a cikin 18th karni rayu a cikin ƙasa na dama, mutanen da nasu al'ada da kuma hadisai. A yankin da aka raba administrative part, lardin, amma daga jihohin ba a gare ta. Bambantawa faru da yawa daga baya, evidenced da yawa records a tarihi takardun.

A lokacin farko World Baltic kasashen shagaltar da Jamus sojojin. Domin shekaru masu yawa, yankin da ya zauna a Jamus duchy a kan ƙasa na Rasha. Kawai bayan shekaru da dama daular mulkinsu ya fara raba a bourgeois da jari hujja jamhuriyar.

Hada hannu da Tarayyar Soviet

A Baltic Amurka a halin yanzu form fara samar da kawai a farkon shekarun 1990s. Duk da haka, da cikakken yankin samuwar faru a cikin postwar lokaci a cikin marigayi 1940s. Hada hannu da Baltic jihohin a cikin tarayyar Soviet kwanan rana Agusta 1939, bisa yardatayya daga wadanda ba ta'adi tsakanin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Jamus jamhuriyar. A yarjejeniyar da aka wajabta, da kuma iyakar yankunan, da kuma da har na da tasiri na tattalin arziki a kan wani ɓangare na biyu iko. Duk da haka, mafi waje siyasa masana kimiyya da kuma tarihi yi imani da cewa yankin da aka kaucewa shagaltar da ta Soviet hukumomi. To, idan sun tuna da Baltic Amurka - shi ne abin da kasashe da kuma yadda ake kafa? A jam'iyya hada da Latvia, Lithuania da kuma Estonia. Duk wadannan jihohi da aka kafa da kuma ilimi da godiya ga Tarayyar Soviet. Amma duk da haka kasashen yammacin masana sun yarda cewa Rasha zamar masa dole ya biya Baltic kasashen kudi diyya ga shekaru na zama da kuma kisan-kiyashi. Rasha ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar, bi da bi, ya nace cewa abin da aka makala yankin zuwa tarayyar Soviet ya ba saba wa wani canons na dokar kasa da kasa.

division na jamhuriyar

Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet auka,} asashe da dama sun samu legitimized mulki, amma Baltic jihar sami 'yancin kanta a cikin farkon shekarar 1991. Daga baya, a watan Satumba, da yarjejeniya da sabon tsarin siyasa a yankin da aka karfafa da arziki na majalisar gudanarwar kasar Sin da Tarayyar Soviet.

Rabuwa jamhuriyoyin shige cikin lumana, ba tare da siyasa da kuma} ungiyoyin rikice-rikice. Duk da haka da kansu Balts sami zamani ci gaba da al'adar da tsarin siyasa kafin 1940, watau kafin zama ta Tarayyar Soviet. Yau sanya hannu a yawan shawarwari na majalisar dattijai da kuma da majalisar Turai a tilasta kunsawa na Baltic jihohi a Tarayyar Soviet. Kamar wancan ne da manyan kasashen yammacin Duniya na kokarin kafa makwabta jamhuriyoyin da su 'yan ƙasa da Rasha. A rikici ne ya dada tabarbare a 'yan shekarun nan da kuma bukatun da RF diyya ga zama. Abin lura shi ne cewa ya bayyana Generic sunan "Baltic States" ƙasa a cikin wadannan takardu. Wannan shi ne abin da kasar nan da gaske? Wadannan sun hada da yau, Latvia, Lithuania da kuma Estonia. Game da Kaliningrad yankin, shi ne wani ɓangare na Rasha Federation ga wannan rana.

A labarin kasa na yankin

Baltic aka located a cikin ƙasa na Turai a fili. Daga arewa shi ne kẽwayesu da Gulf of Finland da kuma cikin Baltic Sea. Iyakarsu wajen gabas ne Valdai Hills, da kuma kudu maso yammacin - da Polesie Shefela. A Coast na yankin da aka wakilta Istoniyanci, Courland, kuma Kurgalsky Semba Larabawa, kazalika da Curonian da Vistula braids. The most bays suna dauke Riga, Finland da kuma Narva.

