Artsimovich Lev Andreevich, Soviet likita: biography, kimiyya aiki

Leo Artsimovich - sanannen Soviet masanin kimiyya, wanda ya kafa kimiyya makaranta na sarrafawa thermonuclear Fusion, wanda ya sanya an invaluable taimako ga ci gaban ilmin taurari da kuma makaman nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi. Yana da aka karkashin ya jagoranci, shi aka farko da za'ayi nukiliya Fusion a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Man tare da babban birnin kasar wasika, sun sadaukar da rayuwarsu ne wajen fi so kasuwanci - Artsimovich ne Firayim misali na kwarewa, hazaka, juriya da kuma ƙarfin hali. Ya dangana ga m jita-jita magana: "Science - mafi kyau Hanyar saduwa saboda da jihar ta mallaka son sani."

Lev Andreevich Artsimovich: biography

Lev Artsimovich aka haife shi a Moscow a kan Fabrairu 25, 1909. Uwar - Olga L., ya zo daga wani iyali Yahudawa, Andrew M. - ubansa bai kasance mai daraja iyali, daga baya da matalauta. Artsimovich rayu a cikin babban birnin kasar har shekara ta 1919, amma saboda devastation da kuma wuri na abinci halin da ake ciki da aka tilasta canza da wurin zama a cikin Mogilev, inda mahaifinsa aka miƙa a matsayin shugaban ilimin kididdiga ofishin. Sa'an nan kuma akwai da tafi sake, da farko a Gomel, sa'an nan - a cikin karamin gari na Klintsy. Duk da haka, da kudi da halin da ake ciki Artsimoviches da cika fuska tsananta, kuma a karshen, shi ya wuce. Saboda wannan, da kuma a cikin bege na a kalla wasu barga ciyar da iyaye aka tilasta gane dansa zuwa wani marayu. Yaron ba zai iya zama a wannan ma'aikata da kuma fifita salon waif tsere daga can. A karshen yakin basasa Artsimovich halin da ake ciki wanda ya inganta dan kadan, koma zuwa Gomel, da kuma Leo koma wa mahaifansa biyu. Uba da lokacin da aka nada a matsayin shugaban sashen a cikin Belarushiyanci Jami'ar Jihar. Akwai bayan kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare sai ya shiga, kuma ya fi so dan.

Zabar Life: Physics

A zabi daga cikin samarin ya fadi a kan physico-ilmin lissafi baiwa. Kaya ilmi tsiwirwirinsu, a lokacin horo, m saurayi ya bai isa ba, saboda haka, fahimta da fi so kimiyya, ya tafi zuwa Moscow, inda a shekara shi ya kasance wani baƙo na daban-daban kimiyya dakunan karatu. A shekara ta 1929, a cikin gida jami'a brilliantly kare rubutun a kan X-ray a jere, da kuma a shekara daga baya ya sauya wurin zama a Birnin Leningrad. Akwai Artsimovich Lev Andreevich zaunar da su a jiki-Technical Institute zaman kansa taxidermist, da farko a cikin radiography sashen, da watanni shida daga baya - a sashen na X-haskoki da lantarki mamaki. Sun gudanar da bincike likita, mai yiwuwa, kamar duk mai girma masana kimiyya a farkon ya aiki, ba ta san yadda za a sa irin abubuwan da gwaje-gwajen. Task ne ya taimake shi a cikin wannan da yake a kan kafadu na babban jami'in yan'uwansu, wanda fairly dogon lokaci sanar da Leo sauki skills ake bukata domin kimiyya ayyukan.