A mafi kabido - Taran (60 mita). A gagarumin ɓangare na jihar bakin teku yankin sun dauki yashi, kuma lãka, kuma a cikin m dutse. Daya ne kawai Curonian tofa lullube for 98 kilomita tare da Baltic Sea. Its nisa a wasu wurare ya kai 3800 m. A gida rairayi da kundinta mukamansu uku a duniya (6 cu. Km). Tsororuwar ne dutsen Baltic Gaizins - fiye da 310 mita.

A Jamhuriyar Latvia

A babban birnin jihar - Riga. Location Jamhuriyar - arewacin Turai. A kasar na da game da miliyan 2 mutane, duk da cewa yankin na yankin maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na kawai 64.600 murabba'in mita. km. Kamar yadda yawan Latvia mukamansu 147th a duniya jerin. A nan ne dukan al'umman da na Baltic da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Russian, Dogayen sanda, Belarusians, Yahudawa, Ukrainians, Lithuania, Jamus, Gypsies, da dai sauransu halitta, da yawan da yawan ne Latvians (77%). Tsarin siyasa - unitary jumhuriya, majalisar dokokin kasar. A yankin ne zuwa kashi 119 administrative raka'a.

Babban samun kudin shiga kafofin na kasar ne yawon shakatawa, dabaru, banki da kuma masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci.

A Jamhuriyar Lithuania

A Gwargwadon wuri na kasar - arewacin Turai. Babban birnin na jamhuriyar - Vilnius. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Baltic yawan kusan rabin shi kunshi Lithuania. A cikin 'yan qasar jihar rayuwar miliyan 1.7 mutane. Total jama'ar na kasar ne dan kadan kasa da miliyan 3. Lithuania iyaka da Baltic Sea, wanda ya kafa ciniki jirgin ta hanyar. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa shagaltar da filayen, filayen da gandun daji. Har ila yau, a Lithuania ga fiye da 3 dubu tabkuna da kuma kananan koguna. Saboda da kai tsaye lamba tare da teku sauyin yanayi na yankin ta rashin zaman lafiya, gwamnatin rikon kwarya. A lokacin rani da zazzabi da wuya ya wuce 22 digiri. Babban tushen jihar amfanin ƙasa - da kuma man gas.

A Jamhuriyar Estonia

Located a arewacin tekun na Baltic Sea. A babban birnin kasar - Tallinn. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa an wanke ta da Gulf of Finland da kuma Riga. Estonia yana da wani na kowa da kan iyaka da kasar Rasha.

Yawan jama'a na kasar ne fiye da mutane miliyan 1.3, daya bisa uku na su rike Rasha. Bugu da kari ga Estonians da Russia da suka rayu a nan, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Tatars, Finns, Jamus, da Lithuania, Yahudawa, Latvians, Armenia da kuma sauran mutane. Babban tushen ƙari na jihar taskar ne masana'antu. A shekarar 2011, Estonia gudanar da wani translation na kasa kudin zuwa Yuro. Yau, da majalisar jumhuriya aka dauke moderately. GDP da capita ne a kusa da 21 dubu kudin Tarayyar Turai.

Kaliningrad yankin

Wannan yankin yana da wani musamman Gwargwadon wuri. A gaskiya cewa batu na zuwa Rasha Federation, yana da babu kowa tare da iyakokin kasar. An located in arewacin Turai a cikin Baltic yankin. Shi ne administrative cibiyar na Rasha. Yana bautarka wani yanki na 15.1 dubu square. km. The yawan rasa ko da miliyan - 969.000 mutane.

A yankin kan iyakar kasar da Poland, Lithuania da kuma Baltic Sea. An dauke da mafi yammacin batu na Rasha.

Babban tattalin arziki kafofin ne mai, kwal, peat, amber, da kuma lantarki masana'antu.