A farko karatu na Soviet masanin kimiyya

Mataki na farko shine a binciken Artsimovich total tunani na X-haskoki daga bakin ciki yadudduka da daban-daban karafa. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen, gudanar a 1931, kawai shekaru 40 daga baya, ya zo ya yi da kuma sha'awar a malamai. 1933 aka alama ta nazarin na atomic tsakiya. Leo Artsimovich kalubale a cikin wannan yankin da aka kungiyar na wani high-ƙarfin lantarki dakin gwaje-gwaje, ya yi nazarin da kaddarorin jinkirin neutrons da kuma ci gaba ƙarfafa tube da tãshin hankali janareto ga azumi electrons. A wartime Artsimovich Lev Andreevich tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da dare hangen nesa ta amfani da na'urorin infrared bakan. Yana ake bukata domin kāriyar masana'antu na kasar. yanayi na gudanar da bincike da za'ayi a cikin ganuwar da Kazan University, to sa shi mai laushi, babu. Maloprisposoblennoe for kimiyya gwaje-gwajen da ginshiki bai zama mai hana zuwa nasara kisa da aiki.

A postwar shekaru

1944 aka alama ta wani Soviet masanin kimiyya aiki a matsayin shugaban kimiyya sashen a Cibiyar Atomic Energy a shekarar 1946 Artsimovich Lev Andreevich aka zaba memba na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma zama shugaban daya daga cikin bincike yankunan a fagen nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi. Ga sabuwar dabara na raba raka'a iya raba da isotopes na lithium, Leo A. Stalin Prize aka bayar 1st digiri. A 1950, ya samu wani sabon aiki - da shugaban gwaji bincike a fagen thermonuclear sarrafawa fe, kuma a shekara daga baya ya zama wani Soviet masanin kimiyya Academician. A shekarar 1952, a kan asusun da ya samu na neutron radiation high-zazzabi jini da kuma, a sakamakon, - awarding da Lenin Prize.

Gano wani tushen samar da makamashi

A shekara ta 1955, sakamakon gudana bincike electrodynamic jini totur kafa dalilin wani sabon shugabanci - jini kimiyyar lissafi.

A karshen rayuwarsa cikin Soviet likita da yin bincike a kan high-zazzabi jini Fusion na'urorin, kokarin samun wani zama tushen samar da makamashi. Farga da cewa wannan aikin iya taimaka ci gaban astrophysics (saboda jini dole ne a yi karatu wajen Duniya - Sun kuma taurari), Leo iyakar goyon gina astronomical kida da mai yawa kokarin directed da gina wani astronomical Observatory a cikin Caucasus. A sakamakon samu a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kimiyya haifar da wani fahimtar da jini kimiyyar lissafi, da yanayi na watsi da flares a kan rana, haddasa bayyanar Magnetic hadari.

An invaluable taimako ga kimiyya

Shi ne da godiya ga Artsimovich LA ilmin taurari Soviet kasashen zo zuwa gaba. Har ila yau wata babbar gudunmawar Artsimovich Lev Andreevich sanya a ilimi. Tun 1953, domin shekaru 20 ya sanar a Moscow University karanta Darussan kan jini da kuma atomic kimiyyar lissafi. Talented masu bincike rubuta wani babban yawan horo Littattafan. a sashen a kan madadin tsari Fusion dakin gwaje-gwaje, analogues na wanda ya ba da a cikin wani jami'a a duniya. Artsimovich Lev Andreevich da 'ya'yansa, wanda ya ɗaukarsa tamkar dalibai, da aka gudanar a ta muhimmanci kwarewa. By hanyar, da yawa daga cikin dalibai na Soviet likita daga baya ya zama babban kimiyya shugabannin a kasashe daban-daban. Yana ba ya zama Artsimovich Maris 1, 1973. Binne talented masanin kimiyya a Novodevichy hurumi a Moscow. A girmamawa Lva Andreevicha Artsimovicha proposer na Soviet da kuma duniya kimiyya invaluable taimako, aka mai suna a bakin dutse a kan Moon, da kuma a shekara ta 1974 an ba da sunan riverboat, da kuma babban masana kimiyya mu lokaci a cikin aikin dogara ne a kan sakamakon da muka samu Artsimovich.